Tuz Khurmatu

Tuz Khurmatu
Turkish: Tuz Khurmatu
Arabic: دوزخورماتو‎
City
Tuz Khurmatu
Tuz Khormato's location in Iraq
Coordinates: 34°53′N 44°38′E / 34.883°N 44.633°E / 34.883; 44.633
Country  Iraq
Province Saladin
District Tooz
Elevation 715 ft (218 m)
Population (2012)
 • Total 119,000
Time zone UTC+3

Tuz Khurmatu (Arabic: طوزخورماتو‎, Turkish: Tuzhurmatu also spelled as Tuz Khurmatu and Tuz Khormato or just Khurmatu) is the central city of Tooz District in Saladin Province, Iraq, located 55 miles south of Kirkuk. The town is multi-ethnic, with a majority of Kurds.[1][2]and a Turkmen minority. The Turkmen are a Turkic peoples originally from the Central Asia region. Tuz Khormato, along with Altun Kupri, Amerli, Bashir, Bustamli, Mahalabiyah, Qarah Tappah, Sulaiman Bek, Tal Afar, Taza Khurmatu, and Yankjah, have the most turkmen populations in Iraq. while Mosul, Kirkuk, Kifri, Daquq, Muqdadiyah, Jalawla, and Al-Sadiyah also have Turkmen minority populations.[3]

Etymology

The first part of the name of the city is taken from Turkish, literally meaning salt (Turkish: tuz). The second part (Khur Mati) are Babylonian language words meaning "Plains Mati" Mati is a man Name that cultivated this area

History

A U.S. Army Soldier and a Turkish Air Force member transport an Iraqi child to safety during a multinational humanitarian airlift effort on Kirkuk Air Base, Iraq, July 8, 2007. The victim was hurt in an attack in Tuz Khurmato.

The town participated in the 1991 Iraqi uprising before being suppressed by the Ba'athist Iraqi army.[4]

Since the Invasion of Iraq, the city has experienced significant violence. It has been frequently bombed by Al-Qaeda in Iraq and its successor the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, as well as the PKK.

Operation Iraqi Freedom

  • On June 2, 2005, at least 12 people were killed and at least 40 wounded in an explosion targeting a restaurant.[5]
  • On June 23, 2005, a car bomb detonated by remote control hit an Iraqi police patrol, killing one policeman and wounding 7 civilians.[6]

On August 14th of 2005, 3 US Army soldiers were killed outside Tuz when an IED struck their vehicle.

  • On September 20, 2005, insurgents detonated a car bomb targeting Shiite worshippers as they were exiting the Hussainiyat al-Rasoul al-Azam mosque, killing at least 10 and wounding 21 others.[7]
  • On March 14, 2007, a suicide bomber struck a market and killing 8 and wounding 25.[8]

Operation New Dawn

  • On September 7, 2010, the first US casualties after President Barack Obama declared an end to US combat operations took place near the city when an Iraqi soldier killed 2 US military personnel.[9]

Post-U.S. withdrawal and Iraqi civil war

  • On October 27, 2012, a car bombing next to a building owned by a Shi'ite endowment killed two civilians and injured ten others.[10]
  • On December 17, 2012, two consecutive car bombings hit a residential area near the city's General Hospital, killing 11 civilians and injuring 45 others. The attacks were part of a country-wide wave of violence that killed almost 100 people in a single day.[11]
  • On January 16, 2013, a suicide car bombing at the offices of the Kurdistan Democratic Party killed 5 and injured 40 others.[12][13]
  • On January 23, 2013, a suicide bomber blew himself up during a funeral for a politician's relative in the city, killing 42 and leaving 75 others wounded.[14][15]
  • In November 2015, the town experienced clashes between the Kurdish Peshmerga and Shia Popular Mobilization Forces that claimed 11 lives, wounded over 20 people, and damaged over 200 houses through arson committed by both sides.[16] A truce was reached soon after.[17][18]
  • On November 28, 2015, a suicide bomber bombed a town checkpoint, killing 6.[19]

Weather

According to the Köppen-Geiger climate classification system, Khurmatu has a Semi-arid climate (BSh). Known for its cool winters and scorching summers.

Climate data for Khurmatu, Iraq
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 24
(75)		 29
(84)		 36
(97)		 41
(106)		 48
(118)		 50
(122)		 53
(127)		 53
(127)		 51
(124)		 43
(109)		 32
(90)		 28
(82)		 53
(127)
Average high °C (°F) 14
(57)		 16
(61)		 22
(72)		 29
(84)		 36
(97)		 42
(108)		 46
(115)		 46
(115)		 41
(106)		 33
(91)		 22
(72)		 16
(61)		 30
(87)
Average low °C (°F) 2
(36)		 4
(39)		 8
(46)		 14
(57)		 19
(66)		 25
(77)		 28
(82)		 26
(79)		 20
(68)		 16
(61)		 9
(48)		 4
(39)		 15
(58)
Record low °C (°F) −16
(3)		 −12
(10)		 −6
(21)		 −2
(28)		 9
(48)		 14
(57)		 20
(68)		 14
(57)		 5
(41)		 0
(32)		 −5
(23)		 −18
(0)		 −18
(0)
Average rainfall cm (inches) 3.40
(1.339)		 3.10
(1.22)		 4.00
(1.575)		 3.60
(1.417)		 1.90
(0.748)		 0.00
(0)		 0.00
(0)		 0.00
(0)		 0.00
(0)		 1.20
(0.472)		 3.00
(1.181)		 2.80
(1.102)		 23
(9.054)
Source: msn.com/weather [20]

Notable residents

Ali Kanbar Ozdamer (1919–1999) was a well-known artist from the area.[21]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Tuz Khurmatu: Atrocities against Iraqi Kurds on the Rise
  2. ↑ Arab-Kurd conflict heats up after Tuz Khormato incidents
  3. ↑ Iraq's Sunni, Shiite Turkmens fall out over IS
  4. ↑ Goldstein, Eric (June 1992). Endless Torment: The 1991 Uprising in Iraq and Its Aftermath. U.S.: Human Rights Watch. p. 58. ISBN 1-56432-069-3.
  5. ↑ "20 dead in Iraq bombings". the Guardian. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
  6. ↑ Car bombs kill nearly 40 people in Baghdad – International Herald Tribune
  7. ↑ Microsoft PowerPoint – Eye on Iraq Sep 20, 2005 – English
  8. ↑ https://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20070314/ap_on_re_mi_ea/iraq
  9. ↑ Iraqi soldier fires on US troops, kills 2
  10. ↑ Killing and wounding 12 civilians east of Tikrit (NINA News Agency)
  11. ↑ BREAKING NEWS. 25 people killed and wounded in bombings series in Tuz district. (NINA News Agency)
  12. ↑ Reuters (2013-01-15). "Bombers kill more than 35 across Iraq". Trust.org. Archived from the original on 2013-02-21. Retrieved 2013-01-15.
  13. ↑ Margaret Griffis (2013-01-16). "Iraq Slaughter: 55 Killed, 288 Wounded". Antiwar.com. Retrieved 2013-01-24.
  14. ↑ Marwan Ibrahim (2013-01-23). "Iraq suicide bomb at Shiite mosque kills 42". Google News. Retrieved 2013-01-24.
  15. ↑ Margaret Griffis (2013-01-23). "At least 51 Killed, 98 Wounded in Iraq Attacks". Antiwar.com. Retrieved 2013-01-24.
  16. ↑ "Eleven dead as tensions flare in Tuz Khurmatu". Kurdistan24. 2015-11-15. Retrieved 2016-01-11.
  17. ↑ "Absent government, fragile truce holds in Tuz Khurmatu". Iraq Oil Report. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
  18. ↑ Joel Wing. "MUSINGS ON IRAQ". Retrieved 15 May 2016.
  19. ↑ "Suicide bomber kills 6 in flashpoint town". Yahoo! News. 2015-11-28. Retrieved 2016-01-11.
  20. ↑
  21. ↑ "Sketch Gallery of Iraqi Artist Ali Kanbar Ozdamer". Flickr – Photo Sharing!. Retrieved 15 May 2016.

Coordinates: 34°52′38″N 44°38′18″E / 34.87722°N 44.63833°E / 34.87722; 44.63833

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