Demographics of Venezuela

The Demographics of Venezuela are the condition and overview of Venezuela's peoples. Demographic topics include basic education, health, and population statistics as well as identified racial and religious affiliations

The Venezuelan people comprise a combination of heritages. The historically present Amerindians, Spanish colonists, and African slaves have all contributed to varying degrees. Later, waves of European groups (Italians, Spanish, Portuguese and Germans) migrated to Venezuela in the 20th century, influencing many aspects of Venezuelan life, including its culture, language, food, and music.

About 51.6% of the population is mixed (mestizo) white, amerindian and black in Venezuela, while 43.6% are white of recent European and/or Middle Eastern ancestry. Another 3.7% is fully black/African, while 2.7% is of full Amerindian ancestry, and 1.0% other races (mainly Asians).[1][2]

Three Amerindian tribes located in the country are the Wayuu, located in the west, in Zulia State, and the Timoto-cuicas, also in the west, in Mérida State, in the Andes.

About 85% of the population live in urban areas in the northern portion of the country and currently resides in the urban conglomerations (Caracas, Maracay, Maracaibo, Valencia, etc.) that are concentrated in Venezuela's northern coastal mountain strip. Nearly half of Venezuela's geographic area lies south of the Orinoco River; however, this region contains only 5% of the Venezuelan population.

The 2019 revision of the World Population Prospects[3][4] estimate puts Venezuela's total population at 28,887,118 inhabitants.[3][4] Additionally, over the past five years, Venezuelan society's general age structure has been trending towards the homologous structure found in Cuba, Western Europe, Japan, and other healthy and rapidly aging societies. Notably, there has been a significant increase in the proportion and gross numbers of elderly Venezuelans (aged 65 and up), as well as a corresponding drop in the total fertility.

Population
Census population
YearPop.±%
18731,732,411—    
18812,005,139+15.7%
18912,221,572+10.8%
19202,479,525+11.6%
19262,814,131+13.5%
19363,364,347+19.6%
19413,850,771+14.5%
19505,034,838+30.7%
19617,523,999+49.4%
197110,721,522+42.5%
198114,516,735+35.4%
199018,105,265+24.7%
200123,232,553+28.3%
201127,722,793+19.3%

According to the 2019 revision of the World Population Prospects[3][4] the total population was 28,887,118 in 2018, compared to only 5,482,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 29.5%, 64.9% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 5.6% was 65 years or older .[5]

Total population Proportion
aged 0–14
(%)		 Proportion
aged 15–64
(%)		 Proportion
aged 65+
(%)
1950 5 482 00043.554.61.9
1955 6 758 00044.853.12.0
1960 8 147 00045.651.92.4
1965 9 825 00046.451.02.6
1970 11 588 00045.751.52.8
1975 13 361 00043.353.63.0
1980 15 344 00040.756.23.2
1985 17 508 00038.857.83.4
1990 19 862 00037.958.43.7
1995 22 189 00036.359.83.9
2000 24 481 00034.161.64.3
2005 26 769 00031.663.54.9
2010 28 996 00029.664.95.5
2015 31 108 00028.165.76.2

Structure of the population [6]

Structure of the population (01.07.2011) (Data refer to projections based on the 2001 Population Census) :

Age Group Male Female Total %
Total 14 673 402 14 604 334 29 277 736 100
0-4 1 489 651 1 422 996 2 912 647 9,95
5-9 1 449 771 1 387 490 2 837 261 9,69
10-14 1 407 049 1 348 839 2 755 888 9,41
15-19 1 381 341 1 330 517 2 711 858 9,26
20-24 1 356 690 1 321 939 2 678 629 9,15
25-29 1 247 545 1 233 317 2 480 862 8,47
30-34 1 125 519 1 124 781 2 250 300 7,69
35-39 975 071 981 664 1 956 735 6,68
40-44 901 661 912 835 1 814 496 6,20
45-49 828 558 843 046 1 671 604 5,71
50-54 689 404 706 581 1 395 985 4,77
55-59 572 058 592 013 1 164 071 3,98
60-64 450 502 471 913 922 415 3,15
65-69 319 897 346 672 666 569 2,28
70-74 215 081 246 972 462 053 1,58
75+ 263 604 332 759 596 363 2,04
Age group Male Female Total Percent
0-14 4 346 471 4 159 325 8 505 796 29,05
15-64 9 528 349 9 518 606 19 046 955 65,06
65+ 798 582 926 403 1 724 985 5,89

Structure of the population (01.07.2013) (Data refer to projections based on the 2001 Population Census) :

Age Group Male Female Total %
Total 15 102 533 15 052 819 30 155 352 100
0-4 1 491 898 1 424 743 2 916 641 9,67
5-9 1 464 151 1 400 914 2 865 065 9,50
10-14 1 423 817 1 364 178 2 787 995 9,25
15-19 1 386 506 1 334 874 2 721 380 9,02
20-24 1 359 923 1 323 716 2 683 639 8,90
25-29 1 291 849 1 275 387 2 567 236 8,51
30-34 1 167 219 1 166 307 2 333 526 7,74
35-39 1 032 504 1 040 183 2 072 687 6,87
40-44 917 077 929 479 1 846 556 6,12
45-49 852 761 869 313 1 722 074 5,71
50-54 742 176 762 161 1 504 337 4,99
55-59 604 508 627 863 1 232 371 4,09
60-64 486 985 513 029 1 000 014 3,32
65-69 357 333 386 715 744 048 2,47
70-74 238 848 273 230 512 078 1,70
75-79 157 083 191 869 348 952 1,16
80+ 127 895 168 858 296 753 0,98
Age group Male Female Total Percent
0-14 4 379 866 4 189 835 8 569 701 28,42
15-64 9 841 508 9 842 312 19 683 820 65,27
65+ 881 159 1 020 672 1 901 831 6,31

Vital statistics

Registration of vital events is in Venezuela not complete. The Population Departement of the United Nations prepared the following estimates. [5]

Period Live births
per year		 Deaths
per year		 Natural change
per year		 CBR* CDR* NC* TFR* IMR* Life expectancy
total		 Life expectancy
males		 Life expectancy
females
1950–1955263,00069,000193,00046.512.634.16.4610754.352.955.8
1955–1960309,00073,000236,00044.910.934.26.468957.155.658.7
1960–1965375,00077,000298,00045.19.535.76.667359.958.261.7
1965–1970397,00076,000320,00040.18.032.45.906062.660.564.9
1970–1975411,00076,000334,00035.16.728.64.944965.062.467.7
1975–1980476,00081,000395,00034.25.828.44.473967.364.670.4
1980–1985519,00089,000430,00032.05.326.53.963468.966.072.0
1985–1990561,00092,000468,00030.34.925.33.652770.567.773.5
1990–1995563,000101,000461,00026.94.822.13.252371.568.774.5
1995–2000569,000114,000455,00024.54.919.72.942172.169.375.1
2000–2005585,000129,000456,00022.95.017.92.721972.769.975.8
2005–2010598,000142,000456,00021.45.116.32.551773.770.876.8
2010–2015601,000159,000442,00019.95.314.62.401574.571.777.6
2015–2020595,000178,000417,00018.45.512.92.281375.372.578.4
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman)

Births and deaths

[6][7]

Year Population Live births Deaths Natural increase Crude birth rate Crude death rate Rate of natural increase TFR
1996 497,975 93,839 404,136 22.3 4.2 18.1
1997 516,616 94,334 422,282 22.7 4.1 18.6
1998 501,808 98,624 403,184 21.6 4.2 17.4
1999 527,888 101,907 425,981 22.1 4.3 17.8
2000 544,416 103,255 441,161 22.4 4.2 18.2
2001 529,552 107,867 421,685 21.4 4.4 17.0
2002 492,678 105,388 387,290 19.5 4.2 15.3
2003 555,614 118,562 437,052 21.6 4.6 17.0
2004 637,799 114,480 523,319 24.4 4.4 20.0
2005 665,997 110,301 555,696 25.1 4.2 20.9
2006 646,225 115,348 530,877 23.9 4.3 19.6
2007 615,371 118,594 496,777 22.4 4.3 18.1
2008 581,480 124,062 457,418 20.8 4.4 16.4
2009 593,845 123,530 470,315 20.9 4.4 16.6
2010 591,303 130,597 460,706 20.7 4.6 16.1
2011 615,132 136,803 478,329 21.3 4.7 16.5 2.466
2012 619,530 142,988 476,542 21.1 4.9 16.2 2.446
2013 597,902 147,901 450,001 20.1 5.0 15.1 2.427
2014 30,070,000 597,773 159,239 438,534 19.9 5.3 14.6 2.410
2015 30,489,000 600,860 163,367 437,493 19.6 5.3 14.3
2016 30,883,000 642,664 185,697 456,967 20.8 6.0 14.8
2017 31,277,000 579,349 190,236 389,113 18.5 6.1 12.4
2018 31,689,176 18.5 5.3 13.2 2.3
2020 28,644,603 17.9 7.5 10.4 2.26

Other demographic statistics

Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2019.[8]

  • One birth every 53 seconds
  • One death every 3 minutes
  • One net migrant every 45 minutes
  • Net gain of one person every 1 minute

Demographic statistics according to the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.[9]

Total population
28,644,603 (July 2020 est.)
Ethnic groups

unspecified Spanish, Italian (5–6%), Portuguese (1.4%), Arab (5%), German (<0.1%), African (3.4%), indigenous peoples (2.7%)

Age structure
Population pyramid of Venezuela in 2017
0-14 years: 25.66% (male 3,759,280/female 3,591,897)
15-24 years: 16.14% (male 2,348,073/female 2,275,912)
25-54 years: 41.26% (male 5,869,736/female 5,949,082)
55-64 years: 8.76% (male 1,203,430/female 1,305,285)
65 years and over: 8.18% (male 1,069,262/female 1,272,646) (2020 est.)
Median age
total: 30 years. Country comparison to the world: 124th
male: 29.4 years
female: 30.7 years (2020 est.)
Birth rate
17.9 births/1,000 population (2020 est.) Country comparison to the world: 92th
Death rate
7.5 deaths/1,000 population (2020 est.) Country comparison to the world: 106th
Total fertility rate
2.26 children born/woman (2020 est.) Country comparison to the world: 87th
Net migration rate
-3.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2020 est.) Country comparison to the world: 184th
Population growth rate
-0.18% (2020 est.) Country comparison to the world: 207th
1.51% (2009 est.).
Contraceptive prevalence rate
75% (2010)
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio: 52.6 (2015 est.)
youth dependency ratio: 43 (2015 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 9.5 (2015 est.)
potential support ratio: 10.5 (2015 est.)
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 76.2 years
male: 73.2 years
female: 79.3 years (2018 est.)
Urbanization
urban population: 88.2% of total population (2018)
rate of urbanization: 1.28% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)
Languages

Spanish (official), numerous indigenous dialects

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2016 est.)

total population: 97.1%
male: 97%
female: 97.2% (2016 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 14 years
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24
total: 14.6%. Country comparison to the world: 92nd

Sex ratio
AgeRatio
(males/females)
Total:1.02
At birth:1.07
Under 15:1.07
15–64:1.01
Over 65:0.83

Ethnicity

According to an autosomal DNA genetic study conducted in 2008 by the University of Brasilia (UNB) the composition of Venezuela's population is: 60.60% of European contribution, 23% of Amerindian contribution and 16.30% of African contribution. 3.6% of Venezuelans are fully black, but Mulattos (black mixed with white) are a much larger proportion. With many Venezuelans having African ancestry. [10]

Religious affiliation

The overwhelming majority of Venezuelans denote themselves as adherents of Catholicism; this is true nominally if not in practice.

Religious affiliation in Venezuela. (2011)[11][12]
Affiliation % of Venezuela population
Christian 88.3 88.3
 
Catholic 71 71
 
Protestant 17 17
 
Mormon 0.3 0.3
 
Non-Christian faiths 2.7 2.7
 
Jewish 0.05 0.05
 
Muslim 0.4 0.4
 
Santería 1 1
 
Other Non-Christian faiths 1.25 1.25
 
Unaffiliated 9 9
 
Agnostic/indifferent 6 6
 
Atheist 2 2
 
Don't know/refused answer 1 1
 
Total100 100
 

According to the 2011 census, 88.3 percent of the population is Christian, primarily Roman Catholic (71%), 17 percent Protestant, and the remaining 0.03 percent Mormons (LDS Church).[13] The Venezuelans without religion are 9% (atheist 2%, agnostic or indifferent 6% and doesn't know/doesn't respond 1% ), almost 3% of the population follow other religions (1% of them are of Santería).[11][12]

References
  1. "Resultado Básico del XIV Censo Nacional de Población y —×Vivienda 2011 (Mayo 2014)" (PDF). Ine.gov.ve. p. 29. Retrieved 8 September 2014.
  2. "Censos de población y vivienda". Ine.gob.ve. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  3. ""World Population prospects – Population division"". population.un.org. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 9 November 2019.
  4. ""Overall total population" – World Population Prospects: The 2019 Revision" (xslx). population.un.org (custom data acquired via website). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 9 November 2019.
  5. Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision Archived 6 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  6. "United Nations Statistics Division - Demographic and Social Statistics". unstats.un.org.
  7. "3. Live births, deaths, and infant deaths, latest available year (2002 - 2016)" (PDF). Unstats.un.org. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  8. "Venezuela Population 2019", World Population Review
  9. "World Factbook SOUTH AMERICA : VENEZUELA", The World Factbook, 12 July 2018
  10. Godinho, Neide Maria de Oliveira (2008). "O impacto das migrações na constituição genética de populações latino-americanas" (PDF). Universidade de Brasília. Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 1 August 2012.
  11. Aguire, Jesus Maria (June 2012). "Informe Sociográfico sobre la religión en Venezuela" (PDF) (in Spanish). El Centro Gumilla. Retrieved 5 April 2015.
  12. "Venezuela". State.gov. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  13. "LDS Starics". Mormon Newsroom. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
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