Asian conical hat

This style of hat is used primarily as protection from the sun and rain. When made of straw or matting, it can be dipped in water and worn as an impromptu evaporative-cooling device.[1] It is also widely understood in East Asia, most notably Japan, as a symbol of Buddhism, as it is traditionally worn by pilgrims and Buddhist monks in search of alms.

Spanish military uniforms in the Philippines in 1862 showing the salakot (right) worn as part of the traje de campaña (campaign uniform). This later evolved to the colonial pattern pith helmet via the British Empire in India.

Rice farmer in northern Cambodia wearing a do'un

In the Philippines, the salakot is more commonly a pointed dome-shape, rather than conical, with a spike or knob finial. Unlike most other mainland Asian conical hats, it is characterized by an inner headband in addition to a chinstrap. It can be made from various materials including bamboo, rattan, nito, bottle gourd, buri straw, nipa leaves, pandan leaves, and carabao horn. The plain type is typically worn by farmers, but nobles in the pre-colonial period (and later principalia in the Spanish period) crafted ornate variations with jewels, precious metals, or tortoiseshell. These are considered heirloom objects passed down from generation to generation within families.[2][3]

The salakot was also commonly worn by native soldiers in the Spanish colonial army. It was adopted by Spanish troops in the early 18th century as part of their campaign uniform. In doing so, it became the direct precursor of the pith helmet (still called salacot or salacco in Spanish and French).[4]

A decorative Assamese jaapi constructed primarily out of bamboo and leaf while the decorations are felt, threads and tin glitter

In Vietnam, the nón lá ("leaf hat") forms a perfect right circular cone which tapers smoothly from the base to the apex. Special conical hats in Vietnam contain colourful hand-stitch depictions or words while the Huế varieties are famous for their nón bài thơ (lit. poem conical hats). These contain random poetic verses and Hán tự which can be revealed when the hat is directed above one's head in the sunlight. In modern times, they have become part of Vietnam's national costume.[5]

In China, it was typically associated with farmers, while mandarins wore tighter circular caps, especially in the winter.[6]

Similarly in India and Borneo, the plain conical hat was worn by commoners during their daily work, but more decoratively-colored ones were used for festivities. In Sabah, the colorful conical hat is worn for certain dances while in Assam they are hung in homes as decoration or worn by the upper classes for special occasions.

A farmer in Bangladesh wearing a Mathal (মাথাল)

English terms for the hat include sedge hat, rice hat, paddy hat, bamboo hat and sometimes coolie hat.[7]

In Southeast Asia, it is known as do'un (ដួន) in Cambodia; caping in Indonesia; koup (ກຸບ) in Laos; terendak in Malaysia; khamauk (ခမောက်) in Myanmar; salakot, sarok, sadok, s'laong, hallidung, and tabungaw among other names in the Philippines; and nón lá in Vietnam.

In East Asia it is called dǒulì (斗笠, literally meaning a "one-dǒu bamboo hat") in China; kasa (笠) in Japan; and satgat (삿갓) or gaerip (개립, 蓋笠)) in Korea.

In South Asia, it is known as Jaapi (জাপি) in Assam (India); in Bangladesh it is known as Mathal(মাথাল).[8]

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  A porter in China wearing a dǒulì
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  A selection of conical hats in Hainan, China
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  Making conical hats (nón lá) in Huế countryside, Vietnam
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  Souvenir nón lá for tourists
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  A Bangladeshi rice farmer wearing Mathal(মাথাল).
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  Conical hats of the Dusun people in Sabah, Malaysia
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  Tortoiseshell and silver salakot from the Philippines
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  A silver-inlaid Filipino salakot
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  A Korean man in traditional mourning clothes and satgat
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  A Japanese monk wearing a sugegasa begs for money in Ueno, Tokyo

• Fulani hat
• Jaapi
• Kasa (hat)
• List of hats and headgear
• Mokoliʻi, an island in Hawaii with a nickname "Chinaman's Hat"
• Pith helmet
• Pointed hat
• Salakot
• Thai farmer's hat
• Umbrella hat

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Conical straw hats.

• Conical straw hats gallery