くれる

Japanese

Etymology 1

The kanji spelling 呉れる is an example of ateji (当て字), based on a kun reading of 呉, kure, which referred to China in ancient Japan.

Alternative forms

Verb

くれる (ichidan conjugation, rōmaji kureru)

  1. to give to me, to us, or to someone close to me
    友達 (ともだち)がCD (シーディー)をくれた。
    Tomodachi ga shīdī o kureta.
    My friend gave me a CD.
  2. to do something for me, for us, or for someone close to me
    お皿 (さら)を洗 (あら)ってくれる。
    Osara o arattekureru.
    He washes the dishes for me.
Usage notes
  • The receiver is always the speaker or someone close to the speaker such as a family member.
Conjugation
Conjugation of "呉れる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 呉れ くれ kure
Continuative (連用形) 呉れ くれ kure
Terminal (終止形) 呉れる くれる kureru
Attributive (連体形) 呉れる くれる kureru
Hypothetical (仮定形) 呉れれ くれれ kurere
Imperative (命令形) 呉れ¹ くれ¹ kure¹
Key constructions
Passive 呉れられる くれられる kurerareru
Causative 呉れさせる
呉れさす		 くれさせる
くれさす		 kuresaseru
kuresasu
Potential 呉れられる
呉れれる²		 くれられる
くれれる²		 kurerareru
kurereru²
Volitional 呉れよう くれよう kureyō
Negative 呉れない
呉れぬ
呉れん		 くれない
くれぬ
くれん		 kurenai
kurenu
kuren
Negative continuative 呉れず くれず kurezu
Formal 呉れます くれます kuremasu
Perfective 呉れた くれた kureta
Conjunctive 呉れて くれて kurete
Hypothetical conditional 呉れれば くれれば kurereba

¹ Irregular imperative
² Colloquial potential

Synonyms
See also

Wikibooks

Etymology 2

Verb

くれる (ichidan conjugation, rōmaji kureru)

  1. 暮れる: to get dark by sunset, to suffer
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