Futou

Futou (襆頭), also known as the wushamao (烏紗帽), is the headwear of Ming dynasty officials, consisting of a black hat with two wing-like flaps of thin, oval shaped boards on each side. According to the Da Ming Hui Dian (大明會典), ordinary citizens are not allowed to wear this headdress unless attending wedding ceremonies or events involving any noble families/officials. In modern China, wushamao is commonly used as a metaphor for officials and government posts.

  • Japan's Toyotomi Hideyoshi wearing a hat influenced by wushamao（烏紗帽）
  • Korea's Sim Hwan-ji wearing a hat influenced by osamo（烏紗帽）
  • Vietnam's Trần Danh Án wearing a "ô sa" hat influenced by wushamao （烏紗帽）
Ming dynasty portrait of officials wearing wushamao（烏紗帽）and robes with mandarin squares

See also


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