Ethel Rhind

Ethel Rhind (1 December 1877 – 6 March 1952) was an Irish stained-glass and mosaic artist, and was associated with An Túr Gloine.

Ethel Rhind
Born1 December 1877
Arrah, Bihar, India
Died6 March 1952(1952-03-06) (aged 74)
Dún Laoghaire, County Dublin, Ireland
NationalityIrish
Alma materSchool of Art, Belfast, Dublin Metropolitan School of Art
Known forStained-glass and mosaic design

Life and education

Rhind was born 1 December 1877 in Arrah, Bihar, India. Her father was Robert Hunter Rhind, a civil engineer born in Edinburgh, who was working in the Indian civil service. Her mother, Hannah Rhind (née Tate), was from White Abbey, County Antrim, and was a relative of the Gore-Booth family of Lissadell House, County Sligo. Rhind was educated at Londonderry High School, and later the School of Art, Belfast where she earned an art teacher's certificate in 1900.[1] In 1902, she was awarded a scholarship to study mosaic under Miss Holloway at the Dublin Metropolitan School of Art. Rhind was an early student of Alfred E. Child, who taught stained glass craft. Her student work was exhibited at the Irish International Exhibition in 1907.[2] Rhind entered Sarah Purser's An Túr Gloine in 1907–1908 to work on stained glass and opus sectile.[3] Rhind died 6 March 1952 in a nursing home in Dún Laoghaire.[1]

Artistic work
Stained glass window by Ethel Rhind in Sacred Heart Church, Castletownbere. This work was created in 1910 and depicts Margaret Mary Alacoque receiving the revelation of the Sacred Heart.[4]

Some of her earliest work is in the window Harmony and Fortitude in Lissadell church for the Gore-Booths and was created in 1907. In 1908 she won first prize at the Royal Dublin Society for her window in the Old Court chapel, Strangford, County Down.[5] Most of her work was for Church of Ireland churches, though she also designed for the Presbyterian church, York Road, Dún Laoghaire, The Honan chapel, University College Cork, and her St Carthage series.[6] During this time, she lived with her sister Sophia, who was a secretary with the Royal Irish Academy, in Dublin. When Wilhelmina Geddes left An Túr Gloine due to ill health, Rhind completed her designs. Rhind also worked closely with Catherine O'Brien.[7] From 1917, she was a member of the Guild of Craft Workers.[1]

Her work in the opus sectile medium was seen as very progressive and her most significant contribution to the reputation of An Túr Gloine.[8] Some of her most noted works in were the stations of the cross made in St Enda's church, Spiddal, County Galway (1916–28), the stations made in Loughrea cathedral (1929–33), and her 1921 war memorial Archangel Michael on the exterior wall of All Saints Church, Grangegorman, Dublin.[1][5] Her work incorporated stone, glass, and shell, rather than the more traditional tiny tiles or tesserae.[2] The 1912 tapestry, Smuainteach, was designed by Rhind and woven by the Dún Emer Guild in Dundrum, which is in the collections of the National Museum of Ireland. Her designs for both stained glass and opus sectile were featured at the Arts and Crafts Society of Ireland in 1910, 1917, and 1921.[1] Two of her pieces of stained glass are in United States, one in the Sacred Heart Convent chapel in Newton, Massachusetts, and the second in Brophy College Chapel, Arizona.[9] Rhind retired from the studio in 1939.[1]

Stained glass and mosaic catalogue raisonné
  • St John (Attributed), (1906), St Eunan's Cathedral, Raphoe, County Donegal
  • St Luke (Attributed), (1906), St Eunan's Cathedral, Raphoe, County Donegal
  • St Eunan (1906), Painted by Ethel Rhind by designed by Sarah Purser, St Eunan's Cathedral, Raphoe, County Donegal
  • Harmony and Fortitude (1907), Church of Ireland Lissadell (near Lissadell House), County Sligo
  • Title unknown (1907) (may have been destroyed in war), Church of England (St Nicholas'), Sutton, London, England
  • SS Peter, Patrick, Columba, Andrew (1908), De Ross Church of Ireland family chapel, Old Court near Strangford, County Down
  • Martha and the Resurrection; Mary Magdalen washing the feet of Christ; the seven gifts of the Holy Spirit (Attributed), (1908), Church of Ireland, Kinnitty, County Offaly
  • The parables of the good and faithful servants and of the prudent virgins (1909), Presbyterian Church, York Road, Dún Laoghaire, County Dublin
  • Mary of Bethany (1909), Church of Ireland Aughnacloy, County Tyrone
  • Faith (1909), Church of Ireland, Tissaran, County Offaly
  • The Annunciation (Attributed), (1910), Catholic Church, Castletownbere, County Cork
  • St Peter enthrowned, (circa 1910), Catholic Church, Labane, near Ardrahan, County Galway
  • Fortitude (Attributed), (1910), Church of Ireland, Howth, County Dublin
  • St Michael (Attributed), (1910), Presbyterian Hall Ballinasloe, County Galway
  • St John (Attributed), (1910), Church of Ireland Knockainey, County Limerick
  • Pilgrim's Progress (Attributed), (1913), Presbyterian Church, Townsend Street, Belfast, County Antrim
  • St Asicus (Attributed), (1910), Catholic Church, Tibohine, County Roscommon
  • St Baithen (Attributed), (1910), Catholic Church, Tibohine, County Roscommon
  • Two very small decorative windows (Attributed), (1910), Catholic Church, Tibohine, County Roscommon
  • St Elizabeth, (circa 1910 - 12), (designed by Christopher Whall and painted by Ethel Rhind, Catholic Church, Labane, near Ardrahan, County Galway
  • St Charles Borromeo (Attributed), (1912), Cathedral of St Eunan and St Columba, Letterkenny, County Donegal
  • The Adoration of the Shepherds, the Resurrection, and the Last Judgement , (Attributed), (1913 —14), Church of Ireland, Croom, County Limerick
  • The legend of St Brendan (I) (Attributed), (1914), Chapel of St. Brendan's College, Killarney, County Kerry
  • The legend of St Brendan (II) (Attributed), (1914), Chapel of St. Brendan's College, Killarney, County Kerry
  • The Institution of the Eucharist, with Judas, St John, Blessed Virgin Mary, the miraculous draft of fish, (Attributed), (1915), Church of Ireland, Magheralin, County Down
  • A soldier led to Christ (Attributed), (1915), Church of Ireland, St. Ann's Church, Dawson Street, Dublin
  • Two decorative windows, each with an angel in a medallion, (1915), Church of Ireland Ballymacormick, County Longford
  • Praise the Lord (1916), Church of Ireland, St. Nahi's Church, Dundrum, Dublin
  • Censing angel, trumpeting angel (Attributed), (1917), Church of Ireland, All Saints' Church, Raheny, Raheny, County Dublin
  • The Crown of Life; war memorial (Attributed), (1918), St Canice's Cathedral, Kilkenny
  • Stations of the Cross opus-sectile panels, (1918 — 1928), Catholic Church, Spiddal, County Galway
  • St Mark (Attributed), (1919), Church of Ireland Knockainey, County Limerick
  • Virtuous woman, (1919), Church of Ireland Farnaught, County Leitrim
  • St Cecelia and the Good Samaritan (1920), Church of Ireland, Armagh (St Mark's), County Armagh
  • St Killian, St Michael, and St George (Attributed), (1920), Church of Ireland, Howth, County Dublin
  • The Resurrection (Attributed), (1920), Church of Ireland, Kilcullen, County Kildare
  • "He hath delivered by soul in peace" (Attributed), (1920), Church of Ireland, Kilcullen, County Kildare
  • Archangel Michael (1921), opus-sectile mosaic panel on exterior of Church of Ireland, Grangegorman, Dublin
  • The Risen Christ (1921), opus-sectile mosaic panel, St Columba's College, Dublin
  • The Good Shepherd, Mary of Bethany, David (1921), Church of England St Peter's Church, Wallsend, Northumberland
  • Parables (1921–22), (Attributed), Presbyterian Church, Townsend Street, Belfast, County Antrim
  • The miraculous draft of fishes, and the parable of the leaven (1922), Presbyterian Church, York Road, Dún Laoghaire, County Dublin
  • Fortitude, (1923), Church of Ireland Farnaught, County Leitrim
  • The Lord Triumphant, (opus-sectile mosaic; three panels), (1923), Church of Ireland, Magheralin, County Down
  • Two angels holding a scroll opus-sectile mosaic panel (circa 1924), Church of Ireland Gorey, County Wexford
  • Virtuous Woman and Beloved Physician (1926), Church of Ireland, Armagh (St Mark's), County Armagh
  • St John and the Blessed Virgin Mary (Attributed), (1926), Church of Ireland, (St Mary's), Glenville, County Cork
  • The Crucifixion with the Blessed Virgin Mary and St John (1927), Church of Ireland at St. Dympna's Hospital, Carlow, County Carlow
  • St Andrew (Attributed), (1927), Church of Ireland, Malahide, County Dublin
  • St Catherine of Alexandria (1927), Newton Country Day School, Newton, Massachusetts
  • Charity: Phebe (1928), opus-sectile mosaic panel, Church of Ireland, Donor Avenue (St Catherine and St James), Dublin, formerly in the St Peter's, Aungier Street, Dublin
  • Memorial to Eva Gore-Booth, (1928), formerly in Manchester University Settlement Chapel, Ancoats Hall, Every Street, Ancoats, Manchester
  • St John (1929), Church of Ireland, Carrickfergus, County Antrim
  • Stations of the Cross opus-sectile panels, (1929 -1932), St Brendan's Cathedral, Loughrea, County Galway
  • Dorcas seated (1933), Methodist Church, Sandymount, Dublin
  • The holy women at the tomb, (1933), Church of Ireland Ardbraccan, County Meath
  • St Peter's Archbasilica, Rome; Fountain of Grace (circa 1934), Brophy College Preparatory, Phoenix, Arizona
  • Stations of the Cross opus-sectile panels, (1934 - 1936), Franciscan Friary (St Anthony's), Athlone, County Westmeath
  • The Nativity with the annunciation to the shepherds (1936), Church of Ireland at St. Dympna's Hospital, Carlow, County Carlow
  • The Resurrection with the three Marys at the tomb of Christ (1936), Church of Ireland at St. Dympna's Hospital, Carlow, County Carlow
  • The Good Samaritan (Attributed), (1937), Unitarian Church, Dublin
  • St Modomndoc, (1937), Church of Ireland Farnaught, County Leitrim
  • St John the Baptist in the wilderness (1938), Church of Ireland at St. Dympna's Hospital, Carlow, County Carlow
  • St Stephen (1938), Church of Ireland at St. Dympna's Hospital, Carlow, County Carlow
  • The Good Samaritan and the parable of the lost groat (1952), Presbyterian Church, York Road, Dún Laoghaire, County Dublin

See also

References
  1. Devine, Ruth (2009). "Rhind, Ethel". In McGuire, James; Quinn, James (eds.). Dictionary of Irish Biography. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  2. "RHIND, ETHEL". Dictionary of Irish Architects 1720–1940. Irish Architectural Archive. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
  3. Casey, Christine (2005). Dublin: The City Within the Grand and Royal Canals and the Circular Road with the Phoenix Park. London: Yale University Press. p. 63. ISBN 9780300109238.
  4. Bowe, Nicola Gordon; Caron, David; Wynne, Michael (1988). Gazetteer of Irish Stained Glass. Dublin: Irish Academic Press. pp. 38. ISBN 0-7165-2413-9.
  5. "Miss Ethel Rhind". Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851–1951. University of Glasgow History of Art and HATII. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
  6. "The Honan Chapel & Collection – Virtual Tour". Honan Chapel & Collection Online. Archived from the original on 18 November 2015. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
  7. Gordon Bowe, Nicola. "The Tower of Glass An Túr Gloine and the early 20th century stained glass revival in Ireland". Building Conservation. Retrieved 3 June 2015.
  8. Sawyer, Roger (2002). We Are But Women: Women in Ireland's History. London: Routledge. p. 66. ISBN 9781134931255.
  9. Caron, David (1994). "An Tur Gloine Stained Glass in Arizona" (PDF). Irish Arts Review: 174–180. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
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