List of state leaders in 1901

This is a list of heads of state, heads of governments, and other rulers in the year 1901.

Africa

Ethiopia – Menelik II, Emperor of Ethiopia (1889–1913)
Liberia – Garretson W. Gibson, President of Liberia (1900–1904)
Morocco – Abdelaziz, Sultan of Morocco (1894–1908)
Orange Free State – Martinus Theunis Steyn, State President of the Orange Free State (1896–1902)
South African Republic (Transvaal) –
- Paul Kruger, State President of the South African Republic (1883–1902)
- Schalk Willem Burger (acting), State President of the South African Republic (1900–1902)
Zanzibar – Hamud bin Muhammed, Sultan of Zanzibar (1896–1902)

Asia

Emirate of Afghanistan
- 1. Abdur Rahman Khan (1880–1901)
  2. Habibullah Khan (1901–1919)
China (Qing dynasty)
- Emperor – Guangxu Emperor (1875–1908)
- De facto ruler – Empress Dowager Cixi (1898–1908)
Filipinas
- President – Emilio Aguinaldo (1899–1901)
Japan
- Monarch – Emperor Meiji (1867–1912)
- Prime Minister –
  1. Itō Hirobumi (1900–1901)
  2. Katsura Taro (1901–1906)
Korea (Korean Empire) – Gojong (1864–1907, King before 1897)
Oman – Faisal bin Turki, Sultan of Oman (1888–1913)
Persia – Mozzafar al-Din Shah, Shah (Qajar dynasty) (1896–1907)
Siam – Chulalongkorn, King of Siam (1868–1910)

Europe

Andorra
- Co-Princes –
  - French Co-Prince – Émile Loubet, President of France (1899–1906)
  - Episcopal Co-Prince –
    1. Salvador Casañas y Pagés, Bishop of Urgell (1879–1901)
    2. Ramon Riu i Cabanes, Bishop of Urgell (1901)
- First Syndic – Josep Calva (1899–1901)
Austria-Hungary – Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary (1848–1916)
- Joint Foreign Minister – Count Agenor Goluchowski, Foreign Minister of Austria-Hungary (1895–1906)
- Minister-President of Austria – Ernst von Koerber (1900–1904)
- Minister-President of Hungary – Kálmán Széll (1899–1903)
Belgium
- Monarch – Léopold II, King of the Belgians (1865–1909)
- Cabinet Chief - Barthélémy de Theux de Meylandt (1899–1907)
Principality of Bulgaria
- Monarch – Ferdinand I (1886–1918)
- Prime Minister –
  1. Todor Ivanchov (1899–1901)
  2. Racho Petrov (1899)
  3. Petko Karavelov (1901–1902)
Kingdom of Denmark
- Monarch – Christian IX (1863–1906)
- Prime Minister –
  1. Hannibal Sehested (1900–1901)
  2. Johan Hendrik Deuntzer (1901–1905)
France –
- President – Émile Loubet (1899–1906)
- President of the Council – René Waldeck-Rousseau (1899–1902)
Germany –
- Monarch – Wilhelm II, German Emperor (1888–1918)
- Chancellor – Count Bernhard von Bülow (1900–1909)
- Prussia –
  - Monarch – Wilhelm II, King of Prussia (1888–1918)
  - Minister President – Count Bernhard von Bülow (1900–1909)
- Bavaria
  - Monarch – Otto, King of Bavaria (1886–1913)
  - Regent – Prince Luitpold, Regent of Bavaria (1886–1912)
  - Premier – Krafft Freiherr von Crailsheim, Premier of Bavaria (1890–1903)
- Saxony
  - Monarch – Albert, King of Saxony (1873–1902)
  - Minister-President –
    1. Heinrich Rudolf Schurig (1895–1901)
    2. Karl Georg Levin von Metzsch-Reichenbach (1901–1906)
- Kingdom of Württemberg –
  - Monarch – William II (1891–1918)
  - Minister-President –
    1. Max Freiherr Schott von Schottenstein (1900–1901)
    2. Wilhelm August von Breitling (1901–1906)
Greece
- Monarch – George I, King of the Hellenes (1863–1913)
- Prime Minister –
  1. Georgios Theotokis (1899–1901)
  2. Alexandros Zaimis (1901–1902)
Italy
- Monarch – Vittorio Emanuele III, King of Italy (1900–1946)
- Prime Minister –
  1. Giuseppe Saracco (1900–1901)
  2. Giuseppe Zanardelli (1901–1903)
Liechtenstein – Johann II, Prince of Liechtenstein (1858–1929)
Luxembourg
- Monarch – Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (1890–1905)
- Prime Minister – Paul Eyschen (1888–1915)
Monaco – Albert I, Prince of Monaco (1889–1922)
Montenegro
- Monarch – Nicholas I, Prince of Montenegro (1860–1910)
- Prime Minister – Bozo Petrovic-Njegos (1879–1905)
Netherlands
- Monarch – Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands (1890–1948)
- Prime Minister –
  1. Nicolaas Pierson, Chairman of the Dutch Council of Ministers (1897–1901)
  2. Abraham Kuyper, Chairman of the Dutch Council of Ministers (1901–1905)
Norway –
- Monarch – Oscar II, King of Norway (1872–1905)
- Prime Minister – Johannes Wilhelm Christian Steen (1898–1902)
Ottoman (Turkish) Empire
- Monarch – Abdul Hamid II, Sultan (1876–1909)
- Grand Vizier –
  1. Halil Rifat Pasha (1895–1901)
  2. Küçük Mehmed Said Pasha (1901–1903)
Portugal
- Monarch – Carlos I (1889–1908)
- President of the Council of Ministers - Ernesto Hintze Ribeiro (1900–1904)
Romania –
- Monarch – Carol I, King of Romania (1881–1914)
- Prime Minister –
  1. Petre Carp, Prime Minister of Romania (1900–1901)
  2. Dimitrie Sturdza, Prime Minister of Romania (1901–1905)
Russia – Nicholas II, Emperor of Russia (1894–1917)
Serbia
- Monarch – Alexander I, King of Serbia (1889–1903)
- Prime Minister –
  1. Aleksa Jovanovic, Prime Minister of Serbia (1900–1901)
  2. Mihailo Vujic, Prime Minister of Serbia (1901–1902)
Kingdom of Spain –
- Monarch – Alfonso XIII (1886–1931), under the regency of his mother Queen Maria Christina (1885–1902)
- Regent – Queen Maria Christina, Regent of Spain (1885–1902)
- Prime Minister – Marcelo Azcárraga Palmero (1900–1902)
Sweden –
- Monarch – Oscar II (1872–1907)
- Prime Minister – Fredrik von Otter (1900–1902)
Switzerland – Ernst Brenner, President of the Swiss Confederation (1901)
United Kingdom –
- Monarch –
  1. Victoria (1837–1901)
  2. Edward VII (1901–1910)
- Prime Minister – The Marquess of Salisbury (1895–1902)

North America

Dominion of Canada
- Governor-General - Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto (1898–1904)
- Prime Minister - Sir Wilfrid Laurier (1896–1911)
Costa Rica – Rafael Yglesias Castro, President of Costa Rica (1894–1902)
Dominican Republic: Juan Isidro Jimenes, President of the Dominican Republic (1899–1902)
El Salvador: Tomás Regalado, President of El Salvador (1898–1903)
Guatemala: Manuel Estrada Cabrera, President of Guatemala (1898–1920)
Haiti: Tirésias Simon-Sam, President of Haiti (1896–1902)
Honduras: Terencio Sierra, President of Honduras
México: Porfirio Díaz, President of Mexico (1884–1911)
Nicaragua: José Santos Zelaya, President of Nicaragua, (1893–1909)
United States –
1. William McKinley, President of the United States (1897–1901)
2. Theodore Roosevelt, President of the United States (1901–1909)

Oceania

Australia
- Governor-General – John Adrian Louis Hope, 7th Earl of Hopetoun (from 1902 John Adrian Louis Hope, 1st Marquess of Linlithgow) (1901–1903)
- Prime Minister – Edmund Barton (1901–1903)
New Zealand
- Governor-General – The Earl of Ranfurly (1897–1904)
- Prime Minister – Richard Seddon (1893–1906)
Tonga
- Monarch – George Tupou II, King of Tonga (1893–1918)
- Prime Minister – Siosateki Veikune, (1893–1904)

South America

Argentina: Julio A. Roca, President of Argentina (1898–1904)
Bolivia: Manuel Pando, President of Bolivia (1899–1904)
Brazil: Manuel Ferraz de Campos Sales, President of Brazil (1898–1902)
Chile:
1. Federico Errázuriz Echaurren, President of Chile (1896–1901)
2. Germán Riesco, President of Chile (1901–1906)
Colombia: José Manuel Marroquín, President of Colombia (1900–1904)
Ecuador:
1. Eloy Alfaro, President of Ecuador (1895–1901)
2. Leónidas Plaza, President of Ecuador (1901–1905)
Paraguay: Emilio Aceval, President of Paraguay (1898–1902)
Peru: Eduardo López de Romaña, President of Peru (1899–1903)
Uruguay – Juan Lindolfo Cuestas, President of Uruguay (1899–1903)
Venezuela: Cipriano Castro, President of Venezuela (1899–1908)

World Leaders

Edward VII 1901–1910
King of the United Kingdom, Emperor of India
Wilhelm II 1888–1918
Emperor of Germany, King of Prussia
Émile Loubet 1899–1906
President of France
Leo XIII 1878–1903
Pope, Bishop of Rome
Nicholas II 1894–1917
Emperor of Russia
Abdul Hamid II 1876–1909
Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
Theodore Roosevelt 1901–1909
President of the United States
Meiji 1867–1912
Emperor of Japan
Guangxu 1875–1908
Emperor of China
Vittorio Emanuele III 1900–1946
King of Italy
Carlos I 1889–1908
King of Portugal and the Algarves
Alfonso XIII 1886–1931
King of Spain
Oscar II 1872–1907
King of Sweden and
1872–1905 King of Norway

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