Kosmos (rocket family)

The Kosmos (also spelled Cosmos, Russian: Ко́смос) rockets were a series of Soviet and subsequently Russian rockets, derived from the R-12 and R-14 missiles,[1][2] the best known of which is the Kosmos-3M, which has made over 440 launches. The Kosmos family contained a number of rockets, both carrier rockets and sounding rockets, for orbital and sub-orbital spaceflight respectively. The first variant, the Kosmos-2I, first flew on 27 October 1961. Over 700 Kosmos rockets have been launched overall.

Variants

Designation	GRAU index	Purpose	Derived from	Maiden flight	Final flight	Remarks
Kosmos [3]	63S1	Carrier rocket	R-12	27 October 1961	19 December 1967
Kosmos-1	65S3	Carrier rocket	R-14	18 August 1964	28 December 1965
Kosmos-2M	63S1M	Both	R-12
Kosmos-2I	11K63	Carrier rocket	R-12	24 May 1966	18 June 1977
Kosmos-3	11K65	Carrier rocket	R-14	16 November 1966	27 August 1968
Kosmos-3M	11K65M	Carrier rocket	R-14	15 May 1967	27 April 2010
Kosmos-3MR	65MR	Sounding rocket	R-14	1 January 1973		Active
Kosmos-3MP	65MP	Sounding rocket	R-14
Kosmos-3MRB	65MRB	Sounding rocket	R-14	5 December 1980	21 June 1988

References

Wade, Mark. "Kosmos 2". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 18 June 2012. Retrieved 25 October 2008.
Wade, Mark. "Kosmos 3". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 25 October 2008.
"Kosmos / Kosmos-2". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 22 June 2019.

Rocket families

Carrier rockets

China	Long March 1 2 3 4 5 6 11 Kuaizhou
France / ESA	Ariane Diamant Europa Vega
India	PSLV GSLV LVM3
Japan	Epsilon H-II / H-IIA / H-IIB Mu
Soviet Union / Russia	Angara Kosmos N1 Proton R-7 Molniya Soyuz Vostok Tsyklon Universal Rocket Zenit
United States	Antares Athena Atlas Delta Electron Falcon 1 9 Heavy Jupiter Minotaur Pegasus Saturn Scout Titan Thor
Other nations	Safir Shavit Unha

Sounding rockets

Missiles

Some families include both missiles and carrier rockets; they are listed in both groups.

Orbital launch systems
List of orbital launch systems Comparison of orbital launch systems
Current	Angara A5 Antares 230+ Ariane 5 Atlas V Delta IV Heavy Electron Epsilon Falcon 9 Block 5 Falcon Heavy GSLV Mk II Mk III H-IIA Hyperbola-1 Jielong 1 Kuaizhou 1 1A Kaituozhe 2 LauncherOne^† Long March 2C 2D 2F 3A 3B/E 3C 4B 4C 5 5B 6 7 7A^† 11 Minotaur I IV V C OS-M1^† Pegasus XL Proton-M PSLV Qased Safir Shavit Simorgh^† Soyuz-2 2.1a / STA 2.1b / STB 2-1v Unha Vega Zenit 3SL 3SLB 3F Zhuque-1^†
In development	Angara 1.2 Ariane 6 Bloostar Cyclone-4M Eris Firefly Alpha Beta H3 Hyperbola-2 Irtysh Kuaizhou 11 21 31 Long March 8 9 Miura 5 New Glenn New Line 1 Nuri OmegA OS-M2 OS-M4 Orbex Prime SLS Soyuz-7 SSLV Starship Terran 1 Vega C Vega E Vulcan Zero Zhuque-2
Retired	Al-Abid^† Antares 110/120/130/230 Ariane 1 2 3 4 ASLV Athena I II Atlas B D E/F G H I II III LV-3B SLV-3 Able Agena Centaur Black Arrow Conestoga^† Delta A B C D E G J L M N 0100 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 II III IV Diamant Dnepr Energia Europa^† Falcon 1 Falcon 9 v1.0 v1.1 v1.2 "Full Thrust" Feng Bao 1 GSLV Mk I H-I H-II H-IIB Juno I Juno II Kaituozhe-1 Kosmos 1 2I 3 3M Lambda 4S Long March 1 1D^† 2A 2E 3 3B 4A Mu 4S 3C 3H 3S 3SII V N1^† N-I N-II Naro-1 Paektusan Pilot-2^† R-7 Luna Molniya M L Polyot Soyuz original FG L M U U2 Soyuz/Vostok Sputnik Voskhod Vostok L K 2 2M R-29 Shtil' Volna^† Saturn I IB V Scout SLV Space Shuttle SPARK^† Sparta SS-520 Start-1 Thor Able Ablestar Agena Burner Delta DSV-2U Thorad-Agena Titan II GLV IIIA IIIB IIIC IIID IIIE 34D 23G CT-3 IV Tsyklon 2 3 4 Universal Rocket UR-500 Proton Proton-K Rokot Strela Vanguard VLS-1^† Zenit 2 2M
Classes	Sounding rocket Small-lift launch vehicle Medium-lift launch vehicle Heavy-lift launch vehicle Super heavy-lift launch vehicle
This Template lists historical, current, and future space rockets that at least once attempted (but not necessarily succeeded in) an orbital launch or that are planned to attempt such a launch in the future Symbol ^† indicates historical or current rockets that attempted orbital launches but did not ever succeed (never did or has performed a successful orbital launch)

Soviet, Russian, and Ukrainian launch vehicles
Active	Angara A5 Soyuz-2 2.1a 2.1b 2-1v UR Proton-M Zenit 3SL 3SLB 3F
In development	Angara 1.2 Cyclone-4M Irtysh Proton Light Medium Soyuz-7
Retired	Dnepr Energia Kosmos 1 2I 3 3M N1 R-7 Luna Molniya M L Polyot Soyuz original L M U U2 FG Soyuz/Vostok Sputnik Voskhod Vostok L K 2 2M R-29 Shtil' Volna Start-1 Tsyklon 2 3 4 UR UR-500 Proton-K Rokot Strela Zenit 2 2M

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Kosmos (rocket family)

Variants

See also

References