List of convicted war criminals

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This is a list of convicted war criminals as according to the conduct and rules of warfare as defined by the Nuremberg Trials following World War II as well as earlier agreements established by the Hague Conferences of 1899 and 1907, the Kellogg-Briand Pact of 1928, and the Geneva Conventions of 1929 and 1949.

A

  • Heinrich Otto Abetz (1903–1958), German ambassador to France, sentenced to 20 years
  • Muto Akira (1883–1948), Japanese army commander and member of the General High Staff, sentenced to death
  • Zlatko Aleksovski (born 1960), Bosnian Croat commander of a prison facility, sentenced to 7 years[1]
  • Ali Daeem Ali (born 1940), Iraqi Baathist official, sentenced to 15 years[2][3]
  • Ion Antonescu (1882–1946), Romanian marshal; found guilty by the Romanian People's Tribunals; executed;
  • Mihai Antonescu (1907–1946), Romanian government official; found guilty by the Romanian People's Tribunals; executed;
  • Andrija Artuković (1899–1988), Croatian minister of Justice and Internal Affairs, Ustasha, sentenced to death, but died before execution
  • Tariq Aziz (1936–2015), Iraqi foreign minister under Saddam Hussein, death sentence later commuted to life imprisonment where he died in custody
  • Abdul Quader Molla (1948–2013), A member of the Al-Badar militia during the liberation war, Molla was convicted of killing 344 civilians and other crimes.[4] He was the first person to have been executed for crimes committed during the Bangladesh Liberation War.[5]
  • Abul Kalam Azad (1947), war criminal of the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War. He was the first Razakar to be convicted for crimes against humanity, including murder of unarmed civilians and rape committed during the War.[6][7] On 21 January 2013 Azad was sentenced to hanging for his crimes.[8][9][10]

B

C

  • Pietro Caruso (1899–1944), Italian police chief of Rome
  • Edith Cavell (1865–1915), abused the protection arising from medical status by helping PoWs escape, sentenced to death
  • Mario Čerkez (born 1959), Bosnian Croat sentenced to 6 years[15]
  • Ranko Česić (born 1964), Bosnian Serb sentenced to 18 years for Brčko[16]
  • Carl Clauberg (1898–1957), Nazi doctor (gynecologist) who conducted human experiments at the Auschwitz concentration camp
  • Salahuddin Quader Chowdhury (1949–2015), On 1 October 2013, the International Crimes Tribunal sentenced Salahuddin Quader Chowdhury to death by hanging for war crimes including torture, murder and genocide of some 200 civilians and collaborating with Pakistan's army during the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War.[17] On 18 November 2015, Bangladesh Supreme Court dismissed the appeal of Chowdhury, upholding the death sentence.[18] Chowdhury asked for mercy in a petition to the President of Bangladesh, but his appeal was rejected.[19][20] On 22 November 2015, Chowdhury was executed at Dhaka Central Jail.[21][22][23][24]

D

E

F

G

  • Stanislav Galić, Bosnian Serb commander in Siege of Sarajevo. Sentenced to 20 years,[36] appealed and had his sentence changed to life imprisonment[37]
  • Karl Gebhardt (died 1948), German SS chief clinician
  • Karl Genzken (1895–1957), German SS medical officer
  • Richard Glücks (1889–1945), German WVHA official
  • Hermann Wilhelm Göring (1893–1946), Commander of the German Luftwaffe
  • Amon Göth (1908–1946), Commandant at Nazi concentration camp at Płaszów, Poland
  • Ulrich Greifelt (died 1949), German Main Office official
  • Arthur Greiser (died 1946), German Gauleiter of Wartheland
  • Irma Grese (1923–1945), German administrator of the Auschwitz concentration camp
  • Oskar Gröning, accessory to mass murder (by handling victims' confiscated possessions) in the Auschwitz concentration camp, sentenced to four years imprisonment
  • Ghulam Azam (1922–2014), Ghulam Azam is the chief protagonist and to present the blueprint of the killing of the intellectuals in a meeting with Rao Forman Ali in early September 1971.[38] He was convicted of war crimes during the Bangladesh Liberation War by the International Crimes Tribunal-1 of Bangladesh. The charges against Azam were conspiring, planning, incitement to and complicity in committing genocide, crimes against humanity, and other war crimes and torture and killing of a police officer Shiru Mia and three other civilians. He was found guilty on all five charges and sentenced to 90 years in prison. The judges unanimously agreed that Azam deserved capital punishment but was given a lenient punishment because of his age and health condition.[38][39][40][41]

H

I

J

  • Friedrich Jeckeln (died 1946), German SS officer and Police Leader of Ostland
  • Goran Jelisić (born 1969), Bosnian Serb sentenced to 40 years for murders in Brčko. Personally killed 13 civilians[42]
  • Alfred Jodl (1890–1946), German commander of operations personnel
  • Drago Josipović (born 1955), Bosnian Croat sentenced to 15, changed to 12 years following appeal[43][44]
  • Heinz Jost (1904–1964), German Einsatzgruppe commander
  • Hans Jüttner (1894–1965), commander of German SS's Main Leadership Office and Obergruppenführer.

K

L

  • Esad Landžo, Bosnian Muslim sentenced to 15 years for Čelebići prison camp[25]
  • Hinrich Lohse (1896–1964), German politician
  • Alexander Löhr (1885–1947), Austrian and German Air Force (Luftwaffe) commander
  • Werner Lorenz (1891–1974), German head of Volksdeutsche Mittelstelle (Repatriation Office for Ethnic Germans) and an SS Obergruppenführer.

M

N

O

P

R

  • Mlado Radić Bosnian Serb, sentenced to 20 years for Omarska camp[47]
  • Erich Raeder (1876–1960), German grand admiral, sentenced to life imprisonment, later released
  • Friedrich Rainer (1903–1947?), German Gauleiter and an Austrian Landeshauptmann of Salzburg and Carinthia, sentenced to death
  • Ivica Rajić (born 1958), Bosnian Croat sentenced to 12 years[58]
  • Taha Yassin Ramadan (1938–2007), Iraqi Vice President, 1991–2003, sentenced to life imprisonment, appealed to death
  • Hanns Albin Rauter (died 1949), German Higher SS and Police Leader in the Netherlands, sentenced to death
  • Hermann Reinecke (1888–1973), German OKW official, sentenced to life imprisonment, later released
  • Lothar Rendulic (1887–1971), German commander of 52nd Infantry Division, sentenced to 20 years (later 10)
  • Joachim von Ribbentrop (1893–1946), German foreign minister, sentenced to death
  • Karl von Roques (died 1949), German Rear Area Army Group South commander
  • Alfred Ernst Rosenberg (1893–1946), German east minister, sentenced to death
  • Abdullah Kadhem Ruaid (?), Iraqi Baathist official, sentenced to 15 years
  • Mizhar Abdullah Ruaid (1949–present), Iraqi Baathist official, sentenced to 15 years

S

T

V

W

Y

Z

Notes

Yugoslav Wars

After the Yugoslav Wars, an international Court was formed to try war criminals (ICTY). However, ICTY tried only a selected number of high-ranking people (a total of 161), with local Courts (in Bosnia, Croatia and Serbia) starting trials mostly against individuals or soldiers who carried out orders of those high-ranking officers. Many of those have been convicted.

Croatia raised charges against 3666 people for war crimes, of which 1381 were dropped due to lack of evidence.[66]

References

  1. ↑ ICTY: Aleksovski Judgement
  2. ↑ Saddam trial: Verdicts in detail
  3. ↑ Ali Daeem Ali Archived 2012-10-27 at the Wayback Machine.
  4. ↑ http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=268072
  5. ↑ http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2013/12/12/quader-molla-hangs-finally-for-war-crimes
  6. ↑ http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=256293
  7. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-11-05. Retrieved 2013-01-27.
  8. ↑ http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=44161
  9. ↑ http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2013/01/21/icts-death-penalty-for-bachchu-razakar
  10. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-03-24. Retrieved 2013-01-27.
  11. ↑ ICTY: Babić Judgement
  12. ↑ ICTY: Blaškić appeal Judgement
  13. ↑ ICTY: Bralo Judgement
  14. ↑ ICTY: Brdjanin appeal Judgement
  15. 1 2 ICTY: Kordić and Čerkez Judgement
  16. ↑ ICTY: Česić Judgement
  17. ↑
  18. ↑
  19. ↑
  20. ↑
  21. ↑
  22. ↑
  23. ↑
  24. ↑
  25. 1 2 3 ICTY: Mucic and others Judgement
  26. 1 2 3 ICTY Judgment document
  27. ↑ https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-21611769
  28. ↑ https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/02/28/us-bangladesh-tribunal-idUSBRE91R0AN20130228
  29. ↑ http://edition.cnn.com/2013/02/27/world/asia/bangladesh-protests/?hpt=wo_c2
  30. ↑ http://www.aljazeera.com/news/asia/2013/02/201322865638456746.html
  31. ↑ http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2013/02/28/sayedee-to-hang
  32. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2014-09-18. Retrieved 2014-09-17.
  33. ↑ https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-29233639
  34. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-03-01. Retrieved 2013-02-28.
  35. ↑ ICTY: Erdemovic Judgement
  36. ↑ ICTY: Galić Judgement
  37. ↑ ICTY: Galić appeal Judgement
  38. 1 2
  39. ↑
  40. ↑
  41. ↑
  42. ↑ ICTY: Jelisić Judgement
  43. 1 2 ICTY: Kupreskic and others Judgment
  44. 1 2 ICTY: Kupreskic and others Appeal Judgement
  45. ↑ https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/omar-khadr-to-seek-clemency-in-hopes-of-early-release-from-gitmo/article1901038/
  46. 1 2 https://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/04/world/asia/bangladesh-sentences-2-to-death-for-war-crimes.html
  47. 1 2 3 4 5 BBC: Bosnia concentration camp guards jailed
  48. 1 2 3 ICTY: Kunarec and others Appeal Judgement
  49. ↑ Krajišnik Judgement summary
  50. ↑ ICTY: Krnojelac Appeal Judgement
  51. ↑ ICTY: Krstic appeal Judgement
  52. ↑ ICTY: Martić sentence summary Archived 2007-08-18 at the Wayback Machine.
  53. 1 2 3 ICTY: Naletilic and Martinovic Judgement
  54. ↑ http://www.aljazeera.com/news/asia/2013/09/201391735611372698.html
  55. 1 2 ICTY: Judgement in Mrkšić, Šljivančanin and Radić case
  56. ↑ ICTY: Dragan Nikolić Judgement
  57. ↑ ICTY: Plavsic Judgement
  58. ↑ ICTY: Rajić Judgement
  59. 1 2 3 ICTY: Simic and others Judgment
  60. ↑ ICTY: Šimić Judgment
  61. ↑ ICTY: Stakić Judgment
  62. ↑ ICTY: Strugar Judgment
  63. ↑ ICTY: Duško Tadić Judgement
  64. ↑ ICTY: Todorović Judgement
  65. ↑ ICTY: Vasiljevic appeal Judgement
  66. ↑ (in Croatian) Jutarnji List: State Attorney says 3666 war crime cases since 1991
  • Glueck, Sheldon. War Criminals: Their Prosecution and Punishment. New York: Kraus Reprint Corporation, 1966.
  • Minear, Richard H. Victors' Justice: The Tokyo War Crimes Trial. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1971.
  • Taylor, Telford. Nuremberg and Vietnam: an American Tragedy. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1970.
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