Politics of Punjab, India

Politics in reorganised present-day Punjab is dominated by mainly two parties. One is Shiromani Akali Dal(Badal)[1] and the other is Indian National Congress.[2] Since 1967, Chief Minister of Punjab has been predominantly from Jat Sikh community despite its 21 percent state population.[3][4][5] Only exception was Giani Zail Singh, the Chief Minister of Punjab from 17 March 1972 to 30 April 1977 belonging to Other Backward Class (Ramgarhia OBC) community[6][7][8] that has population of 31.3 percent. However Scheduled Castes (Dalit) community never had Chief Minister from community[9] or proper representation in Government, despite having 32 percent population in the state.[10][11] Other prominent party is Bahujan Samaj Party especially in Doaba region. In 1992 BSP won 9 seats Vidhan Sabha elections.[12] Also BSP won 3 lok sabha seats from Punjab in 1996 general elections[13] [14] and only Garhshanker seat in 1997 Vidhan Sabha elections.[15] Communist parties too have some influence in the Malwa area.[16] In the 2014 general elections, the first-time contesting Aam Aadmi Party got 4 out of 13 seats in Punjab by winning 34 of the total 117 assembly segments, coming second in 7, third in 73 and fourth in the rest 3 segments.[17] The support for the Aam Aadmi Party increased later in Punjab.[18][19] The current Government was elected in the 2017 Punjab Assembly elections and the Congress won 77 out of 117 Assembly seats with Captain Amarinder Singh as the current Chief Minister. The AAP, fighting its first assembly election in the state, won 20 seats. The incumbent BJP-SAD alliance came third with 18 seats.[20]

History

Pre-1947 period

Before 1947 partition of Punjab, politics were dominated by Unionist Party as it was main party in united Punjab especially seen in 1937 elections.[21][22]

1947–1966

During 1947-1966 Punjab was undivided and consisted of present-day Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, and Chandigarh.[23] This meant that both population and religion factor of whole state was mixed and politics were dominated by Indian National Congress.[24][25][26][27]

Political parties

Punjab has many political parties but only five parties recognized by Election Commission of India and having presence in the state:

See also

References

  1. ↑ "HT Explainer: Three years short of 100, SAD's struggle for a comeback". HindustanTimes. 2017-12-15. Retrieved 2018-08-14.
  2. ↑ "Punjab's tryst with destiny". The Indian Express. 2016-10-24. Retrieved 2018-08-14.
  3. ↑ "Dalit votes to decide ruling party of Punjab". India Today. Retrieved 2018-08-23.
  4. ↑ "Why only a Jat Sikh can become Punjab CM, questions ousted Cong leader - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2018-08-23.
  5. ↑ Kumar, Pramod (2017-01-11). "The Punjab poll vault". The Tribune. Retrieved 2018-08-23.
  6. ↑ "One gurdwara in village blurs caste lines - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2018-08-23.
  7. ↑ "Ramgarhia Forum appeals CM Fadnavis for OBC status to Ramgarhia Sikhs in state". nagpurtoday.in. Retrieved 2018-08-23.
  8. ↑ "Amarinder challenges CM Badal from Lambi - The Sunday Guardian Live". The Sunday Guardian Live. 2017-01-15. Retrieved 2018-08-23.
  9. ↑ "Meira Kumar gives call for Dalit Punjab CM - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2018-08-23.
  10. ↑ "Amarinder Singh cabinet has 3 Dalits despite 32 per cent vote share, Jat Sikhs continue to rule Punjab". India Today. Retrieved 2018-08-23.
  11. ↑ "Punjab Congress faces rebellion over lack of representation for Dalits". CatchNews.com. Retrieved 2018-08-23.
  12. ↑ "Punjab Assembly Election Results in 1992". Elections.in. 11 April 2014. Retrieved 21 May 2016.
  13. ↑ Roy, Meenu. India Votes, Elections 1996: A Critical Analysis. p. 198.
  14. ↑ "Result Of Punjab In 1996".
  15. ↑ "In 1997, the BSP won Vidhan Sabha seat of Garhshankar". hindustantimes.com/. 18 May 2013. Retrieved 21 May 2016.
  16. ↑ Kumar, P. "Coalition Politics in Punjab in E. Sridharan" (PDF).
  17. ↑ "Details of Assembly Segments of Parliamentary Constituencies - General Elections, 2014 - 16th Lok Sabha (page 946 of 1698)" (PDF). Election Commission of India.
  18. ↑ N, TN (20 May 2014). "'Other party netas lining up for AAP'". The Times of India. Retrieved 21 May 2016.
  19. ↑ Mohan, Vibhor (21 May 2014). "AAP may face problem of plenty in choosing candidates for bypolls". The Times of India. Retrieved 21 May 2016.
  20. ↑ "Punjab Election Result 2017: Congress' Amarinder Singh Defeats Akali Dal-BJP, AAP - Highlights". NDTV.com. Retrieved 2018-07-31.
  21. ↑ Talbot, Ian. Khizr Tiwana, the Punjab Unionist Party and the Partition of India.
  22. ↑ Low, D. A. Political Inheritance of Pakistan. p. 86.
  23. ↑ Dhaliwal, Sarbjit (2016-09-09). "Punjabi Suba: What's there to celebrate?". Tribuneindia News Service. Retrieved 2018-08-14.
  24. ↑ "Revisiting past elections..." Tribuneindia News Service. 2016-10-30. Retrieved 2018-08-14.
  25. ↑ "When Punjab & PEPSU merged". Tribuneindia News Service. 2016-11-06. Retrieved 2018-08-14.
  26. ↑ "Kairon retains his hold on Punjab". Tribuneindia News Service. 2016-11-13. Retrieved 2018-08-14.
  27. ↑ "A United Front pushes Congress to the Opposition Benches". Tribuneindia News Service. 2016-11-20. Retrieved 2018-08-14.
  28. ↑ "List of All the Political Parties in India". Jagranjosh.com. 2018-04-16. Retrieved 2018-07-30.
  29. ↑ "Recognition of 'All India Trinamool Congress, as a National party" (PDF). ECI. Retrieved 17 September 2016.
  30. ↑ "Aam Aadmi Party recognised as state party in Punjab". Deccan Chronicle. 2014-06-03. Retrieved 2018-07-30.
  31. ↑ "State Parties". eci.nic.in. Retrieved 2018-07-30.
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