swarm
English
Etymology
From Middle English swarm, from Old English swearm (“swarm, multitude”), from Proto-Germanic *swarmaz (“swarm, dizziness”), from Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“to buzz, hum”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Swoorm (“swarm”), Dutch zwerm, German Schwarm, Danish sværm, Swedish svärm, Icelandic svarmur (“tumult, swarm”), Latin susurrus (“whispering, humming”), Lithuanian surma (“a pipe”), Russian свире́ль (svirélʹ, “a pipe, reed”).
The verb is from Middle English swarmen, swermen, from Old English swierman (“to swarm”), from Proto-Germanic *swarmijaną (“to swarm”), from the noun. Cognate with Scots swairm, swerm (“to swarm”), Dutch zwermen, German schwärmen, Danish sværme, Swedish svärma.
Pronunciation
- (General American) IPA(key): /swɔɹm/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /swɔːm/
Audio (US) (file) - Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)m
Noun
swarm (plural swarms)
- A large number of insects, especially when in motion or (for bees) migrating to a new colony.
- (Can we date this quote?) Milton
- a deadly swarm of hornets
- (Can we date this quote?) Milton
- A mass of people, animals or things in motion or turmoil.
- a swarm of meteorites
- (Can we date this quote?) Addison
- those prodigious swarms that had settled themselves in every part of it [Italy]
- (computing) A group of nodes sharing the same torrent in a BitTorrent network.
Derived terms
Translations
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.
Verb
swarm (third-person singular simple present swarms, present participle swarming, simple past and past participle swarmed)
- (intransitive) To move as a swarm.
- 1915, G[eorge] A. Birmingham [pseudonym; James Owen Hannay], chapter I, in Gossamer, New York, N.Y.: George H. Doran Company, OCLC 5661828:
- There is an hour or two, after the passengers have embarked, which is disquieting and fussy. Mail bags, so I understand, are being put on board. Stewards, carrying cabin trunks, swarm in the corridors.
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- (intransitive) To teem, or be overrun with insects, people, etc.
- (Can we date this quote?) Edmund Spenser
- Every place swarms with soldiers.
- (Can we date this quote?) Edmund Spenser
- (transitive) To fill a place as a swarm.
- (transitive) To overwhelm as by an opposing army.
- To climb by gripping with arms and legs alternately.
- (Can we date this quote?) William Coxe
- At the top was placed a piece of money, as a prize for those who could swarm up and seize it.
- 1919, W. Somerset Maugham, The Moon and Sixpence, chapter 55
- She called out, and a boy came running along. He swarmed up a tree, and presently threw down a ripe nut. Ata pierced a hole in it, and the doctor took a long, refreshing draught.
- (Can we date this quote?) William Coxe
- To breed multitudes.
- (Can we date this quote?) John Milton
- Not so thick swarmed once the soil / Bedropped with blood of Gorgon.
- (Can we date this quote?) John Milton
Translations
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.
See also
- Appendix:English collective nouns
Middle English
Etymology
From Old English swearm, from Proto-Germanic *swarmaz.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /swarm/, /swɛrm/
Derived terms
Descendants
- English: swarm
- Scots: swairm
References
- “swarm (n.)” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-11-24.