H3 (rocket)

H3 Launch Vehicle
Function Medium-lift launch vehicle
Manufacturer Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
Country of origin Japan
Cost per launch US$ 50 million[1] (2017)
Size
Height 63 m (207 ft)[2]
Diameter 5.27 m (17.3 ft)[2]
Mass 574,000 kg (1,265,000 lb)(Gross for H3-24L Variant)[3]
Stages 2
Capacity
Payload to GTO
(∆Ｖ=1500 m/s)		 6,500 kg (14,300 lb)[2]
Launch history
Status In development
Launch sites LA-Y, Tanegashima
First flight FY2020 (planned)[2]
Boosters
No. boosters 0, 2 or 4
Engines SRB-3
Thrust 2,158 kN (485,000 lbf)[3]
Specific impulse 283.6 seconds (2.781 km/s)
Burn time 105 s
Fuel Solid
First stage
Engines 2 or 3 LE-9
Thrust 1,472 kN (331,000 lbf)[3]
Specific impulse 425 seconds (4.17 km/s)
Fuel LOX / LH2
Second stage
Engines 1 LE-5B-3[3]
Thrust 137 kN (31,000 lbf)[3]
Specific impulse 448 seconds (4.39 km/s)
Fuel LOX / LH2

The H3 Launch Vehicle is an expendable launch system in development in Japan. H3 rockets are liquid-propellant rockets with strap-on solid rocket boosters and are planned to be launched from the Tanegashima Space Center in Japan. Mitsubishi and the JAXA have been responsible for the design, manufacture, and operation of the H3.

As of July 2015, it was planned that the minimum configuration is to carry a payload of up to 4 tonnes into sun-synchronous orbit for about 5 billion yen, and the maximum configuration is to carry more than 6.5 tonnes into geostationary transfer orbit.[2]

The first H3 without solid-rocket boosters is planned to launch in fiscal year 2020,[Note 1] and with boosters in FY2021.[4][2]

Development

The development of H3 was authorized by Japanese government 17 May 2013.[5] The H3 Launch Vehicle is being developed jointly by JAXA and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) to launch a wide variety of commercial satellites. H3 was designed with cheaper engines compared to H-IIA, so that manufacturing the new launch vehicle would be more cost-effective, with less risk, in a shorter period of time. JAXA was in charge of preliminary design, readiness of the ground facility, and development of new technologies for the H3, while Mitsubishi Heavy Industries is responsible for manufacturing. The main emphasis in design is cost reduction, with planned launch costs for customers are in range of US$50–65 million.[6]

In August 2018, the first tests of the solid rocket boosters were made.[7]

Vehicle description

The H3 Launch Vehicle is a two-stage rocket. The first stage uses liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen as propellants and carries zero, two or four strap-on solid rocket boosters (derived from SRB-A3) powered by polybutadiene. The first stage is powered by two or three LE-9 engines which uses expander bleed cycle similar to LE-5B.[8] The second stage is powered by a single engine which is an improved LE-5B.[9][3]

Variants

Each H3 booster configuration has a two-digit and a letter designation that indicates the features of that configuration. The first digit represents the number of LE-9 engines on the main stage, either "2" or "3". The second digit indicates the number of SRB-3 solid rocket boosters attached to the base of the rocket, and can be "0", "2" or "4". All layouts of solid boosters are symmetrical. The letter in the end shows the length of the payload fairing, either short "S" or long "L". For example, an H3-24L has two engines, four solid rocket boosters, and a long fairing, whereas an H3-30S has three engines, no solid rocket boosters, and a short fairing.

Launch services

H3 will have a "dual-launch capability, but MHI is focused more on dedicated launches" in order to prioritize schedule assurance for customers.[10]

As of 2018, MHI is aiming to price the H3 launch service on par with SpaceX's Falcon 9.[10]

Planned launches

Sources: Japanese Cabinet[11]

Date and time (UTC)FlightTypeLaunch sitePayload(s)Outcome
2020 (TBD)TF1H3-30SLP2, TanegashimaJapan ALOS-4Planned
2021 (TBD)TF2H3LP2, TanegashimaJapan ETS-IXPlanned
2021 (TBD)H3-24LJapan HTV-X1Planned
2022 (TBD)H3Japan GOSAT-3Planned
2022 (TBD)H3Japan DSN-3Planned
2023 (TBD)H3Japan QZS-5Planned
2023 (TBD)H3Japan QZS-6Planned
2023 (TBD)H3Japan QZS-7Planned
2024 (TBD)H3-24Japan MMXPlanned
2024 (TBD)H3Japan IGSPlanned
(TBD)H3Japan IGS-Optical 9Planned

Notes

  1. ↑ A Japanese Fiscal Year starts in April of the year and ends in March of the next year. For this case it denotes launch will occur no earlier than 1 April 2020, and no later than 31 March 2021

References

  1. ↑ Clark, Stephen (19 September 2017). "Japan's MHI wins deal to launch satellite for Inmarsat". Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 20 September 2017.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 新型基幹ロケットの開発状況について (PDF) (in Japanese). July 2, 2015. Retrieved July 8, 2015.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "H3 Launch Vehicle Brochure" (PDF).
  4. ↑ http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2013/12/25/national/science-health/jaxa-plans-to-test-new-large-rocket-from-2020/#.U3KqNIGSzcw
  5. ↑ https://www.chinapost.com.tw/asia/japan/2013/05/19/378945/Japan-may.htm
  6. ↑ http://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=21491.15
  7. ↑ "Test-firing of booster for H3 rocket". NHK World. 27 August 2018. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
  8. ↑ "Development of the LE-X Engine" (PDF). Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Technical Review. December 2011.
  9. ↑ 2020年：H3ロケットの目指す姿 (PDF) (in Japanese). JAXA. July 8, 2015. Retrieved July 8, 2015.
  10. 1 2 Henry, Caleb (12 July 2018). "Blue Origin to offer dual launch with New Glenn after fifth mission". SpaceNews. Retrieved 5 August 2018. H3 is on track for a 2020 debut with a price meant to be on par with SpaceX’s Falcon 9.
  11. ↑ "宇宙基本計画工程表 (平成２９年度改訂)" (PDF) (in Japanese). Cabinet Office. 12 December 2017. Retrieved 2017-12-29.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.