lai

From Middle English lai, lay, from Old French lai (“song, lyric, poem”), from Old Frankish *laik, *laih (“play, melody, song”), from Proto-Germanic *laikaz, *laikiz (“jump, play, dance, hymn”), from Proto-Indo-European *loig-, *(e)laiǵ- (“to jump, spring, play”). Akin to Old High German leih (“a play, skit, melody, song”), Middle High German leich (“piece of music, epic song played on a harp”), Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌺𐍃 (laiks, “a dance”), Old English lācan (“to move quickly, fence, sing”). More at lake.

• IPA^(key): /laɪ/
• Rhymes: -aɪ
• Homophones: lie, lye

lai (plural lais)

1. (historical) A mostly North European form of medieval song, with stanzas that do not repeat.

• lai on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

• -ial, Ali, IAL, LIA, ail, ali-

• laiu

Uncertain. Compare Daco-Romanian lai, Albanian ljaj.

lai

1. black
2. (figuratively) poor, miserable, unfortunate
3. (figuratively) wicked, bad

• (black): negru
• (poor, unfortunate): mãrat, curbusit, stuhinat, scurpisit, buisit, vãpsit
• (wicked, bad): arãu, slab, urut, cãtrãcearcu, afischcu, tihilai, blãstimat

• lãeatsã
• lãiturã
• lãescu
• lãilji

From Latin illa.

lai (masculine le or lou, plural les)

1. (feminine nouns) the

lai (genitive laia, partitive laia)

1. wide

• IPA^(key): /lɛ/

From Middle French lai, from Old French lai (“song, lyric, poem”), from Old Frankish *laik, *laih (“play, melody, song”), from Proto-Germanic *laikaz, *laikiz (“jump, play, dance, hymn”), from Proto-Indo-European *loig-, *(e)laiǵ- (“to jump, spring, play”). Akin to Old High German leih (“a play, skit, melody, song”), Middle High German leich (“piece of music, epic song played on a harp”), Old English lācan (“to move quickly, fence, sing”). More at lake. Alternatively from Celtic; compare Old Irish laíd (“poem”).

lai m (plural lais)

1. (historical) lai (a mostly North European form of medieval song, with stanzas that do not repeat).

From Old French lai, from Latin lāicus. Doublet of laïque.

lai (feminine singular laie, masculine plural lais, feminine plural laies)

1. lay, equivalent to French laïc, laïque (relating to laypersons as opposed to clerical).

   Only used in the phrase "frères lais"; means religious servants not (yet) having been admitted to the priestly dignity.

• ail, lia

• “lai” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

lai

1. plural of la

lai

1. side

lai

1. here (this place)
   • 1877, Antonio Ive, Canti popolari istriani: raccolti a Rovigno, volume 5, Ermanno Loescher, page 40:

     Vuoltite biunduleîna inverso lai,

     Turn around towards this place, little blonde,

lai 

1. vegetable

lai

1. three

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *laki₁. Cognate with Indonesian laki.

lai

1. husband

• Rina, A. Dj.; Kabba, John Lado B. (2011), “lai”, in Kamus Bahasa Lamboya, Kabupaten Sumba Bakat [Dictionary of Lamboya Language, West Sumba Regency], Waikabubak: Dinas Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata, Kabupaten Sumba Bakat, page 58
• Lamboya in Austronesian Comparative Dictionary

lai

1. through
2. across

lai

1. pass

• https://inter.payap.ac.th/wp-content/uploads/linguistics_students/Luk_Hkaw_Thesis2017.pdf

Traditionally, lai is derived from the imperative form of the verb laist (“to allow, to permit”) (quod vide): laid → lai, an evolution reminiscent of Russian пускай (puskaj), пусть (pustʹ, “let, so be”) from пускать (puskatʹ, “to allow, to permit”). The form laid is indeed attested as a conjunction in the earliest sources. This view, however, has been recently criticized on the basis that Latvian lai, Lithuanian laĩ are clearly related to Old Prussian -lai, which is added to (usually infinitive) verbs to indicate volitive or conditional mood. This suggests a Proto-Baltic form *lai, probably related to the final -le of Latvian reinforcing particles jele ~ jel, nule, and (dialectal) nele, and to Old Prussian -le, apparently a variant of -lai. This *le would then have the same origin as Proto-Slavic *li (compare Polish li (“only”) Russian ли (li)), with cognates in other languages (Albanian, Tocharian) from a basic Proto-Indo-European *l-. After this criticism, the relationship between lai and laist has become unclear. Maybe Proto-Indo-European *l- was an old verb, or maybe laist was derived from an older particle.[1]

• IPA^(key): [laî]

lai

1. with the conditional, indicating purpose, sometimes cause; sometimes correlating with tāpēc, tādēļ in the main clause; so that, in order to, in order that

   lai varētu labāk pārredzēt apkārtni, bija jāuzkāpj tornī

   in order to be able to see the surroundings better, it was necessary to climb the tower

   kad viņa, laimīgi smiedamās, pacēla savu glāzi, lai saskandinātu ar viesiem, es noraudzījos ar klusu skaudību

   when she, laughing happily, lifted her glass, in order to clink glasses with the visitors, I watched with quiet envy

   gājējiem jāraugās, lai dēļa vaļējais gals neiesistu pa pieri

   the passers-by must be careful, so that the free end of the log does not hit them on the forehead

   apģērbam un apaviem jābūt ērtiem, lai tie netraucētu kustības

   clothes and shoes must be comfortable, so that they don't disturb (one's) movement

   kafiju nedrīkst vārīt, lai tā nezaudētu aromātu

   coffee should not be boiled, so that it doesn't lose its aroma

   es mācos tikai tāpēc, lai labāk noderētu lielajā cīņā

   I learn only so that I can serve better in the great fight

   studēt es gribu tikai tādēļ, lai pati vairāk zinātu un lai iegūtās zināšanas varētu atdot citiem

   I want to study only so that I will know more and so that the knowledge gained can be given to others

2. indicating concession, especially in the combinations lai gan, lai arī; though, although, even though

   lai cīņas būs grūtas, mēs uzvarēsim

   though the fight will be difficult, we will win

   un, lai ļaudis sacījuši ko sacīdami, jaunā sieva katru sliktu vārdu atvairījusi

   and, although the people said what(ever) they wanted, the young wife deflected every bad word

   pēc teātra Vilis Virpuls palika uz deju, lai gan nekad nedejoja

   after the theater Vilis Virpuls stayed at the dance, even though he never danced

   viņš atbrauca ātri, lai gan ceļš bija slikts

   he came quickly, although the road was bad

   lai arī dārzs ir mazliet nolaists, tas tomēr ir skaists

   although the garden is a little neglected, it still is beautiful

3. indicating strong concession, in combination with arī, nu, vai and with interrogative pronouns like cik, kāds, kurš, kas, kur; no matter how, which, who, what, where; however, wherever, whichever, whoever, whatever, wherever

   viņa bija viņam iedvesusi ticību, ka viņš skatīs sauli, lai arī cik grūti būtu pašreiz

   she had inspired in him the belief that he would look at the sun, no matter how difficult this would be now

   mēs visi būsim kopā, lai kā mums kuram ies

   we will all be together, no matter how it goes for us

   lai vai kā, es tomēr runāšu

   no matter how (= whatever happens), I will still speak

   lai kur kāds runā, viņš tūdaļ pretī ar savu

   wherever someone speaks, he immediately (goes) against him with his (words, opinions)

   lai nu tālu, tomēr kādos svētkos raudzīšu attikt

   however far (it may be), I will still try to be at the celebration

4. after certain verbs, introducing a direct object clause; that, for ... to, to

   zīlītes vairs negaidīja, lai Ilzīte viņas baro

   the titmice no longer waited for Ilzīte to feed them

   nē, viņa lūdza, lai es apturu mašīnu

   no, she asked that I stop the car

   vai nevajadzētu paziņot, lai atbrauc viņa piederīgie?

   couldn't (you) have informed (us) that his people would come back?

   bērnu stomatoloģiskajā poliklīnikā galvenokārt rūpējas par to, lai zobi tiktu savlaicīgi salaboti

   in the children's dental clinic, one cares primarily that the (children's) teeth will be repaired in time

5. indicating manner and/or purpose, usually correlating with an adverb like tā (“like that”) in the main clause; so that, such that, in such a way that

   runā, lai var ko saprast

   speak so that (= in such a way that) one can understand something

   lampu novietu tā, lai gaisma krīt no augšas un kreisās puses

   the lamp (is) placed in such a way that the light falls from the top and (from) the left side

   tu centies to pateikt saudzīgi, tā, lai mani nesāpinātu

   you try to say it gently, in such a way that it won't hurt me

6. indicating consequence, especially with tik (“so (much)”), pārāk (“too much”) and an adjective or participle in the main clause; so that, so ... that, too (much) ... for, to, that

   pie debesīm stāvēja pusmēness, izplatīdams pietiekošu krēslu, lai celiņu uz riju varētu redzēt

   on the sky (there) was a half moon, spreading enough light (lit. dawn), so that one could see the little path to the barn

   aitas bijušas tik vājas, lai vējš apgāztu

   the sheep were so weak that the wind (would) turn them over

   zemnieki bija pārāk iebaidīti, lai nakts laikā rādītos ārpus mājām

   the peasants were too intimidated to show themselves outside during the night

   nebija vēl noadīti tik biezi cimdi, lai tagad, laukā braucot, nesaltu rokas

   (one) had not yet knit such thick gloves that, going out now, (one's) hands wouldn't freeze

lai

1. used to express an optative (wish) nuance: may, may it be that

   lai dabas spēkus gurds cilvēks veic ― may the wise person lead the forces of nature

   lai visas dienas labus vārdus teic ― may all days bring (lit. say) good words

   lai viss sils izdegtu! ― may the whole (pine) forest burn!

   lai dzīvo! ― (long) may he live! hooray!

   tie ir trakāki par baroniem... velns lai viņus parauj!

   those (people) are crazier than the barons... may the devil take them!

2. used to express encouragement, agreement: let

   ja tu, Zane, nevari, lai paliek šovakar govis neslauktas ― if you, Zane, can't (do it), let the cows remain unmilked tonight

   draugi mani atkal uzaicināja medībās: “labi”, es teicu, “lai notiek; bet pēdējo reizi!”

   friends invited me again to hunt: “OK,” I said, “let it happen (= I'll go); but (for) the last time!”

3. used to mark third person imperative forms of verbs; sometimes used with the first person also: let

   “lai taču viņš iet”, Aina saka; “lai viņš iet, es arī neturēšu viņu, lai iet, lai iet”

   “but let him go,” Aina said, “let him go, I also won't keep him, let (him) go, let (him) go”

   lai vēlam putnam laimīgu lidojumu! ― let us wish the bird a happy flight!

4. used to give a nuance of indecision or doubt, especially in a question should, could

   ko lai viņam saku, kādu padomu lai dodu? ― what should I say to him, what advice should I give?

   man vajadzīgs padoms; es nezinu, pie kā cita lai griežos

   I need advice; I don't know who else I could turn to (but you)

   es prasu zemei, kur meklēt lai eju ― I ask the earth, where should I go to look for (it)?

5. (colloquial) used to add strength to a word or expression, to link it more tightly to the rest of the sentence

   Soklēns gribēja savus viesus uzjautrināt ar pajāšanos; segli lai bija iegādāti

   Soklēns wanted to cheer his guests up with some (horse) riding; the saddles were even ready (already)

   vasarā, kad būs āboli, vai tad nāksi ciemos? ar medu lai pacienāšu, jā?

   during the summer, when there will be apples, maybe then you will come visit? and I will also treat you with honey, yes?

6. used to reinforce a word, highlighting it among others

   tūliņ svied tās meijas nost un meklē rīksti rokā! vai lopi līdz vakaram lai kūtī stāv?

   throw those boughs away right now and go get your rod! are the animals really going to stay in the barn till night?

7. used, sometimes with nu or ir, to indicate tolerance of, or agreement with, someone else

   protams, mājās būs vēl nepatīkamāka saruna, to es zinu pavisam skaidri, bet lai!

   of course, at home there will still be an unpleasant talk, I know that very well, and how (= boy do I)!

   “lai nu, lai nu, Birkenbaum,” Grīntāls mierināja ― “OK, OK, Birkenbaum,” Grīntāls comforted (him)

   “esi gan tu muļķa meitene”, Karlīne zobojās; “a, lai ir!” Annele spītīgi atcirta

   “you are indeed a stupid girl,” Karlīne mocked; “ah, so be it!” Annele snapped angrily back

   lai jau būtu ― let it be, so be it

lai

1. beach

lai

1. Nonstandard spelling of lái.
2. Nonstandard spelling of lǎi.
3. Nonstandard spelling of lài.

• English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

From English lie.

lai (plural lais)

1. lie (intentionally false statement)

lai m (oblique plural lais, nominative singular lais, nominative plural lai)

1. lai (Medieval text)

lai m (oblique and nominative feminine singular laie)

1. ugly

• French: laid

• lău

Uncertain. Several explanations exist. One derives it from Albanian ljaj, itself possibly from Latin flavus, but this is uncertain, and it may be that the Albanian is derived from Proto-Romanian (or Aromanian- compare the cognate laiu, lae in this language). Other theories suggest a Romanian root *gălai, from Latin galla or alternatively an etymology from labes (“fault, defect”), extending the meaning to "spot" and hence, "black" or "dark", but as it is a secondary meaning in Latin, this is not very likely. A more likely explanation may be a relation to the verb la (“to wash”), as lai is used mostly to describe the natural color of wool resulting from washing (compare the similar secondary senses of Spanish crudo, French écru). [1]

• IPA^(key): /laj/

lai m or n (feminine singular laie, plural lăi)

1. (popular) black (or black mixed with white), gray

• negru
• brumăriu

From Latin lacus, from Proto-Italic *lakus, from Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“lake, pool”).

lai m (plural lais)

1. lake

• (Sursilvan, Sutsilvan) lag
• (Sutsilvan) laitg
• (Puter) lej

From Latin lectus.

lai f (plural lais)

1. (Vallader) marriage, matrimony

• (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran) lètg
• (Puter) alach
• (Sutsilvan) letg

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [laːj˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [laːj˧˧]
• (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [laːj˧˧]

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 騾 (“mule”; SV: la, loa).

lai

1. Short for lai giống (“to crossbreed”).

lai

1. of mixed blood; crossbred

   con lai ― crossbred offspring

lai

1. (Central Vietnam, Southern Vietnam) hemline; turn-up

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 釐 (“a weight unit”; SV: li).

lai

1. (Central Vietnam, Southern Vietnam) hundredth part of a tael (equal to 0.378 g)

lai

1. (Central Vietnam) to carry (someone) on one's bicycle or motorbike pillion; to give someone a lift on the bicycle or motorbike
2. to tow

(classifier cây) lai

1. candlenut; candleberry (Aleurites moluccanus)

lai

1. Soft mutation of llai (“smaller”).

From Proto-Tai *ʰlaːjᴬ (“many; much”). Cognate with Thai หลาย (lǎai), Lao ຫຼາຍ (lāi), Lü ᦜᦻ (l̇aay), Shan လၢႆ (lǎay), Saek หล่าย. Compare Old Chinese 多 (OC *ʔl'aːl).

• (Standard Zhuang) IPA^(key): /laːi˨˦/
• Tone numbers: lai¹
• Hyphenation: lai

lai (old orthography lai, Sawndip forms 𫯓, 來, 𡥧, 𡃤)

1. many, much, a lot

• geijlai
• haujlai