John Redwood

The Right Honourable
John Redwood
MP
Official parliamentary portrait, June 2017
Shadow Secretary of State for Deregulation
In office
6 May 2005 – 5 December 2005
Leader Michael Howard
Preceded by Position established
Succeeded by Position abolished
Shadow Secretary of State for the Environment, Transport and the Regions
In office
15 June 1999 – 2 February 2000
Leader William Hague
Preceded by Gillian Shephard
Succeeded by Archie Norman
Shadow Secretary of State for Trade and Industry
In office
11 June 1997 – 15 June 1999
Leader William Hague
Preceded by Michael Heseltine
Succeeded by Angela Browning
Secretary of State for Wales
In office
27 May 1993 – 26 June 1995
Prime Minister John Major
Preceded by David Hunt
Succeeded by William Hague
Minister of State for Local Government
In office
15 April 1992 – 27 May 1993
Prime Minister John Major
Preceded by Michael Portillo
Succeeded by David Curry
Minister for Corporate Affairs
In office
26 July 1989 – 15 April 1992
Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher
John Major
Preceded by Francis Maude
Succeeded by Neil Hamilton
Downing Street Chief of Policy to the Prime Minister
In office
5 May 1982 – 12 November 1987
Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher
Member of Parliament
for Wokingham
Assumed office
11 June 1987
Preceded by William van Straubenzee
Majority 18,798 (31.5%)
Personal details
Born (1951-06-15) 15 June 1951
Dover, Kent, England
Political party Conservative
Alma mater Magdalen College, Oxford
All Souls College, Oxford

John Alan Redwood (born 15 June 1951) is a British Conservative Party politician, and Member of Parliament (MP) for Wokingham in the county of Berkshire. He was formerly Secretary of State for Wales in Prime Minister John Major's Cabinet, and was twice an unsuccessful challenger for the leadership of the Conservative Party in the 1990s.

He served in the Shadow Cabinets of William Hague and Michael Howard, and has remained a backbencher since then.

Redwood is a veteran Eurosceptic who was described in 1993 as a "pragmatic Thatcherite".[1] He was the co-chairman of the Conservative Party's Policy Review Group on Economic Competitiveness until 2010. He has the role of Chief Global Strategist of investment management company Charles Stanley & Co Ltd. Redwood is a long-term critic of the European Union, and a member of the Eurosceptic pressure group Leave Means Leave.[2] He supported Brexit in the 2016 EU Referendum.

Early life

John Redwood was born in Dover, the second child of William Redwood (1925—2016),[3] an accountant and company secretary, and his wife, Amy Emma (née Champion), the manageress of a shoe shop. He had an elder sister, Jennifer, who died as a baby in 1949.[4][5] He grew up in a council house, and describes his family buying their own house as a "big breakthrough" for the family.[6]

Education

Redwood was schooled at Kent College, Canterbury, before reading a Bachelor of Arts (BA) in History at Magdalen College, Oxford, and later obtaining a DPhil from All Souls College, Oxford.[7] He was elected to a fellowship by examination at All Souls in 1972 which led on later to a Distinguished fellowship.[8]

Political career

He was an Oxfordshire County Councillor between 1973 and 1977, the youngest ever at the age of 21 when elected, and stood in the Peckham by-election of October 1982 where he lost to Harriet Harman.[9] From 1983 onwards, he headed up Margaret Thatcher's policy unit,[1] where he was one of the champions of privatisation.[10]

Redwood became MP for Wokingham in June 1987. Redwood was made a Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State in July 1989 for Corporate Affairs at the Department of Trade and Industry. In November 1990, he was promoted to Minister of State. Redwood became Minister for Local Government and Inner Cities after the 1992 General Election, where he oversaw the abolition of the Community Charge, known as the "Poll Tax", and its replacement with the Council Tax.

Redwood has voted against key LGBT rights questions, being opposed to attempts to reduce the age of consent for homosexuality in both 1994 and 1999, choosing to vote to keep Section 28 in November 2003[11] and being generally opposed to same-sex marriage. He also voted for the reintroduction of capital punishment in 1988, 1990 and 1994. Redwood has stated "I have never spoken or written against civil partnerships and gay marriage and am not proposing any change to current laws. I regard the debate about capital punishment as being over and do not support its reintroduction. I never spoke or wrote in its favour."[12][13][14]

In government

In the Government reshuffle of May 1993, Redwood was appointed to the cabinet as Secretary of State for Wales. He deferred several road widening schemes which would have endangered the environment of rural areas in Wales.

In February 1995, he was at loggerheads with the Countryside Council for Wales, because he had decided to cut its grant by 16%.[15] He also launched a scheme to provide more funding for popular schools with high numbers of applicants and concentrated extra expenditure on health and education services, away from administrative overheads.

Redwood consequently gained a somewhat haughty reputation with apparent disregard for national feeling; this did not endear him further to some of the population,[16] most memorably when in 1995 he returned £100,000,000 of Wales's block grant to the Treasury unspent.[17] Redwood committed a memorable gaffe in 1993, when he attempted to mime to the Welsh national anthem at the Welsh Conservative Party conference, when he clearly did not know the words.[18] Redwood subsequently learned the anthem but, in August 2007, an unconnected news story on Redwood was illustrated with the same clip. This resulted in Tory activists filing complaints, and as a result the BBC apologised to Redwood for airing the dated footage.[19]

Leadership contests and subsequent career

When John Major called upon his critics to "put up or shut up" and tendered his resignation to allow for a leadership challenge, Redwood resigned from the Cabinet, and stood against Major in the subsequent party leadership election on 26 June 1995.[20] In the ballot held on 4 July 1995, Redwood received 89 votes, around a quarter of the then Parliamentary Party. Major received 218 votes, or two thirds of the parliamentary party vote. The newspaper The Sun had declared its support for Redwood in the run up to the leadership contest, running the front page headline "Redwood versus Deadwood".[21]

When Major resigned as party leader after the General Election defeat of May 1997, Redwood stood in the resulting election for the leadership, and was again defeated. After being defeated in the third round with 38 votes to Kenneth Clarke's 64 and William Hague's 62, Redwood surprisingly backed Clarke against Hague.[22]

Redwood was subsequently appointed Shadow Secretary of State for Trade and Industry by the victorious William Hague. He was appointed Shadow Secretary of State for the Environment, Transport and the Regions in June 1999, but dropped in a mini reshuffle in February 2000, being succeeded by Archie Norman.

Under Michael Howard, he was appointed Shadow Secretary of State for Deregulation.[23]

Brexit

Redwood is a veteran Eurosceptic.[24] A critic of the Euro before its launch, Redwood suggested that the Eurozone should "break up" in 2011, and proposed that the United Kingdom should give up its veto in return for the ability to opt out of legislation of the EU.[25] Later that year, he joined 81 rebel Conservative MPs in voting for an in-out referendum for leaving the European Union, saying afterwards "People used to call me an extreme Eurosceptic. Now I’m a moderate."[24] Before the Brexit referendum, Redwood wrote that to Conservative Eurosceptics like him leaving the EU was "more important than which party wins the next election or who is the prime minister."[26]

Since then, he has suggested United Kingdom need not prioritise a post-Brexit deal with the EU, and received criticism for writing an investment advice column which recommended investors "look further afield" than the United Kingdom. Redwood denied this interpretation, saying that he simply advises investors of where international markets are heading and did not write an investment column “recommending investors pull their money out of the United Kingdom".[27][28]

Public image

He has often been compared to a Vulcan, a comparison originally made by Matthew Parris, due to his appearance and intonation,[1] a preference for making arguments with logic over passion[6] and a perception for being cold and humourless.[29]

Business career

John Redwood worked as an investment analyst, manager and director for Robert Fleming and for NM Rothschild in the 1970s and 1980s.[30] In 2007 he co-founded Evercore Pan-Asset Capital Management Ltd, a financial management company, which was subsequently sold to Charles Stanley.[31] He is currently Chief Global Strategist at Charles Stanley & Co Ltd.[32] He was previously a non-executive chairman of Mabey Securities, an investment arm of the engineering firm Mabey.

In November 2017 Forbes magazine ran a critical article about Redwood advising investors to pull money out of the UK despite still being a sitting MP.[33]

Personal life

He married Gail Felicity Chippington, a barrister, on 20 April 1974 in Chipping Norton; they had two children, Catherine (born 1978) and Richard (born 1982). They divorced acrimoniously in July 2003.[34][35][36]

In the media

Redwood was interviewed about the rise of Thatcherism for the BBC television documentary series of 2006, Tory! Tory! Tory!, and continues to appear regularly on television, such BBC's Question Time.

Bibliography

  • I Don't Like Politics: But I Want to Make a Difference. Politico's Publishing. October 2006. ISBN 978-1-84275-182-4.
  • Singing the Blues: 30 Years Of Tory Civil War. Politico's Publishing. October 2004. ISBN 978-1-84275-076-6.
  • Just Say No!: 100 Arguments Against the Euro. Politico's Publishing. July 2001. ISBN 978-1-902301-99-0.
  • Stars and Strife: The Coming Conflict Between the USA and the European Union. Palgrave Macmillan. Feb 2001. ISBN 978-0-333-91841-8.
  • The Death of Britain?. Palgrave Macmillan. May 1999. ISBN 978-0-333-74439-0.
  • Our Currency, Our Country: Dangers of European Monetary Union. Penguin Books. March 1997. ISBN 978-0-14-026523-1.
  • Public Enterprise in Crisis: Future of Nationalized Industries. Blackwell Publishers. November 1980. ISBN 978-0631125822.
  • Reason, Ridicule and Religion: The Age of Enlightenment in England 1660-1750. Thames and Hudson. 1976. ISBN 0-500-27885-7

References

  1. 1 2 3 Macintyre, Donald (10 July 1993). "Profile: Vulcan in the House: John Redwood – He has enemies in the party, but even they defer to his razor-sharp mind, writes Donald Macintyre". The Independent. Retrieved 13 November 2017.
  2. ↑ "Co-Chairmen – Political Advisory Board – Supporters". Leave Means Leave.
  3. ↑ "The death of William Redwood". johnredwoodsdiary.com.
  4. ↑ "FreeBMD – Search". www.freebmd.org.uk.
  5. ↑ Deaths – England and Wales – July, August and September 1949
  6. 1 2 Davies, Ben (1 October 2004). "Interview: John Redwood". BBC. Retrieved 14 November 2017.
  7. ↑ "About". johnredwoodsdiary.com. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
  8. ↑ "All Souls College Oxford". www.asc.ox.ac.uk. Retrieved 15 October 2016.
  9. ↑ "Sheila Faith – obituary". The Daily Telegraph. 16 October 2014. Retrieved 22 October 2014.
  10. ↑ "John Redwood". BBC. 16 October 2002. Retrieved 14 November 2017.
  11. ↑ "John Redwood". theyworkforyou.com. Retrieved on 23 November 2015.
  12. ↑ "John Redwood". theyworkforyou.com. Retrieved on 23 November 2015. John Redwood's Diary 17 February 2018 www.http://johnredwoodsdiary.com/
  13. ↑ "Leading Article: John Redwood's hasty credo". The Independent. 23 October 2011. Retrieved on 23 November 2015.
  14. ↑ Nigel Farndale (12 November 2006). "Say no to gallows humour". Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved on 23 November 2015. John Redwood's Diary 17 February 2018 www.http://johnredwoodsdiary.com/
  15. ↑ Lean, Geoffrey (19 February 1995). "Greens attack Redwood policies". The Independent. London.
  16. ↑ Cohen, Nick (2 July 1995). "The principality of Redwood". The Independent. Retrieved 10 March 2018.
  17. ↑ "Labour scorns Tory no confidence threat". BBC News. Retrieved on 23 November 2015.
  18. ↑ Lauren Niland. "Rick Perry's predecessors: when politicians forget". The Guardian. Retrieved on 23 November 2015.
  19. ↑ "BBC: We were wrong to mock John Redwood". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 24 September 2013.
  20. ↑ "Conservative Party Leadership Election 1995". BBC. 1997. Retrieved 13 November 2017.
  21. ↑ Macintyre, Donald; Brown, Colin (27 June 1995). "PM assails 'malcontent' Redwood". The Independent. London.
  22. ↑ "John Redwood". BBC News. 1997. Retrieved 13 November 2017.
  23. ↑ Woolf, Marie (2 September 2004). "John Redwood: He's back as Red-Tape Man, the unlikeliest sex symbol in the universe". The Independent. Retrieved 13 November 2017.
  24. 1 2 "Making the break". Economist. 8 December 2012. Retrieved 13 November 2017.
  25. ↑ Redwood, John. "Let's give up our EU veto and opt out instead". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 13 November 2017.
  26. ↑ Redwood, John (26 May 2016). "A vote to remain in the EU won't be the last we hear of Brexit". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 November 2017.
  27. ↑ Elgot, Jessica (13 November 2017). "John Redwood criticised over advice to pull money out of UK". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 November 2017.
  28. ↑ Coppola, Frances (12 November 2017). "British Lawmaker Advises Investors To Take Their Money Out Of The UK". Forbes. Retrieved 14 November 2017. John Redwood's Diary 17 February 2018 www.http://johnredwoodsdiary.com/
  29. ↑ "John Redwood". bbc.co.uk. British Broadcasting Corporation, 'Politics 97'. 1997. Retrieved 12 November 2015.
  30. ↑ "John Redwood". Financial Times. Retrieved 11 June 2018.
  31. ↑ Hosking, Patricia (15 November 2013). "Wealth group makes John Redwood richer". The Times. Retrieved 14 November 2017.
  32. ↑ "John Redwood takes an optimistic view on the markets" (video). Charles Stanley & Co. Limited. 2 February 2017. Retrieved 11 June 2018.
  33. ↑ Coppola, Frances (12 November 2017). "British Lawmaker Advises Investors To Take Their Money Out Of The UK". Forbes. Retrieved 11 June 2018.
  34. ↑ Brown, Colin (27 July 2003). "Redwood leaves his wife for former model Nikki Page". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 7 May 2010.
  35. ↑ Kite, Melissa (15 February 2004). "Redwood comes out fighting against ex-wife". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 7 May 2010.
  36. ↑ David Hencke, Westminster correspondent (28 March 2005). "Redwood's ex-wife debunks Vulcan jibe | UK news". The Guardian. Retrieved 24 September 2013.
Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by
William van Straubenzee		 Member of Parliament
for Wokingham
1987–present		 Incumbent
Political offices
Preceded by
David Hunt		 Secretary of State for Wales
1993–1995		 Succeeded by
William Hague
Preceded by
Michael Heseltine		 Shadow Secretary of State for Trade and Industry
1997–1999		 Succeeded by
Angela Browning
Preceded by
Gillian Shephard		 Shadow Secretary of State for the Environment, Transport and the Regions
1999–2000		 Succeeded by
Archie Norman
New office Shadow Secretary of State for Deregulation
2005		 Position abolished
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