List of volcanoes in Australia
This is a list of active, dormant and extinct volcanoes in Australia and its island territories. Note that the term volcano is used loosely as it can include groups of related volcanoes and vents that erupted at similar times with lava of related origin. The lists provided below are mainly volcanoes of Cenozoic aged, with some notable older (Mesozoic and Paleozoic aged) volcanoes included. There are no volcanoes on the Australian mainland that have erupted since European settlement, but some volcanoes in Victoria, South Australia, and North Queensland were witnessed by Aboriginal people several thousand years ago. There are active volcanoes in the Heard and McDonald Islands.
Australian states
Queensland
New South Wales
Victoria
Name | Elevation | Location | Last eruption | |
metres | feet | Coordinates | ||
Aberfeldy Volcano | — | — | 37°48′S 146°24′E / 37.8°S 146.4°E | 27 million years ago |
Bogong Volcano (Mount Bogong is composed of metamorphic sedimentary rocks) | 1,986 | — | 37°06′S 147°12′E / 37.1°S 147.2°E | 25–37 million years ago
(There are not many volcanic outcrops in the region, This feature probably should not be in this list ) |
Bonang Volcano | — | — | 37°12′S 148°42′E / 37.2°S 148.7°E | 38–42 million years ago
(the nearby tertiary basalts are probably not specifically associated with Mount Bonang, this feature probably should not be in this list) |
Lake Bullen Merri | — | — | — | — |
Mount Buninyong | 744 | — | — | — |
Lake Colongulac | — | — | — | — |
Cosgrove | 9 million years ago[5] | |||
Dargo | — | — | — | — |
Mount Eccles, in Mount Eccles National Park | — | — | 38°04′S 141°55′E / 38.07°S 141.92°E | 8 thousand years ago |
Mount Elephant | 395 | — | 37°58′S 143°12′E / 37.96°S 143.20°E | 5,000–20,000 years ago |
Flinders Volcano | — | — | 38°30′S 145°18′E / 38.5°S 145.3°E | 40–48 million years ago |
Mount Franklin | 635 | — | — | — |
Gelantipy Volcano | — | — | 37°12′S 148°18′E / 37.2°S 148.3°E | 34–43 million years ago |
Lake Gnotuk | — | — | — | — |
Mount Hamilton | — | — | — | — |
Howitt Volcano | — | — | 37°12′S 146°42′E / 37.2°S 146.7°E | 32–36 million years ago |
Lake Keilambete | — | — | — | — |
Mount Kooroocheang | 230 | — | — | — |
La Trobe Volcano | — | — | 38°30′S 146°18′E / 38.5°S 146.3°E | 50–59 million years ago |
Mount Leura | 311 | — | 38°06′S 143°06′E / 38.1°S 143.1°E | 5,000–20,000 years ago |
Mount Macedon | 1,014 | 3,346 | 37°25′S 144°35′E / 37.41°S 144.58°E | 360 million years ago |
Mount Napier | 440 | 1,440 | 37°48′S 142°30′E / 37.8°S 142.5°E | 32,000 years ago |
Neerim Volcano | — | — | 38°00′S 146°00′E / 38.0°S 146.0°E | 20–25 million years ago |
Mount Noorat | 310 | — | — | 5,000–20,000 years ago |
Poowong | — | — | — | — |
Mount Porndon | 278 | — | 38°11′S 143°10′E / 38.18°S 143.17°E | 300,000 years ago |
Lake Purrumbete | — | — | — | — |
Stockyard Hill | — | — | 37°34′S 143°19′E / 37.56°S 143.32°E | 0.1-0.5 million years ago [6] |
The Anakies | — | — | 37°33′S 144°06′E / 37.55°S 144.10°E | 1.5 million years ago[7] |
Toombullup Volcano | — | — | 36°54′S 146°18′E / 36.9°S 146.3°E | 37–44 million years ago |
Tower Hill, in Tower Hill State Game Reserve | — | — | — | 25,000 years ago |
Uplands Volcano | — | — | 36°48′S 147°36′E / 36.8°S 147.6°E | 2 million years ago |
Mount Warrenheip | 741 | — | — | — |
Mount Warrnambool | 216 | — | 38°11′S 142°26′E / 38.18°S 142.44°E | 5,000–20,000 years ago |
Western Plains | — | — | — | — |
South Australia
Name | Elevation | Location | Last eruption | |
metres | feet | Coordinates | ||
Mount Burr | 187 | 614 | 37°33′S 140°28′E / 37.55°S 140.46°E | 4,750 years ago |
Mount Gambier | 190 | 623 | 37°50′S 140°47′E / 37.84°S 140.78°E | 4,500 years ago |
Mount Schank | 158 | 518 | 37°56′S 140°44′E / 37.94°S 140.74°E | 5,000 years ago |
Newer Volcanics Province | 1,011 | 3,317 | 37°46′S 142°30′E / 37.77°S 142.50°E | 2900 BCE |
Mount Muirhead | 130 | 427 | 37°34′S 140°25′E / 37.56°S 140.41°E | — |
Western Australia
There are no active or dormant volcanoes in Western Australia, although there are a number of extinct ones, and geological evidence of others. There are nineteen small extinct volcanoes in the valley of the Fitzroy River in the Kimberley region of Western Australia. The Kimberley also has a number of groups of hot springs, which may be connected with the volcanic activity that produced the extinct volcanoes (but since these volcanic formations are Proterozoic in age - i.e. maybe a billion years old, this would be very unlikely!) . There are also deposits of basalt at Bunbury and Cape Gosselin.
Name | Elevation | Location | Last eruption | |
metres | feet | Coordinates | ||
Argyle diamond mine | — | — | 16°36′S 128°18′E / 16.6°S 128.3°E | — |
Tasmania
Name | Elevation | Location | Last eruption | |
metres | feet | Coordinates | ||
Table Cape | 181 | 594 | 40°57′S 145°44′E / 40.95°S 145.73°E | — |
Don Head | 71 | 233 | 41°10′S 146°19′E / 41.16°S 146.31°E | — |
The Nut | 143 | 469 | 40°46′S 145°18′E / 40.76°S 145.3°E | — |
Territories
Heard and McDonald Islands
Name | Elevation | Location | Last eruption | |
metres | feet | Coordinates | ||
Anzac Peak | 715 | 2,346 | 52°59′32″S 73°17′58″E / 52.99222°S 73.29944°E | — |
Big Ben | 2,745 | 9,006 | 53°6′0″S 73°31′0″E / 53.10000°S 73.51667°E | 2016 |
Mount Dixon | 715 | 2,346 | 53°0′S 73°17′E / 53.000°S 73.283°E | — |
Mawson Peak | 2,745 | 9,006 | 53°6′0″S 73°31′0″E / 53.10000°S 73.51667°E | 2004 |
McDonald Islands | 230 | 755 | 53°02′S 72°36′E / 53.03°S 72.60°E | 2005 |
Lord Howe Island
Name | Elevation | Location | Last eruption | |
metres | feet | Coordinates | ||
Ball's Pyramid | 562 | 1,844 | 31°45′07″S 159°15′05″E / 31.75194°S 159.25139°E | — |
Mount Gower | 875 | 2,870 | 31°34′51″S 159°04′54″E / 31.58083°S 159.08167°E | — |
Norfolk Island
Norfolk Island and neighbouring Nepean Island and Phillip Island are mountain top remnants of an elongated shield volcano.[8]
Tasman Sea
Name | Elevation | Location | Last eruption | |
metres | feet | Coordinates | ||
Bass Strait Basin | — | — | — | — |
Tasman Seamounts | — | — | — | — |
Barcoo Seamount | — | — | — | — |
Britannia Seamount | — | — | — | — |
Derwent-Hunter Seamount | — | — | — | — |
Gascoyne Seamount | — | — | — | — |
Heemskirk Seamount | — | — | — | — |
Queensland Seamount | — | — | — | — |
Soela Seamount | — | — | — | — |
Taupo Seamount | — | — | — | — |
Zeelian Seamount | — | — | — | — |
Other
Name | Elevation | Location | Last eruption | |
metres | feet | Coordinates | ||
Macquarie Island | 433 | 1,421 | 54°30′S 158°57′E / 54.50°S 158.95°E | — |
Norfolk Island | 315 | 1,033 | 29°S 168°E / 29°S 168°E | 2.4 million years ago |
References
- Citations
- 1 2 3 Whitehead, P. W.; Stephenson, P. J.; McDougall, I.; Hopkins, M. S.; Graham, A. W.; Collerson, K. D.; Johnson, D. P. (2007-07-01). "Temporal development of the Atherton Basalt Province, north Queensland". Australian Journal of Earth Sciences. 54 (5): 691–709. doi:10.1080/08120090701305236. ISSN 0812-0099.
- 1 2 Cohen, B. E.; Vasconcelos, P. M.; Knesel, K. M. (2007-02-01). "40Ar/39Ar constraints on the timing of Oligocene intraplate volcanism in southeast Queensland". Australian Journal of Earth Sciences. 54 (1): 105–125. doi:10.1080/08120090600981483. ISSN 0812-0099.
- 1 2 3 Cohen, B.E.; Mark, D.F.; Fallon, S.J.; Stephenson, P.J. (2017). "Holocene-Neogene volcanism in northeastern Australia: Chronology and eruption history". Quaternary Geochronology. 39: 79–91. doi:10.1016/j.quageo.2017.01.003.
- 1 2 3 4 Knesel, Kurt M.; Cohen, Benjamin E.; Vasconcelos, Paulo M.; Thiede, David S. "Rapid change in drift of the Australian plate records collision with Ontong Java plateau". Nature. 454 (7205): 754–757. doi:10.1038/nature07138.
- 1 2 3 4 Cohen, B. E.; Knesel, K. M.; Vasconcelos, P. M.; Thiede, D. S.; Hergt, J. M. (2008-04-01). "40Ar/39Ar constraints on the timing and origin of Miocene leucitite volcanism in southeastern Australia". Australian Journal of Earth Sciences. 55 (3): 407–418. doi:10.1080/08120090701769514. ISSN 0812-0099.
- ↑ Stockyard Hill 3-in-1, retrieved 2018-03-08
- ↑ http://www.victorianvolcanoes.com/volcano/anakies
- ↑ "Norfolk Island". ga.gov.au.
- Sources
- Siebert L, Simkin T (2002–present). Volcanoes of the World: an Illustrated Catalog of Holocene Volcanoes and their Eruptions. Smithsonian Institution, Global Volcanism Program Digital Information Series, GVP-3 (http://www.volcano.si.edu).
- Volcanoes of Australia, Volcano World