Lepanto-Bontoc

Province of Lepanto-Bontoc
Province of Lepanto-Bontoc
	Former province
	1902–1908
Capital	Cervantes
Historical era	American colonial period
• Established	May 28 1902
• Disestablished	August 18 1908
	Succeeded by
Mountain Province
Today part of	Philippines

Lepanto-Bontoc was a short-lived province of the Philippines, existing from 1902 to 1908. The province encompassed much of the central section of the Cordillera mountains in Luzon. Its capital was Cervantes, in the sub-province of Lepanto.[1]

Prior to its incorporation into the Mountain Province in 1908, its territory consisted of:

the sub-province of Amburayan (capital: Alilem, 1902–1907; Tagudin, 1907–1920), encompassing most of the Amburayan River basin
the sub-province of Bontoc (capital: Bontoc, encompassing the upper portions of the Chico and Siffu river basins
the sub-province of Kalinga (capital: Tabuc), encompassing the lower portions of the Chico River basin south of Tuao in Cagayan, and
the sub-province of Lepanto (capital: Cervantes), encompassing most of the upper Tineg (Abra) River basin.

The territory of Lepanto-Bontoc is now divided between the present-day provinces of:

Benguet (municipalities of Bakun and Mankayan)
Ilocos Sur (municipalities of Alilem, Cervantes, Gregorio del Pilar, Quirino, San Emilio, Sigay, Sugpon, Suyo and Tagudin)
Kalinga
La Union (municipalities of San Gabriel, Santol and Sudipen)
Mountain Province

History

Lepanto-Bontoc was created on May 28, 1902 through Act No. 410 of the Philippine Commission.[1] Included in the new province's territory were the Spanish-era comandancias of Amburayan, Bontoc and Lepanto, which became its three component sub-provinces.[1] By virtue of the same law, the comandancia of Bontoc, upon its conversion into a sub-province, annexed all unassigned territories to its north which lay between the eastern boundaries of Abra and western boundaries of Cagayan.[1] This territory, corresponding to the lower Chico River basin, was later organized into the sub-province of Kalinga through Act No. 1642, enacted on May 9, 1907.[2]

The province was slightly enlarged when Tagudin, the coastal town at the mouth of the Amburayan River, was detached from Ilocos Sur and made the capital of the sub-province of Amburayan on May 15, 1907 by virtue of Act No. 1646 of the Philippine Commission.[3]

On August 18, 1908 the Philippine Legislature annexed all four of Lepanto-Bontoc's sub-provinces to the Mountain Province through Act No. 1876, effectively ending its existence as a province.[4]

References

United States Philippine Commission (1902). Public Laws and Resolutions Passed by the United States Philippine Commission (Book digitized by Google from the library of Harvard University and uploaded to the Internet Archive on 20 Oct 2008)). U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 347–349. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
United States Philippine Commission (1907). Acts of the Philippine Commission, nos. 1539–1800, inclusive (Book digitized by Google from the library of Harvard University and uploaded to the Internet Archive on 21 June 2009)). U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 149–151. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
United States Philippine Commission (1907). Acts of the Philippine Commission, nos. 1539–1800, inclusive (Book digitized by Google from the library of Harvard University and uploaded to the Internet Archive on 21 June 2009)). U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 158–160. Retrieved 2 February 2017.
Philippine Legislature (1909). Acts of the First Philippine Legislature, nos. 1801–1878, inclusive (Book digitized by Google from the library of Harvard University and uploaded to the Internet Archive on 21 June 2009)). U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 137–141. Retrieved 1 February 2017.

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[act410-1] United States Philippine Commission (1902). Public Laws and Resolutions Passed by the United States Philippine Commission (Book digitized by Google from the library of Harvard University and uploaded to the Internet Archive on 20 Oct 2008)). U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 347–349. Retrieved 1 February 2017.

[act1642-2] United States Philippine Commission (1907). Acts of the Philippine Commission, nos. 1539–1800, inclusive (Book digitized by Google from the library of Harvard University and uploaded to the Internet Archive on 21 June 2009)). U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 149–151. Retrieved 1 February 2017.

[act1646-3] United States Philippine Commission (1907). Acts of the Philippine Commission, nos. 1539–1800, inclusive (Book digitized by Google from the library of Harvard University and uploaded to the Internet Archive on 21 June 2009)). U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 158–160. Retrieved 2 February 2017.

[act1876-4] Philippine Legislature (1909). Acts of the First Philippine Legislature, nos. 1801–1878, inclusive (Book digitized by Google from the library of Harvard University and uploaded to the Internet Archive on 21 June 2009)). U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 137–141. Retrieved 1 February 2017.

Former Philippine provinces, sub-provinces, and cities
Provinces	Agusan Ambos Camarines Cotabato Davao Ilocos Kalinga-Apayao Lanao Lepanto-Bontoc Manila Mindoro Misamis Moro Province Morong Negros Negros del Norte Samar Shariff Kabunsuan Surigao Zamboanga
Sub-provinces^*	Abra (1905–1917)¹ Amburayan (1902–1920)² Apayao (1907–1995)¹ Aurora (1951–1979)¹ Batanes (1907–1909)¹ Benguet (1908–1966)¹ Biliran (1959–1992)¹ Bontoc (1902–1966)³ Bukidnon (1907–1914)¹ Butuan (1907–1914)⁴ Camiguin (1956–1966)¹ Catanduanes (1905–1945)¹ Guimaras (1966–1992)¹ Ifugao (1908–1966)¹ Kalinga (1907–1995)¹ Lepanto (1902–1920)² Marinduque (1907–1920)¹ Masbate (1906–1920)¹ Quirino (1966–1971)¹ Romblon (1907–1917)¹ Siquijor (1907–1971)¹
Cities	Basilan⁵ Jaro Greater Manila Legazpi⁶ Nueva Cáceres Nueva Segovia
^* All sub-provinces were temporarily abolished during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines (1942–1945). ¹ Converted to full-fledged province. ² Dissolved and divided between neighboring (sub-)provinces. ³ Became the only sub-province left comprising Mountain Province in 1966, and therefore assumed the name of the mother province. ⁴ Became the only sub-province left comprising Agusan in 1914, and therefore assumed the name of the mother province. ⁵ Delimited to the downtown area of present-day Isabela City in 1973; dissolved in 1975. ⁶ Legazpi City from 1948 to 1954 consisted of the present-day territories of Legazpi City and Daraga; this city was dissolved in 1954 into its two former constituent municipalities. Legazpi became a city on its own in 1959.