Lehali language
Lehali (previously known as Teqel) is a Oceanic language spoken by about 200 people, on the west coast of Ureparapara Island in Vanuatu.[1] It is distinct from Löyöp, the language spoken on the east coast of the same island.
| Lehali | |
|---|---|
| Loli | |
| Native to | Vanuatu |
| Region | Ureparapara |
Native speakers | 200 (2010)[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | tql |
| Glottolog | leha1243[2] |
Phonology
Lehali has 10 phonemic vowels. These are all short monophthongs /i ɪ ɛ æ ə a ɒ̝ ɔ ʊ u/:[4]
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |
| Near-close | ɪ | ʊ | |
| Mid | ə | ||
| Open-mid | ɛ | ɔ | |
| Near-open | æ | ɒ̝ | |
| Open | a | ||
Grammar
The system of personal pronouns in Lehali contrasts clusivity, and distinguishes four numbers (singular, dual, trial, plural).[5]
Spatial reference in Lehali is based on a system of geocentric (absolute) directionals, which is in part typical of Oceanic languages, and yet innovative.[6]
References
- List of Banks islands languages.
- Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Lehali". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- A rough translation can be found in the comments to the Youtube version of this video.
- François 2011, p. 194.
- François 2016.
- François 2015, pp. 175–176.
Bibliography
- François, Alexandre (2011). "Social ecology and language history in the northern Vanuatu linkage: A tale of divergence and convergence" (PDF). Journal of Historical Linguistics. 1 (2): 175–246. doi:10.1075/jhl.1.2.03fra..
- —— (2012). "The dynamics of linguistic diversity: Egalitarian multilingualism and power imbalance among northern Vanuatu languages" (PDF). International Journal of the Sociology of Language. 214 (214): 85–110. doi:10.1515/ijsl-2012-0022.
- —— (2015). "The ins and outs of up and down: Disentangling the nine geocentric space systems of Torres and Banks languages" (PDF). In Alexandre François; Sébastien Lacrampe; Michael Franjieh; Stefan Schnell (eds.). The languages of Vanuatu: Unity and diversity. Studies in the Languages of Island Melanesia. Canberra: Asia-Pacific Linguistics. pp. 137–195. ISBN 978-1-922185-23-5.
- —— (2016). "The historical morphology of personal pronouns in northern Vanuatu" (PDF). In Pozdniakov, Konstantin (ed.). Comparatisme et reconstruction : tendances actuelles. Faits de Langues. 47. Bern: Peter Lang. pp. 25–60.
External links
- Audio recordings in the Lehali language, in open access, by A. François (source: Pangloss Collection).
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| Indigenous languages (Southern Oceanic and Polynesian) |
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