Xi'an Metro

The Xi'an Metro, also known as the Xi'an Subway, is a rapid transit system in the city of Xi'an and the neighbouring city of Xianyang, in Shaanxi province, China.

Xi'an Metro
Overview
LocaleXi'an and Xianyang
Transit typeRapid transit
Number of lines5
Number of stations100[lower-alpha 1]
Daily ridership2.354 million (2018 average)[1]
3.21 million (2019 record)[2]
Annual ridership746.2 million (2018)[1]
Operation
Began operation16 September 2011 (2011-09-16)
Operator(s)Xi'an Rail Transit Group Co., Ltd.(Lines 1, 2, 3, 4)
Shaanxi Intercity Railway Co., Ltd. (subsidiary of Shaanxi Province Railway Group Co., Ltd) (Airport Intercity Railway)
Technical
System length161.8 km (101 mi)
Track gauge1435 mm (standard gauge)
System map

Xi'an Metro
Traditional Chinese西安地鐵
Simplified Chinese西安地铁

The system has five lines in operation. Line 2 opened to the public on September 16, 2011.[3] Line 1 began operation on September 15, 2013. Line 3 began operation after months of delay on November 8, 2016. Line 4 opened on December 26, 2018. The Airport Intercity Railway opened on September 29, 2019.

History

Xi'an began its metro system plan in the mid-1980s. The plan was first submitted to the State Council in 1994, with four planned lines and a total length of 73.2 km (45.5 mi). In February 2004, the re-drafted plan was submitted to the State Government, which received final approval on September 13, 2006.

The first line, Line 2, began construction along Chang'an Street on 29 September 2006 and was completed in 2011. It runs north-south and passes under such historic sites as the Bell Tower and city wall. It is 26.6 km (17 mi) long with 23.5 km (15 mi) lying underground, approximately 20 meters below the surface. It is estimated to have cost 17.9 billion yuan (US$2.24 billion).[4] The route stretches from the Beikezhan to Weiqunan with 20 stops. The travel time is 39 minutes for the entire length, cutting the commute almost in half. Operations began on 28 September 2011.[5]

Four other routes were planned to start construction in 2011 and to be finished by around 2020. When completed, the system will span 251.8 km (156.5 mi) and will mainly service the urban and suburban districts of Xi'an and part of Xianyang.[6]

On June 12, 2019, the NDRC approved the Phase III (2018-2024) Construction Plan of Xi'an Metro. The plan includes Line 1 (Phase 3), Line 2 (Phase 2), Line 8, Line 10 (Phase 1), Line 14, Line 15 (Phase 1), Line 16 (Phase 1). The total length of Xi'an Metro will be 423 kilometres (263 mi) in 2024.[7]

Lines in operation
Map of Xi'an Metro (updated in December 2018)
Line Terminals
(District)		 Commencement Newest
Extension		 Length
km		 Stations Operators
 1  Fenghesenlingongyuan
(Qindu, Xianyang)		 Fangzhicheng
(Baqiao)		 2013 2019 31.45[8] 23
 2  Beikezhan
(Weiyang)		 Weiqunan
(Chang'an)		 2011 2014 26.715[9] 21
 3  Yuhuazhai
(Yanta)		 Baoshuiqu
(Baqiao)		 2016 — 39.15 26
 4  Beikezhan (Beiguangchang)
(Weiyang)		 Hangtian Xincheng
(Chang'an)		 2018 — 35.2 28[lower-alpha 2]
 Airport  Beikezhan (Beiguangchang)
(Weiyang)		 Airport West (T1, T2, T3)
(Weicheng, Xianyang)		 2019 — 29.31[10] 9[lower-alpha 3]
Total 161.8 107
  1. Discrepancies between these figures are explained by interchange stations. Currently there are 7 interchange stations. If interchange stations are counted once for each line they serve, there would be 107 stations.
  2. Huochezhan station is not opened.
  3. Airport (T5) station is not opened.

Line 1
Main article: Line 1 (Xi'an Metro)

The second route, Line 1, was scheduled to start in late 2009 but was brought one year earlier as per Chinese government's response to the financial crisis of 2007–2010. Line 1 opened on 15 September 2013. The route runs from east to west. The line is 31.45 km (20 mi)[8] with 23 stations.

To accelerate the speed of overall economic development between Xi'an and Xianyang cities, the Transportation Department of Xi'an decided to extend Line 1 to promote business travel between the two cities, as well as improve the efficiency of land use alongside Line 1. The preparation phase for the extension Line 1 started with the compilation of a feasibility study on November 4, 2007.

Line 2
Main article: Line 2 (Xi'an Metro)
Yongningmen Station

Line 2 opened on 16 September 2011. This line is 26.715 km (17 mi)[9] long with 21 stations.[11]

Line 3
Main article: Line 3 (Xi'an Metro)

Construction of Xi'an Metro's Line 3 broke ground in May 2011,[12] began public trial testing on September 20, 2016, and was opened at November 8, 2016. The line is currently 39.15 km (24.33 mi) long with 26 stations. When Phase 2 (still under planning) opens, the line will be 50.5 km (31.4 mi) long and with 31 stations.

Line 4
Main article: Line 4 (Xi'an Metro)

Construction of test section of Line 4 of Xi'an Metro started in late 2012.

Line 4 started service on December 26, 2018.[13][14][15]

Airport Intercity Railway
Main article: Airport intercity railway (Xi'an)

Airport Intercity Railway opened on September 29, 2019.[16] It is 29.31 km[10] with 10 stations.

In 2021, the line will be extended to Heshaocun.[17] The extension is known as Line 14. The extension is 13.65 km with 8 stations.[18][17]

Future Development

On June 12, 2019, the NDRC approved the Phase III (2018-2024) Construction Plan of Xi'an Metro. The plan includes Line 1 (Phase 3), Line 2 (Phase 2), Line 8, Line 10 (Phase 1), Line 14, Line 15 (Phase 1), Line 16 (Phase 1). The total length of Xi'an Metro will be 423 kilometres (263 mi) in 2024.[19]

Planned operation time
Construction since
Line
Phase/Section
Terminals
Length
in km
Stations
Reference
2020 2016  5  Phase I & II Xi'andongzhan Chuangxingang 45.5 34 [20]
2016  6  Phase I Xi'annanzhan Xibeigongyedaxue[21] 20.1 15 [22]
2017  9  Fangzhicheng Qinlingxi[21] 25.3 15 [23]
2021 2019  14  Beikezhan (Beiguangchang) Heshaocun 13.65[18] 8 [18][24]
2022 2017  6  Phase II Xibeigongyedaxue[21] Fangzhicheng 19.8 16 [25][26]
2019  1  Phase III Qindu Fenghesenlingongyuan 10.5 7 [19]
 2  Phase II (Northern extension) Caotanbei Beikezhan 3.505[27] 2 [27]
 2  Phase II (Southern extension) Weiqunan Changning 3.417[27] 2 [27]
2023 2019  16  Phase I Fengdongxiaozhen Nengyuansanlu 15.03[28] 9[28] [28]
2024 2019  8  Loop Line 49.89[27] 37[27] [27]
 10  Phase I Yangjiazhuang Shuijinggongyuan 34.6 15 [19]
TBA Planned  15  Phase I Xiliu Hanjiawan 19 11 [19]

Accidents

On 2 August 2009, 9:20am, a cave-in at the Sajinqiao section of Line 1 trapped migrant workers under 10 cubic meters of earth for over three hours, hospitalizing at least two who later died at the hospital.

On 26 May 2009, an individual suffered minor injuries from a fire during infrastructure work on Line 1.

On 30 December 2008, a fire occurred that was extinguished within an hour; all workers evacuated safely. Just 66 hours later, on 2 January, another fire occurred at another station on Line 2.[29]

See also
  • List of rapid transit systems

References
  1. "2018年统计报告".
  2. 王瑜 (2019-03-10). "3月8日西安地铁客流再创历史新高 单日客流首次突破300万大关" (in Chinese). 西部网. Retrieved 2019-03-13.
  3. 西安地铁二号线开通 西安迈入"地铁时代" [Xi'an Metro line brings Xi'an into the "metro era"]. China National Radio (in Chinese). Beijing. September 16, 2006.
  4. "Xi'an: Ancient City Gets Own Metro System". China.org.cn. September 29, 2006.
  5. "Xi'an Subway Line 2 to begin trial runs on September 28". Global Times. June 29, 2011. Archived from the original on October 16, 2012.
  6. "Xian: the Building of Subway to Start This Year". Travel China Guide. September 14, 2006. Archived from the original on January 3, 2014.
  7. "国家发展改革委关于西安市城市轨道交通第三期建设规划（2018-2024年）的批复". 2019-06-12. Retrieved 2019-07-02.
  8. "西安市地铁一号线三期工程（秦都站～森林公园）环境影响报告书（征求意见稿）". 西安地铁官方网站. 2019-10-08. Retrieved 2019-10-08.
  9. "西安市地铁二号线二期工程（常宁～韦曲南、北客站～草滩北）环境影响报告书（征求意见稿）". 西安地铁官方网站. 2019-10-08. Retrieved 2019-10-08.
  10. "机场城际近日即将开通运营 全程需33分钟单程票价16元". 2019-09-23.
  11. 市政府召开西安地铁开通试运营新闻发布会. 2011-09-16. Archived from the original on November 14, 2011. Retrieved 2012-10-03.
  12. "Xi'an Subway Line 3 Breaks New Ground". eChinacities.com. May 19, 2011.
  13. http://o4g.xiancity.cn/system/2018/12/25/030623950.shtml
  14. "西安地铁4号线获批建设 与2号线构成南北向客流"双走廊"". wmxa.cn. May 6, 2014.
  15. 西安地铁四号线昨开始盾构 从南到北共设29站 新浪陕西
  16. "快讯！西安北至机场城际轨道9月29日通车试运营". 2019-09-27.
  17. "西安地铁8号线14号线年内开工 实现"六线齐发 九线共建"". 2019-02-16.
  18. "『西安』地铁14号线工程（北客站～贺韶村） 环境影响报告书公示". 2019-08-15.
  19. "国家发展改革委关于西安市城市轨道交通第三期建设规划（2018-2024年）的批复". 2019-06-12. Retrieved 2019-07-02.
  20. "存档副本". Archived from the original on 2015-12-22. Retrieved 2015-12-16.
  21. "关于西安地铁五号线一期、六号线、九号线车站和车辆基地命名方案的通告". 2019-10-18.
  22. "地铁六号线一期工程". 2016-03-28.
  23. "地铁临潼线（9号线）一期工程". 2017-01-09.
  24. "西安地铁8号线14号线年内开工 实现"六线齐发 九线共建"". 2019-02-16.
  25. "西安市城市轨道交通第二期建设规划调整方案（2013~2021年）获批复". 2016-02-23.
  26. "地铁六号线二期工程". 2016-10-12.
  27. "西安地铁2号线二期、8号线今日正式开工". 2019-10-31.
  28. "西安地铁16号线一期工程正式启动". 2019-12-13.
  29. "Subway Collapse Kills Two in Xi'an". CRIENGLISH.com. China Radio International. August 3, 2009.
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