List of state leaders in 1909

This is a list of heads of state, heads of governments, and other rulers in the year 1909.

Africa

• Ethiopia - Menelik II, Emperor of Ethiopia (1889–1913)
• Liberia - Arthur Barclay, President of Liberia (1904–1912)
• Zanzibar - Ali bin Hamud, Sultan of Zanzibar (1902–1911)

Asia

• Emirate of Afghanistan – Habibullah Khan (1901–1919)
• China (Qing dynasty)
  • Monarch – Xuantong Emperor of China (1908–1912)
  • Regent – Prince Chun (1908–1911)
• Japan
  • Monarch – Emperor Meiji, (1867–1912)
  • Prime Minister - Katsura Taro, (1908–1911)
• Korea (Korean Empire) - Sunjong, Emperor of Korea (1907–1910)
• Oman - Faisal bin Turki, Sultan of Oman (1888–1913)

Australia and Oceania

• Australia -
  • Monarch – Edward VII of the United Kingdom (1901–1910)
  • Governor-General -
    1. William Ward, 2nd Earl of Dudley, Governor-General of Australia (1908–1911)
    2. Frederic Thesiger, 3rd Baron of Chelmsford, (Acting) Governor-General of Australia (1909–1910)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Andrew Fisher, Prime Minister of Australia (1908–1909)
    2. Alfred Deakin, Prime Minister of Australia (1909–1910)
• New Zealand
  • Monarch – Edward VII of the United Kingdom (1901–1910)
  • Governor-General - Lord Plunket (1904–1910)
  • Prime Minister - Joseph Ward (1906–1912)
• Tonga
  • Monarch – George Tupou II, King of Tonga (1893–1918)
  • Prime Minister - S.T.Mateialona, (1905–1912)

Europe

• Andorra
  • Co-Princes -
    • French Co-Prince - Armand Fallières, President of France (1906–1913)
    • Episcopal Co-Prince - Joan Baptista Benlloch i Vivó, Bishop of Urgell (1907–1919)
  • First Syndic - Pere Moles (1906–1911)
• Austria-Hungary - Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary (1848–1916)
  • Prime Minister of Austria - Baron Richard von Bienerth-Schmerling, Minister-President of Austria (1908–1911)
  • Prime Minister of Hungary - Sándor Wekerle (1906–1910)
• Belgium
  • Monarch -
  1. Léopold II, King of the Belgians (1865–1909)
  2. Albert I, King of the Belgians (1909–1934)
  • Cabinet Chief - François Schollaert, Cabinet Chief (1908–1911)

• Bulgaria
  • Monarch – Ferdinand I, Tsar of Bulgaria (1887–1918)
  • Chairman of the Council of Ministers – Aleksandar Malinov (1908–1911)

• Kingdom of Denmark
  • Monarch – Frederick VIII (1906–1912)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Niels Thomasius Neergaard, Prime Minister of Denmark (1908–1909)
    2. Johan Ludvig Carl Christian, Prime Minister of Denmark (1909)
    3. Carl Theodor Zahle, Prime Minister of Denmark (1909–1910)

• France -
  • President - Armand Fallières (1906–1913)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Georges Clemenceau, President of the Council (1906–1909)
    2. Aristide Briand, President of the Council (1909–1911)
• German Empire -
  • Monarch – Wilhelm II, German Emperor (1888–1918)
  • Chancellor -
    1. Bernhard von Bülow, Chancellor of Germany (1900–1909)
    2. Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg, Chancellor of Germany (1909–1917)
  • Prussia -
    • Monarch – Wilhelm II, King of Prussia (1888–1918)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Count Bernhard von Bülow, Minister-President of Prussia (1900–1909)
      2. Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg, Minister-President of Prussia (1909–1917)
  • Bavaria - Otto, King of Bavaria (1886–1913)
  • Saxony - Frederick Augustus III, King of Saxony (1904–1918)
  • Württemberg - William II, King of Württemberg (1891–1918)
• Greece
  • Monarch – George I, King of the Hellenes (1863–1913)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Georgios Theotokis, Prime Minister of Greece (1905–1909)
    2. Dimitrios Rallis, Prime Minister of Greece (1909)
    3. Kyriakoulis Mavromichalis, Prime Minister of Greece (1909–1910)
• Italy
  • Monarch – Vittorio Emanuele III, King of Italy (1900–1946)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Giovanni Giolitti, Prime Minister of Italy (1906–1909)
    2. Sidney Sonnino, Prime Minister of Italy (1909–1910)
• Luxembourg
  • Monarch – Guillaume IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (1905–1912)
  • Regent – Marie Anne of Portugal, Regent of Luxembourg (1908–1912)
  • Prime Minister - Paul Eyschen (1888–1915)
• Netherlands -
  • Monarch – Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands (1890–1948)
  • Chairman of the Dutch Council of Ministers - Theo Heemskerk (1908–1913)
• Norway
  • Monarch – Haakon VII, King of Norway (1905–1957)
  • Prime Minister - Gunnar Knudsen (1908–1910)
• Ottoman Empire
  • Monarch – Abdul Hamid II, Sultan (1876–1909)
  • Monarch – Mehmed V, Sultan (1909–1918)
• Portugal
  • Monarch – Manuel II (1908–1910)
  • President of the Council of Ministers -
  1. Artur de Campos Henriques, President of the Council of Ministers of Portugal (1908–1909)
  2. Sebastião Teles, President of the Council of Ministers of Portugal (1909)
  3. Venceslau de Lima, President of the Council of Ministers of Portugal (1909)
  4. Francisco da Veiga Beirão, President of the Council of Ministers of Portugal (1909–1910)
• Russia
  • Monarch – Nicholas II, Emperor of Russia (1894–1917)
  • Prime Minister - Pyotr Stolypin (1906–1911)
• Kingdom of Spain
  • Monarch – Alfonso XIII, King of Spain (1886–1931)
  • Prime Minister -
  1. Antonio Maura Montaner, President of the Government (1907–1909)
  2. Segismundo Moret y Prendergast, President of the Government (1909–1910)
• Sweden -
  • Monarch – Gustaf V (1907–1950)
  • Prime Minister - Arvid Lindman (1906–1911)
• Kingdom of Tavolara - Carlo I, King of Tavolara (1899–1927)
• United Kingdom -
  • Monarch – Edward VII, King of the United Kingdom (1901–1910)
  • Prime Minister - Herbert Henry Asquith (1908–1916)

North America and the Caribbean

• Canada
  • Monarch – Edward VII, King of the United Kingdom (1901–1910)
  • Governor-General - Earl Grey (1904–1911)
  • Prime Minister – Wilfrid Laurier (1896–1911)
• Costa Rica - Cleto González Víquez, President of Costa Rica (1906–1910)
• Cuba
  1. Cuba returns to self-rule, 28 January 1909
  2. José Miguel Gómez, President of Cuba (1909–1913)
• Newfoundland
  • Monarch – Edward VII of the United Kingdom (1901–1910)
  • Governor - Ralph Champneys Williams, Governor of Newfoundland (1909–1913)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Sir Robert Bond, Prime Minister of Newfoundland (1900–1909)
    2. Edward Patrick Morris, Prime Minister of Newfoundland (1909–1918)
• México: Porfirio Díaz, President of Mexico (1884–1911)
• United States -
  • President -
    1. Theodore Roosevelt, President of the United States (1901–1909)
    2. William Howard Taft, President of the United States (1909–1913)

South America

• Argentina: José Figueroa Alcorta, President of Argentina (1906–1910)
• Brazil:
  1. Afonso Pena, President of Brazil (1906–1909)
  2. Nilo Peçanha, President of Brazil (1909–1910)
• Colombia:
  1. Prieto Rafael Reyes (1908–1909)
  2. Ramón González Valencia (1909–1910)
• Chile: Pedro Montt, President of Chile (1906–1910)
• Ecuador: Eloy Alfaro, President of Ecuador (1906–1911)
• Paraguay: Emiliano González Navero, President of Paraguay (1908–1910)
• Peru: Augusto B. Leguía, President of Peru (1908–1912)
• Uruguay - Claudio Wílliman, President of Uruguay (1907–1911)
• Venezuela: Juan Vicente Gómez, President of Venezuela (1908–1914)

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