Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlew-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *ḱel- (“to incline”).[1]

Root

*ḱlew- (perfective) [1][2][3][4][5]

to hear

Extensions

*ḱlews-

Derived terms

► <a href='/wiki/Category:Terms_derived_from_the_PIE_root_*%E1%B8%B1lew-' title='Category:Terms derived from the PIE root *ḱlew-'>Terms derived from the PIE root *ḱlew-</a>

*ḱléw-t ~ *ḱl̥w-ént (athematic root aorist)
*ḱléw-ye-ti
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: κλείω (kleíō), κλέω (kléō)
*ḱlu-yé-ti
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: κλύω (klúō)
*ḱl̥-né-w-ti ~ *ḱl̥-n-w-énti (nasal-infix present)
*ḱe-ḱlów-e ~ *ḱe-ḱl̥w-ḗr (stative)[2][5][3]
*ḱl̥w-éh₁-ti (éh₁-stative)[2][4][3]
- Balto-Slavic:
  - Latvian: sluvêt
- Indo-Iranian: *ĉr̥wáHti
  - Iranian: *ĉr̥wáHti
    - Avestan: 𐬯𐬭𐬎𐬌𐬌𐬉‎ (sruiiē)
- Italic: *kluēō (“to be known”)
  - Latin: clueō
- Messapic: [Term?] (klaohi /klauhi/, “listen, hear”)
- Albanian quaj (“to be called, to be known”) (from earlier *kluaj)
*ḱlow-éye-ti (causative)[2][3]
- Indo-Iranian: *ĉrāwáyati
  - Indo-Aryan: *śrāwáyati
    - Sanskrit: श्रावयति (śrāváyati)
  - Iranian: *ĉrāwáyati
    - Younger Avestan: 𐬯𐬭𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌‎ (srāuuaiieiti)
*ḱléw-mn̥ ~ *ḱlu-mén-
- Germanic: *hleumô (“hearing”)
  - Old Norse: hljómr (“sound”) (< *hleumaz)
    - Faroese: ljómur
    - Westrobothnian: hljomm, hljömm
  - Gothic: 𐌷𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌼𐌰 (hliuma)
- Indo-Iranian: *ĉráwma
  - Iranian: *ĉráwma
    - Avestan: 𐬯𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬨𐬀𐬥‎ (sraoman, “hearing”)
*ḱléw-mn̥-to-
- Germanic: *hleumundaz
  - German: Leumund (“reputation”)
- Indo-Iranian: *ĉráwmatam
  - Indo-Aryan: *śráwmatam
    - Sanskrit: श्रोमत (śrómata, “good fame”)
*ḱléw-os ~ *ḱléw-es- (see there for further descendants)
*ḱlew-ēs (< **ḱlew-es-s)
- Hellenic: *kléwēs
  - Ancient Greek: -κλέης (-kléēs, “fame, glory”), -κλῆς (-klês), used in Greek male given names, such as Ἡρακλῆς (Hēraklês), Περικλῆς (Periklês)
*ḱlow-so-s
- Balto-Slavic:
  - Slavic: *sluxъ (“hearing, rumor”) (see there for further descendants)
*ḱlú-ti-s
- Indo-Iranian" *ĉrútiš
  - Indo-Aryan: *śrútiṣ
    - Sanskrit: श्रुति (śrúti, “hearing, listening”)[6]
*ḱlu-tó-s (“heard, famous”)
- Old Armenian: լու (lu)
- Celtic: *klutom (see there for further descendants)
- Germanic: *hlūdaz (“loud, famous”) (with unetymological long -ū-)
  - English: loud
  - Dutch: luid
  - German: laut
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: κλυτός (klutós, “famous”)
- Indo-Iranian: *ĉrutás
  - Indo-Aryan: *śrutás
    - Sanskrit: श्रुत (śrutá)
- Italic:
  - Latin: (in)clutus, (in)clitus
*ḱlew-eto-
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: κλειτός (kleitós)
*ḱléw-tro-m
- Germanic: *hleuþrą (“noise”)
  - Old English: hlēoþor (“sound, melody”)
- Indo-Iranian: *ĉráwtram
  - Indo-Aryan: *śráwtram
    - Sanskrit: श्रोत्र (śrótra, “ear”)
*ḱlu-n-s-
- Old Armenian: լսեմ (lsem)
*ḱlu-s-r-
- Old Armenian: լուռ (luṙ)
*ḱlow-steh₂
- Celtic:
  - Old Irish: clúas (“ear”)
*ḱlow-ro- or *ḱlu-ro-
- Old Armenian: լուր (lur)
Unsorted formations:
- Balto-Slavic:
  - Lithuanian: klausyti (“to listen”)
  - Slavic: *slyšati (“to hear”) (see there for further descendants)
  - Slavic: *slušati (“to listen”)
  - Slavic: *slynǫti, *slyti (“to have a reputation”)
  - Slavic: *slava (“fame”) (see there for further descendants)
- Celtic: *klusīti
  - Breton klevout (“to hear”)
  - Welsh: clywed (“to hear”)
- Germanic: *hlusjaną, *hlusinōną (“to hear, listen”) (see there for further descendants)

References

Pokorny, Julius (1959), “I. k̑leu-, k̑leu̯ə-, k̑lū-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume II, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 605-606
Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*k̑leu̯-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 334-335
Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*srau”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 356-357
De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “clueō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 122-123
Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*kli-nu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 208
Rolf Noyer (2000's), “Indo-Iranian”, in Proto-Indo-European Language and Society Indo-Iranian‎

Kluge, Friedrich (1989), “Leumund, laut”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological dictionary of the German language] (in German), 22nd edition, →ISBN

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[IEW-1] Pokorny, Julius (1959), “I. k̑leu-, k̑leu̯ə-, k̑lū-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume II, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 605-606

[LIV-2] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*k̑leu̯-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 334-335

[Cheung-3] Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*srau”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 356-357

[DV-4] De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “clueō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 122-123

[M-5] Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*kli-nu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 208

[6] Rolf Noyer (2000's), “Indo-Iranian”, in Proto-Indo-European Language and Society Indo-Iranian‎