Steve Bullock (American politician)

Steve Bullock
24th Governor of Montana
Assumed office
January 7, 2013
Lieutenant John Walsh
Angela McLean
Mike Cooney
Preceded by Brian Schweitzer
Chair of the National Governors Association
Assumed office
July 21, 2018
Preceded by Brian Sandoval
23rd Attorney General of Montana
In office
January 5, 2009 – January 7, 2013
Governor Brian Schweitzer
Preceded by Mike McGrath
Succeeded by Tim Fox
Personal details
Born Stephen Clark Bullock
(1966-04-11) April 11, 1966
Missoula, Montana, U.S.
Political party Democratic
Spouse(s)
Lisa Downs (m. 1999)
Children 3[1]
Residence Montana Governor's Residence
Education Claremont McKenna College (BA)
Columbia University (JD)
Signature

Stephen Clark Bullock (born April 11, 1966) is an American politician and lawyer serving as the 24th and current Governor of Montana since 2013. A member of the Democratic Party, he has been Chairman of the National Governors Association since 2018, a bipartisan organization created to develop policy to improve state governments.[2][3]

Born in Missoula, Montana, Bullock is a graduate of Claremont McKenna College and Columbia Law School. Bullock began his career working as the legal counsel to the Secretary of State of Montana before becoming the Executive Assistant Attorney General and acting Chief Deputy Attorney General of Montana. Bullock then entered private practice as an attorney for Steptoe & Johnson. He was also an adjunct professor at the George Washington University Law School before opening his own private law firm upon returning to Montana. In 2008, Bullock was elected Attorney General of Montana, where he served one term from 2009-13.

After incumbent Governor Brian Schweitzer was term-limited, Bullock declared his candidacy for the Governorship on September 7, 2011. He won with 87% of the vote in the Democratic primary election, and defeated the Republican nominee, former U.S. Representative Rick Hill, in the general election, with 48% of the vote.

In 2016, Bullock won re-election with 50.2% of the vote, defeating Republican nominee Greg Gianforte.[4][5]

Early life, education, and law career

Bullock was born in Missoula, Montana and raised in Helena, the state capital. He is the son of Penny Clark, a school board trustee, and Mike Bullock, a teacher and administrator.[6] He graduated from Helena High School in 1984.[7] His parents divorced when he was in grade school.[8] Bullock received his undergraduate degree from Claremont McKenna College and his law degree with honors from Columbia Law School in New York.[9]

Bullock served as chief legal counsel to Montana Secretary of State Mike Cooney. He went on to work for four years with the Montana Department of Justice under Attorney General Joe Mazurek, first as executive assistant attorney general, and later as acting chief deputy (1997–2001).[10] During this time, he also served as legislative director, coordinating the Attorney General's legislative efforts. As an Assistant Attorney General, Bullock wrote the landmark opinion that guaranteed public access to streams and rivers.

He was unsuccessful in his first race for Montana Attorney General, losing in the 2000 Democratic primary to Mike McGrath, who went on to be elected Attorney General that year and currently serves as Chief Justice of the Montana Supreme Court.[11]

From 2001-04, Bullock practiced law in Washington, D.C. with Steptoe & Johnson, where he served as an adjunct professor at George Washington University Law School. He returned to Montana in 2004, working in private practice in Helena where he represented individuals, consumer organizations, labor unions, peace officers, associations of political subdivisions, and small and large businesses.[10] He ran successfully for Attorney General in 2008.[12]

Attorney General

Bullock was the Democratic nominee for Attorney General in 2008, defeating two other candidates in the primary election in June. He went on to win the contested general election race with 52.64% of the vote against Republican Tim Fox. Bullock received 245,669 votes, more than either presidential candidate.[12] He pushed for tougher drunken driving laws and a crackdown on prescription drug abuse.[13] He introduced the 24/7 Sobriety Program for repeat DUI offenders statewide.[14] This program requires repeat drunk drivers to take breath tests twice a day. The program is aimed at keeping highways and communities free of drunk drivers, and keeping non-violent offenders out of jail and off the public rolls. The program has had success in dropping DUI offenses.[15]

The Attorney General’s office also pursued the railroad industry for monopolistic business practices,[16][17] and led the way in stopping an anti-competitive merger between two the largest meat packers in the country.[18] Bullock focused on the misclassification of employees as independent contractors and allowing FedEx to avoid paying millions in state taxes and fees. Bullock's efforts resulted in changes by FedEx to comply with federal and state laws.[19]

Bullock attracted national attention by challenging the Citizens United decision through his defense of Montana’s 100-year-old ban on corporate campaign expenditures.[20] After winning in the Montana Supreme Court, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled against the State of Montana in a 5-4 decision.[21][22]

Bullock, who authored the state's opinion guaranteeing access to rivers, streams, and public lands, worked with the legislature and Governor Brian Schweitzer to codify the access opinion into law.[23]

Governor of Montana

Bullock at a campaign event in Glasgow, Montana, October 31, 2012.

Elections

Bullock announced on September 7, 2011 that he would be a candidate for the Democratic nomination for Governor of Montana in 2012.[24] In the Democratic primary, Bullock faced off against Helena resident Heather Margolis. Bullock won with 87% of the vote.[25]

Bullock and his running mate, then Adjutant General of Montana John Walsh, proposed a jobs plan that focuses on small and medium-sized Montana businesses as the engines of job creation. Bullock and General Walsh support:[26]

  • Streamlining the regulatory permitting process and establishing a new permit tracking system,
  • Ensuring that government services meet the demands of job creators,
  • Supporting rapid growth in eastern Montana by making ensuring that communities receive funds before or in preparation for natural resource development rather than afterwards,
  • Promoting the hiring of Montanans first for jobs inside the state paid for by taxpayers’ money,
  • Expanding in-state business activity to create a business climate that spurs faster expansion and greater business-to-business activity among Montana companies,
  • Further reforming Montana’s workers’ compensation system to reduce the number of workers who are injured or killed on the job, getting injured workers back to work as soon as possible and controlling medical costs.
  • Requiring major firms that are awarded state contracts to subcontract a substantial percentage of their work to in-state businesses.

Bullock proposed a $400 property tax rebate for homeowners in Montana to spur job creation and refund a portion of the state’s $400 million budget surplus.[27]

John Walsh, Bullock’s running mate, is the former Adjutant General of the Montana National Guard.[28] Bullock won the election, held on November 6, 2012, defeating Republican ex-US Representative Rick Hill.[29] Bullock came out on top by 7,571 votes, or 48.9%, to Hill’s 47.3%. Libertarian candidate Ron Vandevender pulled 3.8% of the vote.[30]

In September 2014, Bullock signed an executive order creating a habitat conservation plan for sage grouse in a bid to keep management of the imperiled bird in state hands rather than see it come under strict federal Endangered Species Act protections. The government said to the press: "Montanans recognize that it is in the best interest of our state, its economy and our quality of life to maintain state management of the greater sage-grouse."[31]

First term

Governor Bullock and his lieutenant governor, John Walsh, were sworn in on January 7, 2013.[32] Bullock later appointed Walsh to become the new Senator from Montana to replace Max Baucus, who had been appointed Ambassador to China. Bullock then appointed Angela McLean to replace Walsh as lieutenant governor.

In November 2015, McLean announced her resignation as lieutenant governor, effective upon the appointment of her successor, in order to accept the position of director of American Indian and minority achievement in the office of the state commissioner of higher education.[33]

In December 2015, Bullock announced the appointment of Mike Cooney as McLean's replacement. Cooney was sworn in on January 4, 2016.[34]

According to a September 20, 2016, survey by Morning Consult, Bullock, with a 66% approval rating and a 19% disapproval rating, was the most popular Democratic governor in the United States, as well as the fourth-most popular overall, behind Republicans Dennis Daugaard of South Dakota, Larry Hogan of Maryland, and Charlie Baker of Massachusetts.[35]

Second term

Bullock began his second term on January 2, 2017 alongside Montana Lieutenant Governor Mike Cooney.[36] Bullock and Cooney were the only two Democrats to retain statewide offices in the 2016 elections as the Republicans captured the offices of Montana Superintendent of Public Instruction, Montana State Auditor, and Montana Secretary of State and held onto the offices of Montana Attorney General and U.S. Representative for Montana's at-large congressional district.[37] Following the 2016 elections, Bullock faced large Republican majorities in the Montana Legislature because the Republicans gained three State Senate seats and widened their Senate majority over the Democrats to 32-18 while maintaining a 59-41 majority in the Montana House of Representatives, the same as in 2015.[38]

Political views

Abortion

Governor Steve Bullock is pro-choice.[39] During the 2017 state legislative session, Bullock vetoed two bills that restricted the constitutionally-upheld right of Montana's women to determine whether or not they wish to have an abortion.[40] Bullock received a 100 percent rating from NARAL in 2013[41] and was endorsed by Planned Parenthood Advocates of Montana in his successful 2016 reelection bid.[42]

Bullock was one of 14 Democratic governors to write a letter to Alex Azar, President Trump's Secretary of Health and Human Services, on March 31, 2018 demanding that Title X funding for women's reproductive health care and family planning remain in effect. The 14 governors threatened legal action if the Trump administration were to undermine women's access to reproductive health care.[43]

Campaign finance reform

During his tenure as Attorney General of Montana, Bullock advocated for maintaining Montana's century-old ban on corporate expenditures in elections and challenged the Citizens United decision in the 2012 U.S. Supreme Court case American Tradition Partnership, Inc. v. Bullock. Although the U.S. Supreme Court summarily disposed of Bullock's case in a 5-4 decision,[44] Bullock has advocated for campaign finance reform throughout his time as Governor of Montana.[45][46].

In 2015, Bullock steered the DISCLOSE Act, a bipartisan campaign finance reform bill that bolstered disclosure requirements in Montana elections, through a GOP-controlled state legislature.[47]

In June of 2018, Bullock signed an executive order that required the recipients of major government contracts in Montana to disclose "dark money spending" in elections, including spending disclosure that is not explicitly required by federal law.[48]

On July 24, 2018, Bullock decided to sue the Internal Revenue Service and the U.S. Department of the Treasury[49] over a recent decision to dispense with donor requirements for nonprofit organizations.[50]

Democratic Party

Bullock endorsed Hillary Clinton in the 2016 general election, but expressed disagreement with Clinton's opposition to coal mining because it is an important industry in Montana and did not attend the 2016 Democratic National Convention, citing his duties as Governor of Montana.[51] Bullock appears to have stayed neutral during the 2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries.[52]

Bullock was chairman of the Democratic Governors Association in 2015, overseeing the election of Gov. John Bel Edwards of Louisiana,[53] a pro-life Southern Democrat who expanded Medicaid to more than 471,000 Louisianans and reformed his state's criminal justice system after winning the governorship of a heavily Republican state.[54] In 2015, Bullock expressed that there are "roles for all of us [Democrats]" within the party, referring to liberal, moderate, and conservative Democrats alike.[55]

Bullock was one of just three Democrats to win gubernatorial elections (one of whom, Jim Justice, is now a Republican), in states that President Trump carried in 2016, and the only incumbent Democratic governor to win re-election in a state that Trump carried.[56] He was also one of the only Democratic incumbents besides North Carolina State Auditor Beth Wood,[57] North Carolina Secretary of State Elaine Marshall,[58] West Virginia State Treasurer John Perdue,[59] and Pennsylvania Auditor General Eugene DePasquale[60] to win re-election to statewide offices in states that President Trump won in the 2016 presidential election.

After the 2016 elections, in which Democrats lost the presidency, ceded control of several governorships, and came short of winning majorities in the U.S. Senate and U.S. House of Representatives, Bullock has publicly argued that the Democratic Party needs to expand its reach beyond urban areas and the nation's two coasts. He has encouraged Democrats to engage with and attempt to persuade voters in suburban and rural areas rather than relying solely on base turnout.[61][62] He has visited Iowa,[63] Wisconsin,[64] and Colorado[65] to campaign for and speak in support of Democratic candidates during the 2018 election cycle. With visits to Iowa and New Hampshire in August 2018, Bullock is believed to be testing the waters for a presidential run in 2020.[66]

Immigration

Then-Attorney General Steve Bullock opposed a 2012 voter-approved law in the State of Montana, Legislative Referendum 121, that would have required state agencies to verify through a federal database whether individuals requesting certain services were U.S. citizens.[67] The law, which had been intended to deny government jobs and assistance to undocumented immigrants, was ruled unconstitutional and legally unenforceable.[68]

Despite pushback from Republican state legislators, Governor Bullock supported allowing Syrian refugees to resettle in the State of Montana in 2015, but promised that ensuring the safety of Montanans would be his "top priority" during the resettlement process.[69] At least 31 other governors at the time opposed the resettlement of Syrian refugees.[70]

Bullock supports the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program and signed a letter on Sept. 7, 2017 alongside 10 other governors to congressional leaders in support of legislation that would protect DACA recipients and "take immediate action to ensure that these young people can continue to live, work, and contribute to the country they have called home for most of their lives."[71]

On April 5, 2018, Bullock refused to deploy National Guard troops from Montana to the Mexican border "based simply on the whim of the President's morning Twitter habit."[72] In June of 2018, Bullock voiced strong opposition to the Trump administration's policy of family separations at the Mexican border, and said in a statement: "As a governor and a father, I'm disgusted. I don't care if it's the President or Congress - these atrocities must end immediately."[73]

LGBTQ community and marriage equality

Steve Bullock supports marriage equality, and praised a federal judge for striking down Montana's same-sex marriage ban in 2014, which made Montana the 34th U.S. state to legalize same-sex marriage.[74] He also supported the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling in Obergefell v. Hodges, which legalized same-sex marriage nationwide, and said in a statement on June 26, 2015: “This ruling protects the right of all Montanans to marry the person they love, and moves our state and nation closer to the promise of freedom, dignity, and equality that they were founded upon. All people, regardless of their sexual orientation, should have the opportunity to make a good life for themselves and their families.”[75] Bullock has also spoken at Pride rallies in Montana,[76][77], and, in 2015, became the first sitting governor in Montana history to officiate a same-sex wedding.[78]

In 2016, Bullock enacted an executive order that prohibits discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity for state employees, state contractors, and subcontractors.[79] The executive order expanded upon a previous executive order signed by former Governor Brian Schweitzer in 2008, which prohibited discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation but did not include protections for gender identity and did not apply to contractors or subcontractors.[80]

Net neutrality

Bullock supports net neutrality and opposed the Federal Communication Commission's decision to repeal net neutrality.[81] On Jan. 22, 2018, Bullock signed an executive order that any internet service provider with a state government contract cannot legally block or charge additional fees for faster delivery of websites, two major principles of net neutrality.[82] Through this executive order, Montana became the first state to implement and enforce net neutrality after the FCC repeal.[83] The governors of New York,[84] New Jersey,[85] Vermont,[86] Hawaii,[87] and Rhode Island[88] eventually followed suit.

Organized labor

Bullock has been recognized and endorsed by the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO)[89] and by the Montana Education Association - Montana Federation of Teachers[90] for his support of worker's rights and public education.

Bullock opposes right-to-work legislation,[91] which allows workers to forgo paying union dues while still benefitting from union-negotiated labor contracts.[92] Montana is the only state in the Upper Rocky Mountain region of the U.S. that does not have right-to-work legislation in place, and all of its neighboring states do not provide the same level of protection for labor unions.[93]

On January 18, 2018, Bullock filed an amicus brief to the U.S. Supreme Court in support of allowing labor unions to make "agency fees" mandatory. [94] Bullock opposed the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in Janus v. AFSCME, and said in a statement: "The US Supreme Court just overturned 40 years of settled law that workers, employers and unions across the country rely on. All the more ironic, the 5-4 decision cited Citizens United as a reason to do so."[95]

Electoral history

Montana's Attorney General Democratic Primary Election, 2000[96]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Mike McGrath 61,400 70.02
Democratic Steve Bullock 26,291 29.98
Montana's Attorney General Democratic Primary Election, 2008[97]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Steve Bullock 63,276 42.04
Democratic Mike Wheat 54,859 36.45
Democratic John Parker 32,362 21.50
Montana's Attorney General Election, 2008[98]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Steve Bullock 245,669 52.64
Republican Tim Fox 220,992 47.36
Montana's Gubernatorial Democratic Primary Election, 2012[99]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Steve Bullock/John Walsh 76,738 86.65
Democratic Heather Margolis/Steve Nelsen 11,823 13.35
Montana's Gubernatorial Election, 2012[100]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Steve Bullock/John Walsh 236,450 48.90
Republican Rick Hill/Jon Sonju 228,879 47.34
Libertarian Ron Vandevender/Marc Mulcahy 18,160 3.76
Montana's Gubernatorial Democratic Primary Election, 2016[101]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Steve Bullock/Mike Cooney (Incumbent) 111,675 91.22
Democratic Bill McChesney/Mike Anderson 10,744 8.78
Montana's Gubernatorial Election, 2016[102]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Steve Bullock/Mike Cooney (Incumbent) 255,933 50.25
Republican Greg Gianforte/Lesley Robinson 236,115 46.36
Libertarian Ted Dunlap/Ron Vandevender 17,312 3.39

References

  1. ↑ "Lisa Bullock Biography - Wife of Governor Steve Bullock". Biographytree.com. March 28, 2017. Retrieved July 16, 2018.
  2. ↑ State of Montana. "Governor Steve Bullock". Retrieved July 20, 2018.
  3. ↑ Beth Hanson, Amy (July 16, 2018). "Bullock Outlines Jobs Initiative for Governors Association". Flathead Beacon. Retrieved July 20, 2018.
  4. ↑ "Why I left Elizabeth Warren off my 2020 presidential list (and why I was wrong)". Washington Post. Retrieved May 24, 2017.
  5. ↑ Egan, Timothy (December 23, 2016). "Red State Hope for Democratic Blues". Retrieved May 24, 2017 – via NYTimes.com.
  6. ↑ "Bullock vows to create jobs and protect union rights" Archived 2014-11-19 at Archive.is, stevebullock.com; accessed September 17, 2015.
  7. ↑ "Attorney General Steve Bullock". Montana Department of Justice. Retrieved September 17, 2015.
  8. ↑ Bureau, JENNIFER McKEE Gazette State. "Bullock, Fox go toe-to-toe in attorney general race". The Billings Gazette. Retrieved 2018-09-21.
  9. ↑ "Attorney General Steve Bullock profile". Montana Department of Justice. Retrieved September 17, 2015.
  10. 1 2 "Attorney General Steve Bullock". Montana Department of Justice.
  11. ↑ "2000 Statewide General Canvass" (PDF). Montana Secretary of State. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-12-28.
  12. 1 2 "2008 Statewide General Canvass" (PDF). Montana Secretary of State. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04.
  13. ↑ "Prescription Drug Abuse: What We're Doing". Montana Department of Justice.
  14. ↑ "MT Senate Committee passes 24/7 Sobriety Program". KPAX.
  15. ↑ "Daily Testing keeps most DUI suspects sober". The Billings Gazette.
  16. ↑ "Montana AG sues Burlington Northern to cover some rail costs". Missoulian.
  17. ↑ "Bullock: State must protect agricultural producers". Missoulian.
  18. ↑ "Montana leads 16-state effort to save small farms and ranches". Missoulian.
  19. ↑ "FedEx settles with Montana over classification of delivery drivers". The Missoulian.
  20. ↑ "Montana—Big Sky, Clean Politics". LA Times.
  21. ↑ "Clean and Fair Elections". Montana Department of Justice.
  22. ↑ "Court Declines to Revisit its Citizens United Decision". New York Times.
  23. ↑ "Bridge Access Bill Now Law". Public Land and Water Access Association, Inc.
  24. ↑ "Bullock announces Democratic run for governor via internet, Billings event". Missoulian.
  25. ↑ "Bullock, Hill win governor primaries". Billings Gazette.
  26. ↑ "A Jobs Plan for Montana: Part 1: Creating Opportunities for Small Business" (PDF). stevebullock.com.
  27. ↑ "Bullock Proposes $400 tax rebates for Montana homeowners". The Missoulian.
  28. ↑ "Democrat Bullock taps former Montana adjutant general for lieutenant governor". The Missoulian.
  29. ↑ Networks Declare Bullock Winner in Tight Race for Governor, The Billings Gazette by Charles S. Johnson, Gazette State Bureau. November 6, 2012. Retrieved November 7, 2012.
  30. ↑ Michael Barone, et al. The Almanac of American Politics 2014 (2013) (Kindle Locations 48242-48245).
  31. ↑ Zuckermann, Laura. "Montana governor issues sage grouse conservation plan". Retrieved 14 September 2014.
  32. ↑ Bureau, Gazette State. "Bullock invites residents to inauguration ceremony". Retrieved May 24, 2017.
  33. ↑ Dennison, Mike (November 30, 2015). "Lt. Gov. McLean resigning to take higher-ed job". KRTV-TV. Great Falls, MT.
  34. ↑ Holly Michels. "Mike Cooney chosen as Montana's next lieutenant governor". Helena Independent Record. Retrieved 15 February 2016.
  35. ↑ Carter, Troy (September 20, 2016). "Morning Consult: Bullock approval rating at 66 percent". Bozeman Daily Chronicle. Retrieved March 16, 2017.
  36. ↑ "GOVERNOR STEVE BULLOCK SWORN IN AS MONTANA'S 24TH GOVERNOR". Office of Governor Steve Bullock: Newsroom. State of Montana. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  37. ↑ Johnson, Charles S. "Working together civilly is opening-day theme at Capitol". Bozeman Daily Chronicle. Bozeman Daily Chronicle. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  38. ↑ Johnson, Charles S. "Working together civilly is opening-day theme at Capitol". Bozeman Daily Chronicle. Bozeman Daily Chronicle. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  39. ↑ "Who Decides? The Status Of Women's Reproductive Rights in the United States" (PDF). NARAL. NARAL: Pro-Choice America. February 6, 2018. Retrieved July 2, 2018.
  40. ↑ "Governor Bullock Stands With Montana Families By Vetoing Extreme Bills Endangering Women". American Civil Liberties Union of Montana. ACLU Montana. Retrieved July 2, 2018.
  41. ↑ "Steve Bullock's Ratings and Endorsements". Vote Smart: Facts Matter. Vote Smart. Retrieved July 2, 2018.
  42. ↑ Stahl, Martha. "Big Sky Impact: Election Recap" (PDF). Planned Parenthood Advocates of Montana. Planned Parenthood Advocates of Montana. Retrieved July 2, 2018.
  43. ↑ Inslee, Jay. "Letter to Alex Azar" (PDF). Democratic Governors Association. Democratic Governors Association. Retrieved July 2, 2018.
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  46. ↑ Memoli, Mike. "Montana governor pushes for more transparency on donors". NBC News. NBC News. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  47. ↑ Johnson, Charles S. "Bullock signs Montana campaign finance bill into law". Billings Gazette. Billings Gazette. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  48. ↑ Associated Press. "Bullock tells Montana contractors to report 'dark money'". CP: Colorado Politics. Colorado Politics. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  49. ↑ Hanson, Amy Beth. "Montana governor sues over IRS policy on tax-exempt groups". Seattle Times. The Seattle Times. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  50. ↑ Lorenzo, Aaron. "Treasury defends move to halt nonprofit disclosures amid Wyden threat". Politico. Politico LLC. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  51. ↑ Retana, Judith. "Bullock will not attend DNC, still endorses Clinton". NBC Montana. NBC Montana. Retrieved July 2, 2018.
  52. ↑ "Hillary Endorsements - The 5 GOVs She Needs For a Sweep (OT Update: Donna Edwards has endorsed HRC)". Daily Kos. Kos Media, LLC. Retrieved July 2, 2018.
  53. ↑ Bullock, Steve. "DGA Chair Governor Steve Bullock's Statement on Louisiana Victory". Democratic Governors Association. Democratic Governors Association. Retrieved July 2, 2018.
  54. ↑ Crisp, Elizabeth. "Poll: Louisiana residents view Medicaid expansion, criminal justice changes favorably". The Advocate (Baton Rouge, LA). The Advocate. Retrieved July 2, 2018.
  55. ↑ Cheney, Kyle; Pradhan, Rachana. "Red-state Democrats fret about leftward shift". Politico: Elections. Politico LLC. Retrieved July 2, 2018.
  56. ↑ Associated Press. "2016 Governor Election Results". Politico. Politico LLC. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
  57. ↑ "North Carolina Auditor Results: Beth Wood Leads". The New York Times. The New York Times. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
  58. ↑ Associated Press. "North Carolina Results". The New York Times. The New York Times.
  59. ↑ "West Virginia Treasurer Results: John Perdue Wins". The New York Times. The New York Times. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
  60. ↑ "Pennsylvania Auditor General Results: Eugene DePasquale Wins". The New York Times. The New York Times. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
  61. ↑ Bullock, Steve. "May 16, 2017 CAP Ideas Conference: Gov. Steve Bullock (D-MT)". Center for American Progress. Center for American Progress. Retrieved July 2, 2018.
  62. ↑ Bullock, Steve. "How Democrats Can Win in the West". The New York TImes. The New York Times Company. Retrieved July 2, 2018.
  63. ↑ Volz, Matt. "Gov. Bullock travels to Iowa as he explores possible 2020 run for president". Great Falls Tribune: Part Of The USA Today Network. USA Today. Retrieved July 2, 2018.
  64. ↑ Benson, Charles. "Possible 2020 presidential candidate Steve Bullock visits Milwaukee". Today's TMJ-4: WTMJ-TV Milwaukee. Scripps TV Station Group. Retrieved July 2, 2018.
  65. ↑ Luning, Ernest. "Montana Governor Steve Bullock tapped to keynote Colorado Democrats' annual dinner". Colorado Politics. Colorado Politics. Retrieved July 2, 2018.
  66. ↑ State of the Union, Jake Tapper, CNN August 19, 2018
  67. ↑ Adams, John S. "Court strikes down Montana immigration law". USA Today. USA Todat. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  68. ↑ Adams, John S. "Court strikes down Montana immigration law". USA Today. USA Todat. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  69. ↑ Michels, Holly. "[UPDATED] 55 legislators tell Bullock to block Syrian refugees". Missoulian. Missoulian. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  70. ↑ Michels, Holly. "[UPDATED] 55 legislators tell Bullock to block Syrian refugees". Missoulian. Missoulian. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  71. ↑ Lee, Tara. "11 governors urge Congress to take immediate action to protect DACA recipients". Washington Governor Jay Inslee. State of Washington. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  72. ↑ Associated Press. "Bullock says no to Guard deployment based on Trump's 'whim'". Great Falls Tribune. USA Today Network. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  73. ↑ Inslee, Jay (Chair). "VIDEO: Dem Govs Lead Pushback to Trump on Child Separation Crisis". Democratic Governors Association. Democratic Governors Association. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  74. ↑ Whitcomb, Dan. "U.S. judge strikes down Montana's gay marriage ban". Reuters: U.S. Reuters. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  75. ↑ Parker, Dave. "BULLOCK STATEMENT ON MARRIAGE EQUALITY RULING". Montana.Gov: Official State Website. State of Montana. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  76. ↑ "Acceptance and equality focus of Big Sky Pride Rally". 9KXLH.com: Montana's News Leader, Helena and Central Montana. Cordillera Communications. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  77. ↑ Kuglin, Tom. "'Show them our hearts': Big Sky Pride marks 25th year with parade and rally in Helena". Helena Independent Record. Helena Independent Record. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  78. ↑ Drake, Phil. "Bullock first Montana governor to officiate same-sex wedding". Great Falls Tribune. USA Today Network. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  79. ↑ Dehaven, James. "Bullock expands discrimination ban to cover gender identity, military service, pregnancy". Missoulian. Missoulian. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  80. ↑ Metzger, Ianthe. "Montana Gov Steve Bullock Signs Executive Order Protecting LGBT State Employees". Human Rights Campaign. Human Rights Campaign. Retrieved 19 July 2018.
  81. ↑ Lecher, Colin. "Montana governor signs executive order to keep net neutrality in the state". The Verge. Vox Media. Retrieved 5 September 2018.
  82. ↑ Kang, Cecelia. "Montana Governor Signs Order to Force Net Neutrality". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. Retrieved 5 September 2018.
  83. ↑ Neidig, Harper. "Montana becomes first state to implement net neutrality after FCC repeal". The Hill. The Hill. Retrieved 5 September 2018.
  84. ↑ "Governor Cuomo Signs Executive Order to Protect and Strengthen Net Neutrality in New York". Office of Governor Andrew M. Cuomo. Governor of New York. Retrieved 5 September 2018.
  85. ↑ Neidig, Harper. "New Jersey governor signs net neutrality order". The Hill. Capitol Hill Publishing Corporation. Retrieved 5 September 2018.
  86. ↑ McCarthy, Kieren. "Vermont becomes fifth US state to boot up its own net neutrality rules". The Register: Biting the hand that feeds IT. Situation Publishing. Retrieved 5 September 2018.
  87. ↑ Leong, Jodi; McMillan, Cindy. "GOVERNOR IGE SIGNS EXECUTIVE ORDER TO PROTECT NET NEUTRALITY IN HAWAI'I". State of Hawaii. State of Hawaii. Retrieved 5 September 2018.
  88. ↑ Anderson, Patrick. "Raimondo orders state agencies to use internet providers that observe net neutrality". Providence Journal. GateHouse Media, LLC. Retrieved 5 September 2018.
  89. ↑ Calvan, Bobby Caina. "AFL-CIO leader vows union support for Bullock, Juneau". Associated Press. Associated Press. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  90. ↑ Pérez, Félix. "Governors races in MO, MT and NC put spotlight on students, educators". Education Votes. National Education Association. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  91. ↑ Johnson, Charles S. "Bullock seeks governor's office vowing to create jobs, protect union rights". Billings Gazette. Billings Gazette. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  92. ↑ Olson, Elizabeth G. "What right-to-work laws really mean". Fortune. Time Inc. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  93. ↑ Johnson, Charles S. "Bullock seeks governor's office vowing to create jobs, protect union rights". Billings Gazette. Billings Gazette. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  94. ↑ Dennison, Mike. "Gov. Bullock tells U.S. Supreme Court to preserve labor union `agency fees'". KRTV.com. Cordillera Communications. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  95. ↑ KECI Staff. "MT officials react to Supreme Court organized labor ruling". NBC Montana. NBC. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
  96. ↑ Cooney, Mike. "2000 STATEWIDE PRIMARY CANVASS - JUNE 6, 2000" (PDF). Secretary of State of Montana. Secretary of State Mike Cooney. Retrieved December 17, 2017.
  97. ↑ Johnson, Brad. "2008 STATEWIDE PRIMARY CANVASS - JUNE 3rd, 2008" (PDF). Secretary of State of Montana. Secretary of State Brad Johnson. Retrieved December 17, 2017.
  98. ↑ Johnson, Brad. "2008 STATEWIDE GENERAL CANVASS - NOVEMBER 4th, 2008" (PDF). Secretary of State of Montana. Secretary of State Brad Johnson. Retrieved December 17, 2017.
  99. ↑ McCulloch, Linda. "2012 STATEWIDE PRIMARY ELECTION CANVASS" (PDF). Secretary of State of Montana. Secretary of State Linda McCulloch. Retrieved December 17, 2017.
  100. ↑ McCulloch, Linda. "2012 STATEWIDE GENERAL ELECTION CANVASS" (PDF). Secretary of State of Montana. Secretary of State Linda McCulloch. Retrieved December 17, 2017.
  101. ↑ McCulloch, Linda. "2016 STATEWIDE PRIMARY ELECTION CANVASS" (PDF). Secretary of State of Montana. Secretary of State Linda McCulloch. Retrieved December 17, 2017.
  102. ↑ McCulloch, Linda. "2016 STATEWIDE GENERAL ELECTION CANVASS" (PDF). Secretary of State of Montana. Secretary of State Linda McCulloch. Retrieved December 17, 2017.
Legal offices
Preceded by
Mike McGrath		 Attorney General of Montana
2009–2013		 Succeeded by
Tim Fox
Party political offices
Preceded by
Brian Schweitzer		 Democratic nominee for Governor of Montana
2012, 2016		 Most recent
Preceded by
Peter Shumlin		 Chair of the Democratic Governors Association
2014–2015		 Succeeded by
Dan Malloy
Political offices
Preceded by
Brian Schweitzer		 Governor of Montana
2013–present		 Incumbent
Preceded by
Brian Sandoval		 Chair of the National Governors Association
2018–present
Current U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial)
Preceded by
Mike Pence
as Vice President		 Order of Precedence of the United States
Within Montana		 Succeeded by
Mayor of city
in which event is held
Succeeded by
Otherwise Paul Ryan
as Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by
Dennis Daugaard
as Governor of South Dakota		 Order of Precedence of the United States
Outside Montana		 Succeeded by
Jay Inslee
as Governor of Washington
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