Kosmos-3
The Kosmos-3 (GRAU Index: 11K65,[1] also known as Cosmos-3) was a Soviet carrier rocket (Kosmos (rocket family)), derived from the R-14 missile, which was used to orbit satellites between 1966 and 1968. It was quickly replaced by the modernised Kosmos-3M. Six were flown, four as orbital carrier rockets, and two on sub-orbital flights. All launches occurred from Site 41/15 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome.
 | |
| Function | Carrier rocket |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer | Krasnoryarsk |
| Country of origin | Soviet Union |
| Size | |
| Height | 26.3 metres (86 ft) |
| Diameter | 2.4 metres (7.9 ft) |
| Mass | 107,500 kilograms (237,000 lb) |
| Stages | 2 |
| Capacity | |
| Payload to LEO | 1,400 kilograms (3,100 lb) |
| Launch history | |
| Status | Retired |
| Launch sites | Site 41/15, Baikonur |
| Total launches | 6 |
| Successes | 4 |
| Failures | 2 |
| First flight | 16 November 1966 |
| Last flight | 27 August 1968 |
| First stage – R-14 | |
| Engines | 1 RD-216 |
| Thrust | 1,740 kilonewtons (390,000 lbf) |
| Specific impulse | 292 sec |
| Burn time | 130 seconds |
| Fuel | HNO3/UDMH |
| Second stage – S3 | |
| Engines | 1 11D49 |
| Thrust | 156 kilonewtons (35,000 lbf) |
| Specific impulse | 303 sec |
| Burn time | 375 seconds |
| Fuel | HNO3/UDMH |
The Kosmos-3 made its maiden flight on 16 November 1966, carrying a Strela-2 satellite. Strela-2 satellites were flown on four flights, two of which failed. Two further, sub-orbital launches were conducted with VKZ payloads, both of which were successful.[1][2]
Launch history
| Date/Time (GMT)[1][3] | Payload[2] | Trajectory | Outcome | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16 November 1966, 13:00 | Strela-2 | LEO (planned) | Failure | Cause of failure unknown[1] |
| 24 March 1967, 11:50 | Kosmos 151 (Strela-2) | LEO | Success | |
| 12 October 1967, 14:15 | VKZ | Suborbital | Success | Apogee: 4,400 kilometres (2,700 mi)[3] |
| 28 March 1968 | VKZ | Suborbital | Success | Apogee: 4,000 kilometres (2,500 mi)[3] |
| 15 June 1968 | Strela-2 | LEO (planned) | Failure | Cause of failure unknown[1] |
| 27 August 1968, 11:29 | Kosmos 236 (Strela-2) | LEO | Success | |
References
- Wade, Mark. "Kosmos 3". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 25 October 2008.
- Krebs, Gunter. "Kosmos-3 (11K65)". Gunter's Space Page. Archived from the original on 11 April 2013. Retrieved 25 October 2008.
- McDowell, Jonathan. "R-14". Launch vehicles Database. Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 25 October 2008.
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