久

See also: 乆
久 U+4E45, 久
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E45
← 乄
[U+4E44] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 乆 →
[U+4E46]

Translingual
Stroke order
Stroke order

Han character

久 (radical 4, 丿+2, 3 strokes, cangjie input 弓人 (NO) or X弓人 (XNO), four-corner 27800, composition ⿸𠂊乀)

Derived characters

Descendants

References

Wikidata

  • KangXi: page 81, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 118
  • Dae Jaweon: page 165, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 33, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+4E45

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 久
variant forms 乆

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 久
Small seal script

s03941

Transcribed ancient scripts

L35395

L35396

L35397

L35398

L35399

L18239

L18240

L18241

L18242

L18243

L18244

L18245

L18246

L18247

L18248

L18249

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (久) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
畂 *ɡʷ·rɯs
久 *kʷlɯʔ
灸 *kʷlɯʔ, *kʷlɯs
玖 *kʷlɯʔ
疚 *kʷlɯs
柩 *ɡʷlɯs
羑 *ɡʷ·lɯʔ

Pictogram (象形) - a man receiving moxibustion. The derivative 灸 refers to the original word.

Pronunciation
Note:
  • kiú - literary;
  • kú - vernacular.
Rime
Character 久
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 尤 (136)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 舉有切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kɨuX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kiuX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kiəuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kuwX/
Li
Rong		 /kiuX/
Wang
Li		 /kĭəuX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ki̯ə̯uX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jiǔ
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 久
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 jiǔ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kjuwX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[k]ʷəʔ/
English a long time

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 久
Reading # 1/1
No. 6969
Phonetic
component		 久
Rime
group		 之
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 久
Old
Chinese		 /*kʷlɯʔ/

Definitions

久

  1. (of time) long
    你待了多久？  ―  Nǐ dāi le duōjiǔ?  ―  How long did you stay?
    我們走路走了很久。 [MSC, trad.]
    我们走路走了很久。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒmen zǒulù zǒu le hěn jiǔ. [Pinyin]
    We walked for a long time.
  2. A surname​.

Compounds
Derived terms from 久

Japanese

Kanji
久

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. long time

Readings

Compounds

Proper noun

久 (hiragana ひさし, rōmaji Hisashi)

  1. A male given name

Korean

Hanja

久 (eumhun 오랠 구 (orael gu))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Alternative forms

Han character

久: Hán Việt readings: cửu (舉(cử)有(hữu)切(thiết))[3]
久: Nôm readings: cửu[4]

  1. Hán tự form of cửu (“for a long time”).

References
  1. Bonet (1899).
  2. Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
  3. Trần (2004).
  4. Génibrel (1898).
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