Punjab Legislative Assembly election, 2017

Punjab legislative assembly election, 2017
4 February 2017
All 117 seats of the Punjab Legislative Assembly
59 seats needed for a majority
Turnout 76.83%Decrease1.37

  Majority party Minority party Third party
 
Leader Captain Amarinder Singh None[1] Parkash Singh Badal
Party INC AAP SAD
Alliance UPA AAP+ NDA
Leader since 27 November 2015[2] - 1 March 2007
Leader's seat Patiala (Won)
Lambi (Lost)		 - Lambi
Last election 46 Party did not exist 56
Seats after 77 20 15
Seat change Increase 31 - Decrease 41
Popular vote 5,945,899 3,662,665 3,898,161
Percentage 38.64% 23.80% 25.33%
Swing Decrease 1.47% - Decrease 9.43%
  Fourth party Fifth party
 
Leader None Simarjit Singh Bains
Party BJP Lok Insaaf Party
Alliance NDA AAP+
Leader since - 28 October 2016[3]
Leader's seat - Atam Nagar
Last election 12 Party did not exist
Seats after 3 2
Seat change Decrease 9 -
Popular vote 833,092 189,228
Percentage 5.41% 1.23%
Swing Decrease 1.77% -
Chief Minister before election

Prakash Singh Badal
SAD

 Elected Chief Minister

Amarinder Singh
INC

A Legislative Assembly election was held in the Indian state of Punjab[4] on 4 February 2017 to elect the 117 members of the Punjab Legislative Assembly. The counting of votes was done on 11 March 2017.[5] The ruling pre-election coalition was the alliance[6][7] comprising the political parties Shiromani Akali Dal and Bharatiya Janata Party and led by Chief Minister Parkash Singh Badal. The voter turnout for the Punjab Assembly election was 76.83%. The Indian National Congress led by former Chief Minister Captain Amarinder Singh defeated the rulling alliance and the new comer Aam Aadmi Party.[8]

Background

Electoral process changes

In April 2016, the Election Commission of India revealed about 8 lakh bogus votes of state being cancelled in the past one year and over 7 lakh youngsters who have attained the age of 18 this year were yet to get registered. One constituency in every district will be chosen for trial run of Voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT) machines used along with EVMs.[9] Election Commission also decided to set up new polling stations if the number of voters was more than 1200 in rural areas and 1400 in urban areas.[10]

33 constituencies of all district headquarters in Punjab had VVPAT machines installed with EVMs,[11][12][13][14] [15][16] including 22 district headquarters besides 11 high-profile constituencies.[17]

Assembly constituencies of Punjab having VVPAT facility with EVMs[18]
LambiJalalabadMajithaPatiala
Atam NagarChabbewalGuruharsahaiFerozpur
BarnalaSanourLehragagaJalandhar (central)
Bathinda (urban)RaikotMogaAnandpur Sahib
BholathQadianChabbewalRampura Phul


As per the special summary revision of electoral rolls, there are a total of 1.9 crore voters in Punjab as of August 2016.[19]

Final voters list for Punjab Legislative Assembly election 2017
S.NoGroup of votersVoters population
1Male1.05 crore
2Female94 lakhs
Total Voters1.9 crore

Political developments

The 2014 general election was held in Punjab for 13 parliamentary constituencies. Shiromani Akali Dal and Aam Aadmi Party won 4 seats each, Congress won 3, and 2 constituencies elected Bharatiya Janata Party candidates. The first-time contesting Aam Aadmi Party won from 34 of the total 117 assembly segments, coming second in 7, third in 73 and fourth in the rest 3 segments.[20] Wherever it trailed the major parties its vote share was mostly bigger than the margin of victory of the winning candidate, turning forthcoming elections into three-cornered contests.[21]

Shiromani Akali Dal-Bharatiya Janata Party

The previous election, held in 2012, resulted in a majority of seats being won by ruling Shiromani Akali Dal-Bharatiya Janata Party and Parkash Singh Badal became Chief Minister of Punjab.

Aam Aadmi Party

In December 2015, Aam Aadmi Party declared that it would contest the Legislative Assembly elections in 2017.[22] AAP which did not participate in the previous assembly election, had fought 2014 lok sabha elections. Their 2014 performance translates to 33 assembly seats out of 117.[23] The performance of AAP was below expectations and 25 candidates of the party lost their deposit amounts.

Indian National Congress

The Congress will take part in the elections under the leadership of Amarinder Singh, and the party has hired poll strategist Prashant Kishor for campaigning.[24][25]

Bahujan Samaj Party

The BSP is the fourth largest party in Punjab after improving its vote share in 2012 elections[26] started preparations for 2017 early by launching Punjab Bachao Abhiyaan from 1 November 2014.[27] In 2012, the BSP came second from Balachaur Vidhan sabha seat with 21943 votes.[28] On 15 March 2016, Mayawati during a mega-rally in Nawanshahr on the birth anniversary of BSP founder Kanshi Ram in Punjab attacked SAD-BJP government as 'anti-Dalit' and Arvind Kejriwal as a "baniya" who had "always worked against Dalit and Scheduled Caste people" before he became Delhi CM.[29] Mayawati also declared that the BSP will contest Punjab 2017 elections on its own in all 117 seats.[30][31] The BSP declared that it will root out the drug menace from the state within a month of coming to power in Punjab.[32] In 9 June 2016, BSP national president Mayawati supported the film on Punjab drug abuse Udta Punjab, saying there is 'nothing wrong' in it.[33] In May 2016, the BSP launched the Pind Pind Chalo, Ghar Ghar Chalo campaign, a door-to-door driveto to cover 29 million people across 550,000 households with Punjab Bachao, BSP laao (Save Punjab, elect BSP) as its main slogan as well as the overall theme of the campaign.[34] The BSP formed 65 teams for around 15,000 big and small rallies as well as seminars to be conducted in the state. The party also announced a 10 percent reservation for the poor upper castes if the BSP government comes to power in Punjab.[35] BSP Punjab unit started social media campaigning[36] and also visited NRIs for support in Vienna,[37] Europe and North America.[38] On 16 May 2016, the Ambedkar Sena Punjab merged with BSP.[39] Gurmel Chander, former president of The SC & BC teachers employees Union, joined the BSP on 25 August.[40] On 25 September 2016, the BSP announced a list of nine candidates for 2017 Punjab assembly elections.[41] On 25 September 2016, Avtar Singh Karimpuri was replaced with Rashpal Singh Raju as BSP Punjab state president as the former was declared a Vidhan Sabha candidate from Phillaur.[42][43] Karimpuri’s entry in Phillaur constituency has spiced up the political battle in the seat.[44] Karimpuri said that the Punjab Congress does not want an alliance with the BSP, rather its agenda was to wipe out BSP from Punjab in the 2017 assembly elections.[45] New BSP president Rashpal Raju announced a mega-rally in Phagwara on 9 October Parinirvana divas of BSP founder Kanshi Ram.[46] At this rally Avtar Singh Karimpuri and Dr Megh Raj attacked Shiromani Akali Dal and Congress as anti-Sikh parties.[47]

Election issues

First and foremost issue is Drug peddling, There are several election issues like unemployment & lack of skills, farmers' crises, continually failing economy, sifarish (patronage & influence peddling & nepotism), unbridled crime and the role of goons in day-to-day matters of the citizen,[48] road rage & accidents,[49] Atrocities against Dalits[50][51][52] and dalit land issues in Sangrur area,[53][54] the 1984 anti-Sikh riots[55] and the supply of drugs & addiction to them.[56][57][58] Punjabi Non-resident Indians (NRIs) play a major role in elections.[59]

Caste and religion data

As per the 2011 census, 57.69% of the state's population follows Sikhism, making Punjab the only Sikh majority state in India.[60] Hindus form 38.5% of the population, while Muslims, 1.93%; Christians, 1.3%; Buddhists, 0.12%; and Jains, 0.16%.[61] Dalits (Scheduled Castes) constitute 31.94% of the population, the highest percentage amongst all the states.[62] Other Backward Classes (OBCs) like -Sainis, Sunar,[63] Kambojs, Tarkhans/Ramgarhias, Gurjars, Kumhars/Prajapatis, Telis, Banjaras, Lohars[64][65] constitute 20%- 25% of the population.[66][67] Jat-Sikhs comprise 21% of the population [68] while other forward castes (general category) - Brahmins, Khatris/Bhapas, Bania, Thakurs/Rajputs constitute around 20%. As of 2016, Government of India has not publicly released Socio Economic and Caste Census 2011 caste population data for every single non-SC/ST castes (General castes, OBC/EBCs) in India.[69][70][71][72][73]

Population by faith in Punjab, India (2011)

  Sikh (58%)
  Hindu (38.5%)
  Muslim (1.9%)
  Christian (1.3%)
  Others and non - religious (0.60%)
Caste Population data of Punjab
CastePopulation (%)Notes
OBC 31.3% includes Saini - 9%[74], Sunar - 0.3%[75][76], and (Kamboj, Bhat, Labana, Tarkhan/Ramgarhia, Kumhar/Prajapati, Arain, Gurjar, Teli, Banjara, Lohar[77]) - 22%[78][79]
Scheduled Castes (Dalits) 31.9%[80] includes Mazhabi Sikh - 10%, Ramdasia Sikh/Ravidassia (Chamar)/Ad-Dharmi - 13.1%, Balmiki/Bhanghi - 3.5%, Bazigar - 1.05%, Others - 4%[81]
Forward caste 33% includes Jat Sikh - 21%[82], Sikh Rajputs[83], Brahmin, Rajput, Bania, Khatri-Arora-Sood[84]
Others 3.8%[85] includes Muslims, Christians, Buddhists, Jains

Schedule

of vote in assembly elections in Punjab will take place on 11 March. The Punjab state witnessed a tough fight between the major four political parties in the assembly election held on 4 February 2017.[86] The term of the current assembly will end on 18 March 2017.[87]

Districts and constituencies

Distribution of seats

Distribution per district

DistrictSeats
Ludhiana14
Amritsar11
Jalandhar9
Patiala8
Gurdaspur7
Hoshiarpur7
Sangrur7
Bathinda6
Fazilka4
Firozpur4
Kapurthala4
Moga4
Muktsar4
Tarn Taran4
Barnala3
Faridkot3
Fatehgarh Sahib3
Mansa3
Nawanshahr3
Pathankot3
Rup Nagar3
S.A.S. Nagar3
Sum117

Distribution per region

RegionSeats
Malwa69
Majha25
Doaba23
Sum117

Opinion polls

Polling firm/Link Date SAD-BJP INC AAP
HuffPost-CVoter [88] Feb 2017 11 43 63
AajTak-Axis Jan 2017 11-15 (13) 60-65 (63) 41-44 (43)
ABP News-CSDS Jan 2017 28-36 (32) 47-55 (51) 26-34 (30)
TV24 News[89] Jan 2017 20-25(22) 27-35(31) 70-80(75)
VDP Associates [90] Jan 2017 7 44 62
The Week-Hansa Research [91] Jan 2017 28-30 (29) 49-51 (50) 33-35 (34)
India Today-Axis [92] Jan 2017 18-22 (20) 56-62 (59) 36-41 (39)
Lokniti-ABP-CSDS [93] Jan 2017 50-58 (54) 41-49 (45) 12-18 (15)
Polls Average from January 2017 to 2 February 2017 24 48 45
VDP Associates [94] Oct 2016 6 15 93
Axis - India Today [95] Oct 2016 17-21 (19) 49-55 (52) 42-46 (44)
TV24 India [96] Aug 2016 20-25 (23) 27-35 (31) 70-80 (75)
HuffPost-C Voter Mar 2016 06-12(9) 08-14(11) 94-100(97)
Polls Average Till Oct 2016 20 40 57

Exit polls

Polling firm/Link Date AAP SAD-BJP INC

! style="background:#FF9900;"|
News24/Today's Chanakya [97] March 2017 54 ± 9 9 ± 5 54 ± 9
India Today/Axis [98] March 2017 42-51 4-7 62-71
IndiaTv/Cvoter [99] March 2017 59-67 5-13 41-49

Results

The election results were declared on 11 March 2017, with the Indian National Congress winning an absolute majority of seats.[100]

← Summary of 4 February 2017 Punjab Legislative Assembly election results[101]
Parties and coalitions Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Contested Won +/−
Indian National Congress (INC) 5,945,899 38.5 Decrease1.4 117 77 Increase31
Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) 3,662,665 23.7 Increase23.7 112 20 Increase20
Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD) 3,898,161 25.2 Decrease9.4 94 15 Decrease41
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) 833,092 5.4 Decrease1.8 23 3 Decrease9
Independents (IND) 323,243 2.1 Decrease5.0 303 0 Decrease3
Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) 234,400 1.5 Decrease2.8 117 0 Steady
Lok Insaaf Party (LIP) 189,228 1.2 Increase1.2 5 2 Increase2
Shiromani Akali Dal (Amritsar) (SAD(M)) 49,260 0.3 Steady 54 0 Steady
Aapna Punjab Party (APPA) 37,476 0.2 Steady 78 0 Steady
Revolutionary Marxist Party (RMPOI) 37,243 0.2 Steady 13 0 Steady
Communist Party of India (CPI) 34,074 0.2 Decrease0.6 23 0 Steady
None of the above (NOTA) 108,471 0.7 Increase0.7 N/A Steady
Total 15,443,466100.00 117±0

List of winning candidates

ConstituencyWinner Political partyNumber of votes won
AboharArun Narang BJP55,091
AdampurPawan Kumar Tinu SAD45,229
AjnalaHarpartap Singh INC61,378
AmargarhSurjit Singh Dhiman INC50,994
AmlohRandeep Singh Nabha INC39,669
Amritsar CentralOm Parkash Soni INC51,242
Amritsar EastNavjot Singh Sidhu INC60,477
Amritsar NorthSunil Dutti INC59,212
Amritsar SouthInderbir Singh Bolaria INC47,581
Amritsar WestRaj Kumar Verka INC52,271
Ananadpur SahibKanwar Pal Singh INC60,800
Atam NagarSimarjit Singh Bains LIP53,421
AttariTarsem Singh D.C. INC55,335
Baba BakalaSantokh Singh INC45,965
BalachaurDarshan Lal INC49,558
BalluanaNathu Ram INC25,266
BangaSukhwinder Kumar SAD45,256
BarnalaGurmeet Singh Meet Hayer AAP47,606
Bassi PathanaGurpreet Singh INC47,319
BatalaLakhbir Singh Lodhinangal SAD42,517
Bathinda RuralRupinder Kaur Ruby AAP51,572
Bathinda UrbanManpreet Singh Badal INC63,942
BhadaurPirmal Singh Dhaula AAP57,095
Bhagha PuranaDarshan Singh Brar INC48,668
BhoaJoginder Pal INC67,865
BholathSukhpal Singh Khaira AAP48,873
Bhucho MandiPritam Singh Kotbhai INC51,605
BudhaladaBudh Ram AAP52,265
ChabbewalDr. Raj Kumar INC57,857
Chamkaur SahibCharanjit Singh Channi INC61,060
DakhaHarvinder Singh Phoolka AAP58,923
DasuyaArun Dogra INC56,527
Dera Baba NanakSukhjinder Singh Randhawa INC60,385
Dera BassiNarinder Kumar Sharma SAD70,792
DharamkotSukhjit Singh INC63,238
DhuriDalvir Singh Khangura INC49,347
Dina NagarAruna Chaudhary INC72,176
DirbaHarpal Singh Cheema AAP46,434
FaridkotKusaldeep Singh Dhillon INC51,026
Fatehgarh ChurianTripat Rajinder Singh Bajwa INC54,348
Fatehgarh SahibKuljit Singh Nagra INC58,205
FazilkaDavinder Singh Ghubaya INC39,276
Firozpur CityParminder Singh Pinki INC67,559
Firozpur RuralSatkar Kaur INC71,037
GarhshankarJai Krishan AAP41,720
GhanaurThekedar Madan Lal Jalapur INC65,965
GidderbahaAmrinder Singh Raja Warring INC63,500
GillKuldeep Singh Vaid INC67,927
GurudaspurBarindermeet Singh Pahara INC67,709
Guru Har SahaiGurmeet Singh Sodhi INC62,787
HoshiarpurSunder Sham Arora INC49,951
JagraonSarvjit Kaur Manuke AAP61,521
JaituBaldev Singh AAP45,344
JalalabadSukhbir Singh Badal SAD75,271
Jalandhar CanttPargat Singh INC59,349
Jalandhar CentralRajinder Beri INC55,518
Jalandhar NorthAvtar Singh Junior INC69,715
Jalandhar WestSushil Kumar Rinku INC53,983
JandialaSukhwinder Singh Danny Bandala INC53,042
KapurthalaRana Gurjeet Singh INC56,378
KartarpurChaudhary Surinder Singh INC46,729
Khadoor SahibRamanjit Singh Sikki INC64,666
KhannaGurkirat Singh Kotli INC55,690
KhararKanwar Sandhu AAP54,171
Khem KaranSukhpal Singh Bhullar INC81,897
KotkapuraKultar Singh Sadhwan AAP47,401
LambiParkash Singh Badal SAD66,375
LehraParminder Singh Dhindsa SAD65,550
Ludhiana CentralSurinder Kumar Dawar INC47,871
Ludhiana EastSanjeev Talwar INC43,010
Ludhiana NorthRakesh Pandey INC44,864
Ludhiana SouthBalwinder Singh Bains LIP53,955
Ludhiana WestBharat Bhushan Ashu INC66,627
MajithaBikram Singh Majithia SAD65,803
MalerkotlaRazia Sultana INC58,982
MaloutAjaib Singh Bhatti INC49,098
MansaNazar Singh Manshahia AAP70,586
MaurJagdev Singh AAP62,282
Mehal KalanKulwant Singh Pandori AAP57,551
MogaHarjot Kamal Singh INC52,357
MukerianRajnish Kumar Babbi INC56,787
MuktsarKanwarjit Singh SAD44,894
NabhaSadhu Singh INC60,861
NakodarGurpartap Singh Wadala SAD56,241
Nawan ShahrAngad Singh INC38,197
Nihal Singh WalaManjit Singh AAP67,313
PathankotAmit Vij INC56,383
PatialaAmarinder Singh INC72,586
Patiala RuralBrahm Mohindra INC68,891
PattiHarmider Singh Gill INC64,617
PayalLakhvir Singh Lakha INC57,776
PhagwaraSom Parkash BJP45,479
PhillaurBaldev Singh Khaira SAD41,336
QadianFatehjang Singh Bajwa INC62,596
RaikotJagtar Singh Jagga Hissowal AAP48,245
Raja SansiSukhbinder Singh Sarkaria INC59,628
RajpuraHardial Singh Kamboj INC59,107
Rampura PhulGurpreet Singh Kangar INC55,269
RupnagarAmarjit Singh Sandoa AAP58,994
Sahibzada Ajit Singh NagarBalbir Singh Sidhu INC66,844
SahnewalSharanjit Singh Dhillon SAD63,184
SamanaRajinder Singh INC62,551
SamralaAmrik Singh Dhillon INC51,930
SangrurVijay Inder Singla INC67,310
SanourHarinder Pal Singh Chandumajra SAD58,867
SardulgarhDilraj Singh SAD59,420
ShahkotAjit Singh Kohar SAD46,913
Sham ChaurasiPawan Kumar Adia INC46,612
ShutranaNirmal Singh INC58,008
Sri HargobindpurBalwinder Singh INC57,489
SujanpurDinesh Singh BJP48,910
Sultanpur LodhiNavtej Singh Cheema INC41,843
SunamAman Arora AAP72,815
Talwandi SaboProf. Baljinder Kaur AAP54,553
Tarn TaranDr. Dharambir Singh Agnihotri INC59,794
UrmarSangat Singh Gilzian INC51,477
ZiraKulbir Singh Zira INC69,899
Source: Election Commission of India

See also

References

  1. ↑ Punjab poll results: No CM face, ‘radical link’ did AAP in
  2. ↑ "'Amarinder appointed Captain of Punjab Congress'". Daily Post India. 27 November 2015. Archived from the original on 8 December 2015.
  3. ↑ "Ludhiana's Bains bros float Lok Insaaf Party". Times of India. 29 October 2016.
  4. ↑ Quint, The (12 February 2017). "Punjab Elections 2017". The Quint.
  5. ↑ http://election.onmanorama.com/en/punjab-assembly-elections-2017.html
  6. ↑ Khanna, Rajeev (13 February 2016). "Why is BJP keen on retaining Akali alliance in Punjab?". CatchNews. Retrieved 2016-08-25.
  7. ↑ Vasudeva, Vikas (2015-12-29). "BJP gets ready to bargain for more seats in Punjab". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 2016-08-25.
  8. ↑ http://indianexpress.com/elections/assembly-elections-live-updates-polling-voting-begins-in-punjab-goa-breaking-news-4507019/
  9. ↑ "7 lakh youngsters yet to register with Election Commission". Hindustantimes.com. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  10. ↑ "2017 Assembly Polls: Voters Won't Have To Travel More Than 2 km To Cast Vote In Punjab". Ndtv.com. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  11. ↑ "After Mayawati, Arvind Kejriwal says 'no' to EVMs".
  12. ↑ The election commission has installed VVPAT machines in 33 of the 117 constituencies for the assembly polls and two assembly segments as part of the Amritsar by-polls.
  13. ↑ "Punjab polls: Afraid of leaving trail, voters uneasy about VVPAT machines".
  14. ↑ http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/vvpat-to-be-used-in-35-assembly-segments-in-punjab-ceo-117010400966_1.html
  15. ↑ "Upgraded EVMs in 22 segments for 2017 poll".
  16. ↑ http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/ludhiana/atam-nagar-raikot-constituencies-to-get-special-electronic-voting-machines/350294.html
  17. ↑ "AnnexureVI VVPAT Page 24" (PDF).
  18. ↑ "Punjab polls: In high-profile seats, EC leaves no scope for rivals to complain".
  19. ↑ "Punjab assembly polls: The complete fact sheet".
  20. ↑ "Details of Assembly Segments of Parliamentary Constituencies - General Elections, 2014 - 16th Lok Sabha (page 946 of 1698)" (PDF). Election Commission of India.
  21. ↑ Kumar, Ashutosh (Panjab University) (2016). "2014 Parliamentary Elections in Punjab - Explaining the Electoral Success of Aam Aadmi Party" (PDF). Journal of Punjab Studies, University of California, Santa Barbara 21(1!):113-127(Spring) 2014.
  22. ↑ "AAP to contest in Punjab polls in 2017". Firstpost. 29 December 2015. Retrieved 30 May 2016.
  23. ↑ "AAP won 33 of 117 assembly seats". http://www.hindustantimes.com/. 2014-05-18. Retrieved 2016-12-30. External link in |newspaper= (help)
  24. ↑ Kanchan Vasdev (6 February 2016). "Prashant Kishor meets Capt Amarinder, discusses strategy for Punjab elections". The Indian Express. Retrieved 30 May 2016.
  25. ↑ Manish Kumar and Suparna Singh (26 May 2016). "Congress Losing Assam Is Big Score For Prashant Kishor, Say Supporters". NDTV. Retrieved 30 May 2016.
  26. ↑ "The BSP had its vote share increased from 4.13 percent to 4.30 percent -- a rise by 0.17 per cent".
  27. ↑ "BSP to start Punjab Bachao Abhiyaan from November 1".
  28. ↑ "About Balachaur Assembly Constituency".
  29. ↑ "BSP to go it alone in 2017 Punjab polls: Mayawati in Nawanshahr".
  30. ↑ "Mayawati says BSP to fight upcoming state elections alone".
  31. ↑ "'BSP to contest all 117 seats in Punjab'".
  32. ↑ "Now, BSP claims to root out drugs from state in a month".
  33. ↑ "Nothing wrong with 'Udta Punjab': Mayawati".
  34. ↑ "BSP plans door-to-door drive to woo non-Dalits".
  35. ↑ "Punjab: Ahead of 2017 polls, BSP promises 10pc quota for 'poor upper castes'".
  36. ↑ "BSP takes to social media ahead of Punjab polls".
  37. ↑ "BSP chooses Vienna to woo NRIs settled abroad".
  38. ↑ "BSP takes its campaign abroad for the first time to woo NRIs".
  39. ↑ "Ambedkar Sena Punjab merges with Bahujan Samaj Party".
  40. ↑ "Gurmel Chander joins BSP".
  41. ↑ "BSP announces Nine Candidates for Punjab (List available)".
  42. ↑ "Karimpuri resigns as Punjab BSP chief, named party nominee from Phillaur".
  43. ↑ "BSP replaces Punjab president Avtar Singh Karimpuri".
  44. ↑ "Karimpuri's entry spices up political battle in Phillaur".
  45. ↑ "Not alliance, congress wants to finish BSP in Punjab: Karimpuri".
  46. ↑ "BSP's base growing in Punjab: Rashpal Raju".
  47. ↑ "'Going alone would benefit BSP in state'".
  48. ↑ Ashraf, Ajaz (22 January 2016). "Behind AAP's popularity in Punjab: NRIs and a changing social structure". Scroll.in. Retrieved 2016-08-25.
  49. ↑ Mann, Gurdip Singh (11 August 2016). "SGPC doesn't play into hands of Badals: Jagir Kaur". The Tribune. Retrieved 24 August 2016.
  50. ↑ "Punjab Boils Over After The Limbs Of Two Dalit Men Are Chopped Off Allegedly At An Akali Dal Leader's Farmhouse!".
  51. ↑ "Punjab Dalit 'atrocities' echo in RS, Oppn flays Badal govt".
  52. ↑ "BSP says Punjab govt a meek spectator to Dalit atrocities".
  53. ↑ "Despite Upcoming Elections, Punjab Govt. Is Ignoring This Demand By Dalit Peasants".
  54. ↑ "Punjab dalit voters in spotlight".
  55. ↑ "'SIT probing 1984 Sikh riots set to open Pandora's box before Punjab polls". Business-standard.com. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  56. ↑ Srivastava, Mihir (27 June 2014). "Sloth, stupor and shame in Punjab | OPEN Magazine". OPEN Magazine. Retrieved 2016-08-25.
  57. ↑ "Why every political party in Punjab loves a drug addict". Indianexpress.com. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  58. ↑ "Reckless Media Coverage Has Ignored Real Problems of Drug Abuse in Punjab - The Wire". Thewire.in. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  59. ↑ "Punjab assembly elections: Overseas Sikhs and Punjabis emerge as key influencers - The Economic Times". Economictimes.indiatimes.com. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  60. ↑ Mohan, Vibhor (27 August 2015). "Census 2011: %age of Sikhs drops in Punjab; migration to blame?". The Times of India. Retrieved 6 September 2015.
  61. ↑ "Punjab Religion Data - Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  62. ↑ "Scheduled Caste Population In Punjab". Welfarepunjab.gov.in. Archived from the original on 23 April 2016. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  63. ↑ "Saini, Swarnkar/Sunar communities to be backward classes in Punjab".
  64. ↑ "Common List of OBCs State PUNJAB". Punjabbackfinco.gov.in. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  65. ↑ "CENTRAL LIST OF OBCs FOR THE STATE OF PUNJAB" (PDF). Ncbc.nic.in. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  66. ↑ "Survey puts OBC population at 40 pc". Hindustantimes.com. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  67. ↑ "Congress takes on Punjab CM for not implementing reservation policy in state". Punjabnewsexpress.com. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  68. ↑ "Dalit votes to decide ruling party of Punjab : North, News - India Today". Indiatoday.intoday.in. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  69. ↑ "'Centre not releasing caste census data because it doesn't want to face Mandal II'". Thehindubusinessline.com. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  70. ↑ "Centre releases census data on religion, hides caste figures". Dnaindia.com. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  71. ↑ "Before releasing caste numbers, the government needs to account for discrepancies in data". Scroll.in. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  72. ↑ "Why Is Modi Govt. Hiding Socio-Economic Caste Census 2011 Data?". Youthkiawaaz.com. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  73. ↑ "Caste-based Census data should be made public, demand Bihar CM Nitish Kumar - The Hindu". Thehindu.com. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  74. ↑ "BC status for Swarankars, Sainis in Punjab". Tribune News Service. 2016-09-11. Retrieved 2018-07-30.
  75. ↑ Project, Joshua. "Sonar (Hindu traditions) in India". Retrieved 2018-07-30.
  76. ↑ "Saini, Swarnkar/Sunar communities to be backward classes in Punjab". The Indian Express. 2016-09-10. Retrieved 2018-07-30.
  77. ↑ "Common List of OBCs State PUNJAB". Punjabbackfinco.gov.in. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  78. ↑ "Although the OBC share in the country's population is about 41 per cent, in states like Punjab, the concentration of the OBC population is less than 25 per cent". Hindustantimes.com. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  79. ↑ "Congress takes on Punjab CM for not implementing reservation policy in state". Punjabnewsexpress.com. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  80. ↑ "SCs, STs form 25% of population, says Census 2011 data". The Indian Express. 1 May 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2018. The highest SC population, 31.9 per cent of the state's total number, is in Punjab
  81. ↑ "PUNJAB DATA HIGHLIGHTS: THE SCHEDULED CASTES" (PDF). Censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  82. ↑ "The Jats in Punjab comprise 21 per cent population - India Today". Indiatoday.intoday.in. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  83. ↑ "Punjab Cabinet to discuss rolling back backward status for Sikh Rajputs". The Indian Express. 2017-12-27. Retrieved 2018-07-30.
  84. ↑ "History - Khatri Sabha NCR". www.khatrisabhancr.com. Retrieved 2018-07-30.
  85. ↑ "Punjab Religion Data - Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  86. ↑ Punjab Assembly Eelections 2017
  87. ↑ "Announcement: Schedule for the General Elections to the Legislative Assemblies of Goa, Manipur, Punjab, Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh" (PDF). Election Commission of India. 4 January 2017. Retrieved 4 January 2017.
  88. ↑ http://www.huffingtonpost.in/2017/02/02/huffpost-cvoter-pre-poll-survey-aam-aadmi-party-set-to-win-punj/
  89. ↑ "TV24 News Channel on Twitter". Twitter. Retrieved 2017-02-01.
  90. ↑ "VDP Associates predict AAP Government in Punjab". India.com. Retrieved 2017-01-30.
  91. ↑ "Vote for instability". theweek.in. Retrieved 2017-01-30.
  92. ↑ "India Today-Axis Opinion Poll on Punjab: Congress to make stunning comeback, AAP second largest party".
  93. ↑ "BJP-SAD, Congress neck and neck in Punjab, AAP distant third: Lokniti-ABP News survey".
  94. ↑ https://twitter.com/vdpassociates?lang=en
  95. ↑ "IndiaToday-Axis Opinion Poll of Punjab,October 2016".
  96. ↑ https://twitter.com/TV24India
  97. ↑ http://www.todayschanakya.com/punjab-assembly-elections-2017-post-poll-analysis.html
  98. ↑ http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/punjab/news/punjab-exit-poll-akalis-bjp-out-congress-aap-neck-and-neck/articleshow/57560730.cms
  99. ↑ http://www.businessinsider.in/punjab-exit-poll-aap-will-open-its-account-with-majority/articleshow/57558575.cms
  100. ↑ Gupta, Neeraj. "How Captain Amarinder Singh Won Punjab: Here's the Inside Story". www.thequint.com. The Quint. Retrieved 29 March 2017.
  101. ↑ http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/archiveofge2017/Punjab/05.Performance%20of%20Political%20Parties.pdf
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.