上げる

Japanese
Kanji in this term
上
あ
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Verb

上げる (transitive, ichidan conjugation, hiragana あげる, rōmaji ageru)

Japanese verb pair
active 上げる
mediopassive 上がる
  1. to raise, to lift
  2. to give
    犬 (いぬ)に毎日 (まいにち)えさをあげてください。
    Inu ni mainichi esa o agete kudasai.
    Please feed the dog every day.
  3. to utter; to cry; to produce; to raise (a voice)
    悲 (ひ)鳴 (めい)を上 (あ)げる
    himei o ageru
    to shriek; to let out a scream
    奇 (き)声 (せい)を上 (あ)げる
    kisei o ageru
    to raise a strange cry

Conjugation
Conjugation of "上げる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 上げ あげ age
Continuative (連用形) 上げ あげ age
Terminal (終止形) 上げる あげる ageru
Attributive (連体形) 上げる あげる ageru
Hypothetical (仮定形) 上げれ あげれ agere
Imperative (命令形) 上げよ¹
上げろ²		 あげよ¹
あげろ²		 ageyo¹
agero²
Key constructions
Passive 上げられる あげられる agerareru
Causative 上げさせる
上げさす		 あげさせる
あげさす		 agesaseru
agesasu
Potential 上げられる
上げれる³		 あげられる
あげれる³		 agerareru
agereru³
Volitional 上げよう あげよう ageyō
Negative 上げない
上げぬ
上げん		 あげない
あげぬ
あげん		 agenai
agenu
agen
Negative continuative 上げず あげず agezu
Formal 上げます あげます agemasu
Perfective 上げた あげた ageta
Conjunctive 上げて あげて agete
Hypothetical conditional 上げれば あげれば agereba
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential
Classical conjugation of "上ぐ" (ガ行下二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 上げあげage
Continuative (連用形) 上げあげage
Terminal (終止形) 上ぐあぐagu
Attributive (連体形) 上ぐるあぐるaguru
Realis (已然形) 上ぐれあぐれagure
Imperative (命令形) 上げよあげよageyo
Key constructions
Negative 上げずあげずagezu
Contrasting conjunction 上ぐれどあぐれどaguredo
Causal conjunction 上ぐればあぐればagureba
Conditional conjunction 上げばあげばageba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 上げきあげきageki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 上げけりあげけりagekeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 上げつあげつagetu
Perfect tense (natural event) 上げぬあげぬagenu
Perfect-continuative tense 上げたりあげたりagetari

Usage notes

Wikibooks

Japanese has an extensive vocabulary for giving and receiving. While 上げる is used for giving something to someone of equal or lower social standing, 差 (さ)し上 (あ)げる (sashiageru) is used for giving to someone of higher rank and やる (yaru) for giving to to a non-human or to someone of low rank. It is fairly common to use 上げる for giving something to a pet, especially in casual speech, but some speakers consider this usage nonstandard or incorrect.

See also
  • くれる (kureru): to give (to the speaker, or someone close to the speaker, such as a family member)
  • 貰 (もら)う (morau): to receive

References
  1. 1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō
  2. 2002, 京阪系アクセント辞典 (A Dictionary of Tone on Words of the Keihan-type Dialects) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Bensei, →ISBN
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.