Vehicle registration plates of Ohio

The U.S. state of Ohio first required its residents to register their motor vehicles and display license plates in 1908, although several cities within the state issued their own license plates from as early as 1902.

Ohio
Current series
NameOhio Pride[1]
SlogansBirthplace of Aviation
(46 total)
Size12 in × 6 in
30 cm × 15 cm
MaterialAluminum
Serial formatABC 1234
IntroducedApril 15, 2013 (2013-04-15)[2]
DesignerAaron Roberts[3]
Availability
Issued byOhio Department of Public Safety, Bureau of Motor Vehicles
Manufactured byOhio Penal Industries
History
First issuedJuly 11, 1908 (1908-07-11)[4]

Plates are currently issued by the Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles (BMV), a division of the Ohio Department of Public Safety. Front and rear plates are required for most vehicle types, while only rear plates are required for vehicles such as motorcycles. (Beginning July 1, 2020, however, all vehicles will only require rear plates.[5]) All plates are manufactured by inmates at Ohio Penal Industries at the Lebanon Correctional Institution;[6][7] since 2015, they have been manufactured out of aluminum, having been made of galvanized steel beforehand.[8] The BMV issues a new license plate design about every five years,[9] or with each new administration in the state government.[10]

History

On May 19, 1902, Cleveland became one of the first cities in the country to require motorists to display government-issued registration numbers on their vehicles.[11][12] In the following years, various local governments in Ohio issued standard metal plates of varying design or numerals (to be mounted on a dark background), including:

In 1906, the state attempted to take over auto registration under the Ward Automobile Law, but litigation delayed the program until the Ohio Supreme Court ruled in favor of the law. The Ohio Secretary of State's Automobile Division, precursor to the Bureau of Motor Vehicles, was established in 1907.[13] The Ward Law went into effect on June 11, 1908, but the Automobile Division did not begin issuing plates for another 30 days due to a manufacturing defect.[4] The first state vehicle registration was issued to Cincinnati resident Thomas B. Paxton, Jr., for his Franklin automobile.[14] Locally issued and owner-provided license plates were phased out by 1909 for automobiles,[12] but local plates continued to be used for motorcycles until 1914.[4] One effect of the Ward Law was to eliminate a significant revenue stream for cities like Cincinnati, which took in about $5,000 a year (equivalent to $142,000 today) from auto registrations.[15]

Various Ohio license plate designs from 1908 to 1921 used distinctive monograms instead of a fully spelled-out state name.[14]

Passenger plates have always been issued in pairs with the exception of 1944–46, when only rear plates were issued due to metal conservation for World War II. Like many other states, Ohio issued single-year plates until the 1970s, except in 1943 and 1952 when windshield stickers were issued to revalidate the previous year's plates (due to metal conservation for World War II and the Korean War respectively). In 1953, the Bureau of Motor Vehicles commemorated the state's sesquicentennial by issuing a special front plate bearing the state shape and the word "sesqui-centennial" [sic] instead of the passenger serial, which was carried only on the rear plate. The 1973 plate was the last single-year plate; the 1974 plate was revalidated for 1975 with a sticker placed at the bottom right corner. The first undated, multi-year plate was issued in 1976, while monthly staggered registration was introduced in 1979.[14]

A golf cart in Put-in-Bay displaying an Ohio Bicentennial passenger plate.

From 1935 through 1979, serials were allocated in blocks to each of the state's 88 counties. Serials were originally up to five characters in length and featured one or two letters. Increased demand resulted in the introduction of six-character serials in 1949, followed by all-numeric serials in 1962. The scheme was finally abandoned in 1980.[16]

In 1956, the United States, Canada, and Mexico came to an agreement with the American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators, the Automobile Manufacturers Association and the National Safety Council that standardized the size for license plates for vehicles (except those for motorcycles) at 6 inches (15 cm) in height by 12 inches (30 cm) in width, with standardized mounting holes.[17] The 1956 (dated 1957) issue was the first Ohio license plate that fully complied with these standards: the state had been issuing plates 6 inches in height by 12 inches in width since 1926, and all plates of the 1952 (dated 1953) and 1955 (dated 1956) issues were to these dimensions, but none had had standard mounting holes.[18]

In 1967, the state began issuing special plates to DUI offenders with limited driving privileges. Judges in Ohio, however, rarely issued them until a 2004 state law made it mandatory for all DUI offenders with limited driving privileges to have them.[19]

Since 1983, plates have carried the county of issuance on a sticker. Originally, this was a long sticker centered at the bottom of the plate, displaying the county name.[2] In 1992, the state introduced a numerical county-coding scheme (see the County Coding section below), with the county number being displayed on a red sticker at the bottom left corner of the plate; this scheme was initially used only on specialty plates before being adopted on standard passenger plates when the Bicentennial base was introduced in October 2001.[7] The scheme was discontinued on standard passenger plates in 2018 in favor of a return to county-name stickers, again centered at the bottom of the plate.[2]

Beginning July 1, 2020, Ohio will no longer require front license plates. This was part of a two-year state transportation budget bill signed by Governor Mike DeWine on April 3, 2019.[5]

Passenger baseplates

1908 to 1973
Image Dates issued Design Slogan Serial format Serials issued Notes
1908–09 White serial on dark blue porcelain plate; "OH" monogram at right none 12345 1 to approximately 23500
1910 White serial on woodgrain-coloured porcelain plate; vertical "OHIO" and "1910" at left and right respectively none 12345 1 to approximately 33000
1911 Black serial on white porcelain plate; vertical "OHIO" and "1911" at left and right respectively none 12345 1 to approximately 46000
1912 Forest green serial on white flat metal plate; vertical "OHIO" and "1912" at left and right respectively none 12345 1 to approximately 63000
1913 Maroon serial on white flat metal plate; vertical "OHIO" and "1913" at left and right respectively none 12345 1 to approximately 86000
1914 Red serial on white flat metal plate; "OHIO" monogram and "1914" at left none 123456 1 to approximately 121000
1915 Black serial on white flat metal plate; "OHIO" monogram and "1915" at left none 123456 1 to approximately 181000
1916 White serial on black flat metal plate; "OHIO 1916" at left none 123456 1 to approximately 245000
1917 Black serial on yellow flat metal plate; vertical "OHIO" and "1917" at left and right respectively none 123456 1 to approximately 342000
1918 Embossed white serial on dark green plate; "OHIO" monogram and "1918" at right none 123456 1 to approximately 412000 First embossed plate.
1919 Embossed white serial on maroon plate; "OHIO" monogram and "1919" at left none 123456 1 to approximately 509000
1920 Embossed white serial on dark blue plate; "OHIO" monogram at left and "19" over "20" at right none 123456 1 to approximately 527000
1921 Embossed white serial on forest green plate; "OHIO" monogram at left and "19" over "21" at right none 123456 1 to approximately 618000
1922 Embossed dark blue serial on white plate; "OHIO-1922" centered at bottom none 123.456 1 to approximately 714.000
1923 Embossed red serial on gray plate; "OHIO-1923" centered at bottom none 123.456 1 to approximately 927.000
1924 Embossed white serial on dark blue plate; "OHIO-1924" centered at bottom none 123-456 1 to 999-999
★12-345 ★1 to approximately ★59-000
1925 Embossed black serial on cream plate; "OHIO-1925" centered at bottom none 123-456
★12-345
1926 Embossed white serial on brown plate; "OHIO-1926" centered at bottom none 123-456
★12-345
A12-345
1927 Embossed black serial on gray plate; "OHIO-1927" centered at bottom none 123-456
★12-345
A12-345
1928 Embossed white serial on dark blue plate; "OHIO-1928" centered at bottom none 123-456
★12-345
A12-345
1929 Embossed black serial on light green plate; "OHIO-1929" centered at bottom none 123-456
A12-345
1930 Embossed white serial on maroon plate; "OHIO-1930" centered at bottom none 123-456
A12-345
1931 Embossed black serial on gray plate; "OHIO-1931" centered at bottom none 123-456
A12-345
1932 Embossed white serial on dark blue plate; "OHIO-1932" centered at bottom none 123-456
A12-345
1933 Embossed black serial on orange plate; "OHIO-1933" centered at top none 123-456
A12-345
1934 Embossed white serial on maroon plate; "OHIO-1934" centered at bottom none 123-456
A12-345
1935 Embossed yellow serial on dark blue plate with border line; "OHIO - 1935" centered at bottom none A·1234
AB·123
1234·A
123·AB
A·123·B		 Issued in blocks by county
1936 Embossed blue serial on white plate with border line; "OHIO - 1936" centered at bottom none A·1234
AB·123
1234·A
123·AB
A·123·B		 Issued in blocks by county
1937 Embossed maroon serial on white plate with border line; "OHIO - 1937" centered at bottom none A·1234
AB·123
1234·A
123·AB
A·123·B		 Issued in blocks by county
1938 Embossed black serial on white plate with border line; embossed covered wagon graphic centered at bottom; "OHIO·38" at bottom right[20] "150 ANNIV·
N·W·TERR·" at bottom left		 A·1234
AB·123
1234·A
123·AB
A·123·B		 Issued in blocks by county Commemorated the 150th anniversary of the creation of the Northwest Territory, from which the state of Ohio was formed.
1939 Embossed blue serial on white plate with border line; "OHIO - 1939" centered at bottom none A·1234
AB·123
1234·A
123·AB
A·123·B		 Issued in blocks by county
1940 Embossed white serial on dark blue plate with border line; "OHIO - 1940" centered at bottom none A·1234
AB·123
1234·A
123·AB
A·123·B		 Issued in blocks by county
1941 Embossed white serial on maroon plate with border line; "OHIO - 1941" centered at bottom none A·1234
AB·123
1234·A
123·AB
A·123·B		 Issued in blocks by county
1942–43 Embossed dark green serial on white plate with border line; "OHIO - 1942" centered at bottom none A·1234
AB·123
1234·A
123·AB
A·123·B		 Issued in blocks by county Revalidated for 1943 with windshield stickers, due to metal conservation for World War II.
1944 Embossed white serial on dark blue plate with border line; "OHIO - 1944" centered at bottom none A·1234
AB·123
1234·A
123·AB
A·123·B		 Issued in blocks by county
1945 Embossed black serial on white plate with border line; "OHIO - 1945" centered at bottom none A·1234
AB·123
1234·A
123·AB
A·123·B		 Issued in blocks by county
1946 Embossed red serial on white plate with border line; "OHIO - 1946" centered at bottom none A·1234
AB·123
1234·A
123·AB
A·123·B		 Issued in blocks by county
1947 Embossed white serial on dark green plate with border line; "1947 - OHIO" centered at bottom none A·1234
AB·123
1234·A
123·AB
A·123·B		 Issued in blocks by county
1948 Embossed black serial on light yellow plate with border line; "OHIO - 1948" centered at bottom none A·1234
AB·123
1234·A
123·AB
A·123·B		 Issued in blocks by county
1949 Embossed light yellow serial on waffle-textured black plate with border line; "1949 - OHIO" centered at bottom none A·12345
AB·1234
12345·A
1234·AB
A·1234·B		 Issued in blocks by county
1950 Embossed black serial on waffle-textured yellow plate with border line; "OHIO - 1950" centered at bottom none A·12345
AB·1234
12345·A
1234·AB
A·1234·B		 Issued in blocks by county
1951–52 Embossed white serial on dark blue plate with border line; "1951 - OHIO" centered at bottom none A·12345
AB·1234
12345·A
1234·AB
A·1234·B		 Issued in blocks by county Revalidated for 1952 with windshield stickers, due to metal conservation for the Korean War.
1953 Embossed yellow serial on dark green plate with border line; "1803 - OHIO - 1953" at bottom none A·12345
AB·1234
12345·A
1234·AB
A·1234·B		 Issued in blocks by county Commemorated Ohio's 150 years of statehood.
1954 Embossed white serial on maroon plate with border line; "OHIO - 1954" centered at bottom none A·12345
AB·1234
12345·A
1234·AB
A·1234·B		 Issued in blocks by county
1955 Embossed white serial on dark blue plate with border line; "1955 - OHIO" centered at bottom none A·12345
AB·1234
12345·A
1234·AB
A·1234·B		 Issued in blocks by county
1956 Embossed white serial on dark green plate with border line; "OHIO - 1956" centered at bottom none A·12345
AB·1234
12345·A
1234·AB
A·1234·B		 Issued in blocks by county
1957 Embossed white serial on maroon plate with border line; "1957 - OHIO" centered at bottom none A·12345
AB·1234
12345·A
1234·AB
A·1234·B		 Issued in blocks by county
1958 Embossed white serial on dark blue plate with border line; "OHIO - 1958" centered at bottom none A·12345
AB·1234
12345·A
1234·AB
A·1234·B		 Issued in blocks by county
1959 Embossed red serial on white plate with border line; "1959 - OHIO" centered at bottom none A·12345
AB·1234
12345·A
1234·AB
A·1234·B		 Issued in blocks by county
1960 Embossed blue serial on yellow plate with border line; "OHIO - 1960" centered at bottom none A·12345
AB·1234
12345·A
1234·AB
A·1234·B		 Issued in blocks by county
1961 Embossed white serial on green plate with border line; "1961 - OHIO" centered at bottom none A·12345
AB·1234
12345·A
1234·AB
A·1234·B		 Issued in blocks by county
1962 Embossed white serial on maroon plate with border line; "OHIO - 1962" centered at bottom none 12345
A·12345
AB·1234
12345·A
1234·AB
A·1234·B		 Issued in blocks by county
1963 Embossed white serial on dark blue plate with border line; "1963 - OHIO" centered at bottom none 12345
A·12345
AB·1234
12345·A
1234·AB
A·1234·B		 Issued in blocks by county
1964 Embossed white serial on dark green plate with border line; "OHIO - 1964" centered at bottom none 12345
A·12345
AB·1234
12345·A
1234·AB
A·1234·B		 Issued in blocks by county
1965 Embossed red serial on white plate with border line; "1965 - OHIO" centered at bottom none 12345
A·12345
AB·1234
12345·A
1234·AB
A·1234·B		 Issued in blocks by county
1966 Embossed white serial on red plate with border line; "OHIO 1966" centered at bottom none 12345
A 12345
AB 1234
12345 A
1234 AB
A 1234 B		 Issued in blocks by county
1967 Embossed white serial on blue plate with border line; "67 OHIO" centered at bottom none 12345
A 12345
AB 1234
12345 A
1234 AB
A 1234 B		 Issued in blocks by county Over 1.4 million plates on this base were destroyed in a fire at the plate shop at the Lebanon Correctional Institution in November 1966; replacement plates were manufactured in New York, Arkansas and Nebraska using these states' serial dies.[21]
1968 Embossed red serial on white plate with border line; "OHIO 68" centered at bottom none 12345
A 12345
AB 1234
12345 A
1234 AB
A 1234 B		 Issued in blocks by county Most plates manufactured in New York, using that state's serial dies, while the Lebanon plate shop was being repaired.
1969 Embossed blue serial on white plate with border line; "69 OHIO" centered at bottom none 12345
A 12345
AB 1234
12345 A
1234 AB
A 1234 B		 Issued in blocks by county Some plates manufactured in New York, using that state's serial dies. Full manufacturing capacity at the Lebanon plate shop was restored by 1970.
1970 Embossed scarlet serial on gray plate with border line; "OHIO 70" centered at bottom none 12345
A 12345
AB 1234
12345 A
1234 AB
A 1234 B		 Issued in blocks by county Issued in the colors of Ohio State University, in honor of its centennial.
1971 Embossed black serial on yellow plate with border line; "71 OHIO" centered at bottom none 12345
A 12345
AB 1234
12345 A
1234 AB
A 1234 B		 Issued in blocks by county
1972 Embossed yellow serial on dark blue plate with border line; "OHIO 72" centered at bottom none 12345
A 12345
AB 1234
12345 A
1234 AB
A 1234 B		 Issued in blocks by county
1973 Embossed white serial on green plate with border line; "73 OHIO" centered at bottom "SEAT BELTS FASTENED?" at top 12345
A 12345
AB 1234
12345 A
1234 AB
A 1234 B		 Issued in blocks by county

1974 to present

All Ohio passenger plates issued since August 1996 are valid for display today, provided they have been continuously registered.

Image Dates issued Design Slogan Serial format Serials issued Notes
1974–75 Embossed green serial on reflective white plate with border line; "OHIO 74" centered at bottom "SEAT BELTS FASTENED?" at top 123456
A 12345
AB 1234
12345 A
1234 AB
A 1234 B		 Issued in blocks by county Revalidated for 1975 with stickers.
1976–79 Embossed red serial on reflective white plate with border line; "OHIO" centered at bottom none 123456
A 12345
AB 1234
12345 A
1234 AB
A 1234 B		 Issued in blocks by county
1980–84 Embossed blue serial with state-shaped separator on reflective white plate; "OHIO" centered at top none ABC•123 AAA•010 to approximately UFU•999 I and O used only as the second letter in serials; this practice continues today (except 2001–04). County sticker added at bottom of plate in 1983.[16]
1985 – December 1990 Embossed green serial with state-shaped separator on reflective white plate; "OHIO" centered at top none 123•ABC 010•AAA to approximately 999•YOZ
January 1991 – November 1995 Embossed blue serial with state-shaped separator on reflective white plate; "OHIO" screened in blue centered at top "the heart of it all!" screened in red between state name and serial ABC•123 AAA•010 to XEU•999
November 1995 –
July
1996		 XEV•010 to YZZ•999 Narrower serial dies. Both variants revalidated until 2002.
August 1996 –
mid-1997		 Embossed dark blue serial on reflective white and gold gradient plate; "OHIO" screened in dark blue centered at top "the heart of it all!" screened in red between state name and serial ABC 1234 AAA 1000 to approximately ARR 5900 Issued only to new registrants.
Mid-1997 – September 2001 "BIRTHPLACE OF AVIATION" screened in red between state name and serial ARR 5901 to approximately BIF 9999; CAA 1000 to approximately CVV 9999
October 2001 – February 2004 Dark blue on reflective white with Ohio Bicentennial Commission logo and red and blue bars Ohio Bicentennial;
Birthplace of Aviation		 AB12CD AA01AA to approximately FC99KV Issued to new registrants and as replacements for 1991–96 plates. Letters I and O not used in this serial format.[16]
February 2004 – November 30, 2010 "Sunburst": Dark blue on reflective white with state seal graphic and red and blue bars Birthplace of Aviation ABC 1234 DAA 1000 to EQZ 9999; EUJ 1000 to FAK 9999 Issued concurrently with the "Beautiful Ohio" base (below) from November 23, 2009.
November 23, 2009 – April 14, 2013 "Beautiful Ohio": Dark blue on rolling hills with farm, distant skyline, and airborne biplane Beautiful Ohio;
Birthplace of Aviation		 ABC 1234 ERA 1000 to EUH 9999; FAL 1000 to FVZ 9999 Originally issued as a no-cost alternative to the "Sunburst" base, before replacing it as the standard base on December 1, 2010. With elements designed by Frances Strickland,[20] the plate has been described as "a bucolic affair", in contrast to the later "Ohio Pride" plate.[10]
April 15, 2013 – present "Ohio Pride": Word cloud background and red triangle resembling an airplane wing Birthplace of Aviation;
DiscoverOhio.com;
46 "slogans" total, including facts and famous names[1]		 ABC 1234 FWA 1000 to JBW 7734 (as of June 13, 2020) Current standard license plate. Remaining "Beautiful Ohio" plates melted and recycled into this design so that materials were not wasted. "Ohio Pride" was designed by Aaron Roberts[3] and chosen among four concept drawings put forward by the CCAD Design Group. The design was noted for its simplicity but also criticized for poor legibility.[10] The plate was introduced as part of a coordinated branding campaign that also included a matching driver's license design.[22]

Alternative passenger plates
Image Dates issued Design Slogan Serial format Serials issued Notes
1967–present Red on yellow none 123456
1234567		 For DUI offenders with limited driving privileges. Issued since 1967 but rarely used before the plate became mandated on all DUI offenders in 2004.

Ohio state law authorizes the Bureau of Motor Vehicles to issue a number of specialty passenger plates, as defined in Ohio Rev. Code chapter 4503, sections 4 and 5.

Renewal stickers
Designs of tax and renewal stickers used from 1968 to 1991
Designs of renewal stickers used since 1991

Non-passenger plates
Image Type Dates issued Design Serial format Serials issued Notes
Apportioned 2013–present As "Ohio Pride" passenger base, with "APPORTIONED" at bottom PBC 1234 PVW 1000 to PWF 6115 (as of July 13, 2019)
Commercial Trailer 2013–present As "Ohio Pride" passenger base, with "TRAILER" at bottom TBC 1234 TQE 1000 to TRP 2076 (as of June 7, 2020)
Motorcycle 2004–10 Similar to "Sunburst" passenger base 12ABC 01HHA to 99QOZ; 01RXD to 99TID 'Z' series used on Veteran Motorcycle plates.
2009–13 Similar to "Beautiful Ohio" passenger base 01QPA to 99RXC; 01TIE to approximately 99VVL
2013–15 Similar to "Ohio Pride" passenger base 01WAA to 99YZZ
2015–present ABC12 AAA01 to FIJ24 (as of June 13, 2020)
Non-Commercial Trailer 2013–present As "Ohio Pride" passenger base SBC 1234 SUE 1000 to SYL 6390 (as of April 22, 2020)
Truck 2004–10 As "Sunburst" passenger base, but with "TRUCK" in place of blue band at bottom PBC 1234 PEP 1000 to PGQ 9999; PGV 7000 to PHF 9999
2009–13 As "Beautiful Ohio" passenger base, but with "TRUCK" in place of graphics at bottom PGR 1000 to PGV 6999; PHG 1000 to PIA 9999
2013–present As "Ohio Pride" passenger base, with "TRUCK" at bottom PIC 1000 to PLB 1610 (as of June 5, 2020)

From 1976 until 1996, license plates for pickup trucks and other light truck-related vehicles (SUVs and conversion vans aside) were issued truck plates that said "Non Comm" (for "non-commercial truck") while semi-trucks were issued plates that said "Commercial". Since 1996, however, the more consumer-oriented truck plates now say "Truck" instead of "Non-Comm."

  • Church bus (1972)
  • House Vehicle (1973)

Temporary tags

Vehicles purchased from a dealership are given a 30-day or 45-day temporary tag. The paper tag is filled out by hand. Since March 2001, it has featured a hologram.[23][24] On a 2001-series temporary tag, the plate number is preprinted, while the expiration date and vehicle details are written in permanent marker.

  • 2002
  • 2010

County coding

In 1992, Ohio began using a numerical county-coding scheme to indicate the county of registration. The scheme assigns a two-digit number to each of the state's 88 counties in alphabetical order, beginning with 01 for Adams County and ending with 88 for Wyandot County. The scheme has been used on specialty plates since its introduction, and was also used on standard passenger plates from 2001 until 2018.

The county number is displayed on red stickers placed at the bottom left corner of both the front and rear plates. The stickers also display the county name, in small print below the number.

List of county numbers

Reserved series

On recent seven-character baseplates, the state has reserved certain letter series to be issued in coordination with specific car dealerships or leasing agencies.

SeriesAssigned to
FAC First Automotive Corp., Cincinnati
GLRGrand Leasing and Sales
GANGanley Automotive Lease
HONHonda
HOMHonda of Mentor
JAYJay Auto Group, Bedford
JSLJake Sweeney Leasing, Cincinnati
LASShaker Auto Leasing
LEXMetro Lexus
LXSMetro Lexus
MALMike Albert Resale Center and Leasing, Cincinnati
MBZMercedes-Benz
MCTMotorcars Toyota, Cleveland Heights
MCHMotorcars Honda, Cleveland Heights
METMetro Toyota, Cleveland
MGMMarshall Goldman Motors
MKBMKB Leasing, Marietta
MVPClassic Auto Group (Cleveland area/Northeast Ohio)
NONNissan of North Olmsted
SUNSunnyside, Cleveland
SSASunnyside Audi
SSHSunnyside Honda
SSTSunnyside Toyota
TOBToyota of Bedford
TOYToyota
VCJAdventure Chrysler Jeep, Willoughby
WINClassic Auto Group (Cleveland area/Northeast Ohio)
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

References
  1. "New Ohio Pride License Plate". Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles. 2012. Archived from the original on October 10, 2012. Retrieved August 15, 2012.
  2. Nicholson, David (June 15, 2013). "Ohio License Plates, 1969–present". 15q.net. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
  3. Luce, Lacey (November 28, 2011). "CCAD, Governor Unveil New Ohio License Plate Design". Columbus College of Art and Design. Archived from the original on September 22, 2012. Retrieved September 30, 2012.
  4. Taylor, Eric Robert (January 20, 2013). "Ohio Archive". PorcelainPlates.net. Retrieved September 9, 2013.
  5. Bischoff, Laura A. (April 3, 2019). "No more front license plate: Gov. DeWine signs bill doing away with it". Dayton Daily News. Retrieved July 9, 2019.
  6. ""Flat" License Plates Now Issued For Made-To-Order Plates" (Press release). Bureau of Motor Vehicles, Ohio Department of Public Safety. August 12, 2003. Archived from the original on December 2, 2003. Retrieved December 2, 2009.
  7. Pulfer, Mike (June 3, 2002). "Ask A Stupid Question". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Gannett Company. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
  8. Blackwell, Brandon (January 29, 2013). "Ohio license plate recall brings more questions than answers". The Plain Dealer. Advance Publications. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
  9. "Beautiful Ohio ousts sunburst as state plate". The Blade. Toledo, Ohio: Block Communications. June 7, 2010. Retrieved September 5, 2013.
  10. McNair, James (July 31, 2013). "Is Ohio's New License Plate the Worst or Just Bad?". Cincinnati CityBeat. SouthComm. Archived from the original on December 8, 2015. Retrieved September 5, 2013.
  11. Tanner, Eric N. "Ohio License Plates - Prestate City/County". allaboutlicenseplates.com. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  12. Raiche, Steve. "Old Ohio License Plates". LeatherLicensePlates.com. Retrieved May 21, 2017.
  13. "ODPS Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles History". Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
  14. Ohio BMV Chronological History 1908-2010 (PDF). Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles. 2011. Retrieved September 9, 2013.
  15. "Minor Mention". The Horseless Age. Horseless Age Company. 21: 617. May 20, 1908. Under the new Ward automobile law, which has recently passed into effect in Ohio, the cities cannot license automobiles, and lose thereby a substantial income, Cincinnati, for instance, about $5,000 a year.
  16. Tanner, Eric N. "Ohio License Plates - Home". allaboutlicenseplates.com. Retrieved May 21, 2017.
  17. Garrish, Christopher (October 2016). "Reconsidering the Standard Plate Size". Plates. Vol. 62 no. 5. Automobile License Plate Collectors Association.
  18. Tanner, Eric N. "Ohio License Plates - Sizes". allaboutlicenseplates.com. Retrieved May 21, 2017.
  19. Shaw, Stephen. "Ohio's DUI Scarlet Letter Plates". ABC DUI Online. Shaw Education Development. Retrieved May 13, 2015.
  20. Blundo, Joe (June 7, 2010). "LUV IT or H8 IT". The Columbus Dispatch. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
  21. "Ohio BMV Chronological History 1908-2015" (PDF). Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles. 2014. p. 14. Retrieved February 23, 2016.
  22. Nash, James (May 17, 2009). "'Beautiful Ohio' plates shelved". The Columbus Dispatch. Retrieved September 8, 2013.
  23. "Issuing Requirements". Dealer Licensing Division, Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles. 2009-12-01. Archived from the original on 2010-07-19. Retrieved 2010-09-19.
  24. "ODPS Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles History". Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles. Archived from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2010-09-19.
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