Cabinet of Indonesia
This article is part of a series on the politics and government of Indonesia |
---|
Pancasila (national philosophy) |
Constitution |
Executive |
|
|
Foreign relations |
The Cabinet of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Kabinet Republik Indonesia) is part of the executive branch of the Indonesian government. It is composed of the most senior appointed officers of the executive branch of the government serving under the President. Members of the Cabinet (except for the Vice President) serve at the pleasure of the President, who can dismiss them at will for no cause.
Indonesia has seen dozens of cabinets since independence in 1945. Although after the New Order most cabinets remained unchanged for five years at a time. Most cabinets are referred to by the names given them at the time of formation. The current presidential cabinet is the Working Cabinet of Joko Widodo.
History
The concept of a cabinet is not mentioned explicitly in the 1945 Constitution, so Indonesia's cabinets since 14 November 1945 are the result of administrative convention. There have been two types of cabinet in Indonesian history; presidential and parliamentary. In presidential cabinets, the president is responsible for government policy as head of state and government, while in parliamentary cabinets, the cabinet carries out government policy, and is responsible to the legislature.[1]
During the War of Independence from 1945-1949, the cabinet changed from a presidential to a parliamentary system, despite this not being the system intended by those who drew up the Constitution; however, at several critical periods, it reverted to a presidential system. During this period, the cabinet had between 16 and 37 ministers with 12-15 ministries.[2]
On 27 December 1949, the Netherlands recognised the sovereignty of the United States of Indonesia (RIS). Under the Federal Constitution of 1949, the RIS had a parliamentary cabinet as ministers were responsible for government policy. With the return to the unitary state of Indonesia in August 1950, the parliamentary cabinet system remained due to an agreement between the governments of the RIS and the Republic of Indonesia (a constituent of the RIS). Article 83 of the Provisional Constitution of 1950 stated that ministers had full responsibility for government policy. Over the following nine years there were seven cabinets with between 18 and 25 members.[3]
On 5 July 1959, President Sukarno issued a decree abrogating the 1950 Constitution and returning to the 1945 Constitution. The cabinet was also dissolved. A new presidential cabinet was formed shortly after, but this new cabinet did not follow the 1945 Constitution either, as the office of prime minister still existed, along with deputy prime ministers. Moreover, the offices of Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Indonesia and Speaker of the People's Representative Council which were supposed to be equal to the President, and the office of Chairman of the People's Consultative Assembly, which was supposed to be above all government branches, were included into the Cabinet. During the final years of Sukarno's presidency, cabinets were larger, peaking at 111 ministers.
During the New Order under President Suharto, cabinets were smaller, and from 1968 until 1998 lasted for the five-year presidential term. Offices that were not sanctioned by the 1945 Constitution were abolished. Following the fall of Suharto and the beginning of the Reformasi era, the presidential cabinet system has been retained.[4]
Until 2010, cabinet ministries were dubbed 'Departments' (Departemen) following the United States model. After 2010, all 'departements' were renamed into 'ministries' (Kementerian), thus bringing them in line with the Netherlands model of ministries and a state sectretariat.
Current Cabinet
The present Indonesian cabinet, the Working Cabinet (Indonesian: Kabinet Kerja), was sworn in on 27 October 2014. The cabinet consists of 34 ministers.[5] On 12 August 2015, President Jokowi held the first reshuffle of his cabinet, replacing 6 ministers just 10 months after his inauguration. He further reshuffled his ministerial team on 27 July 2016[6][7]
Coordinating Ministers
Coordinating Ministry | Ministry | Coordinating Minister | Party | Assumed Office | Portrait | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coordinating Ministry for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs
Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Politik, Hukum, dan Keamanan |
Wiranto | Hanura | 27 July 2016 | |||
Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs
Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Ekonomi |
|
Darmin Nasution | Independent | 12 August 2015 | ||
Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs and Natural Resources
Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Kemaritiman dan Sumber Daya |
Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan | Golkar | 27 July 2016 | |||
Coordinating Ministry for Human Development and Culture
Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Pembangunan Manusia dan Kebudayaan |
|
Puan Maharani | PDIP | 27 October 2014 |
Ministers
Portfolio | Minister | Party | In Office since | Portrait |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ministry of State Secretariat Kementerian Sekretariat Negara |
Pratikno | Independent | 27 October 2014 | |
Ministry of Home Affairs Kementerian Dalam Negeri |
Tjahjo Kumolo | PDIP | 27 October 2014 | |
Ministry of Foreign Affairs Kementerian Luar Negeri |
Retno Marsudi | Independent | 27 October 2014 | |
Ministry of Defense Kementerian Pertahanan |
Ryamizard Ryacudu | Independent | 27 October 2014 | |
Ministry of Law and Human Rights Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia |
Yasonna Laoly | PDIP | 27 October 2014 | |
Ministry of Finance Kementerian Keuangan |
Sri Mulyani Indrawati | Independent | 27 July 2016 | |
Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral |
Ignasius Jonan | Independent | 27 July 2016 | |
Ministry of Industry Kementerian Perindustrian |
Airlangga Hartarto | Golkar | 26 July 2016 | |
Ministry of Trade Kementerian Perdagangan |
Enggartiasto Lukita | Nasdem Party | 27 July 2016 | |
Ministry of Agriculture Kementerian Pertanian |
Amran Sulaiman | Independent | 27 October 2014 | |
Ministry of Environment and Forestry Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan |
Siti Nurbaya Bakar | Nasdem | 27 October 2014 | |
Ministry of Transportation Kementerian Perhubungan |
Budi Karya Sumadi | Independent | 27 July 2016 | |
Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan |
Susi Pudjiastuti | Independent | 27 October 2014 | |
Ministry of Manpower Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan |
Hanif Dhakiri | PKB | 27 October 2014 | |
Ministry of Villages, Disadvantaged Regions and Transmigration Kementerian Desa, Pembangunan Daerah Tertinggal dan Transmigrasi |
Eko Putro Sandjojo | PKB | 27 July 2016 | |
Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat |
Basuki Hadimuljono | Independent | 27 October 2014 | |
Ministry of Health Kementerian Kesehatan |
Nila Moeloek | Independent | 27 October 2014 | |
Ministry of Education and Culture Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan |
Muhadjir Effendy | Independent | 27 July 2016 | |
Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education Kementerian Riset, Teknologi, dan Pendidikan Tinggi |
Muhammad Nasir | Independent | 27 October 2014 | |
Ministry of Social Affairs Kementerian Sosial |
Agus Gumiwang Kartasasmita | Golkar | 24 August 2018 | |
Ministry of Religious Affairs Kementerian Agama |
Lukman Hakim Saifuddin | PPP | 27 October 2014 | |
Ministry of Tourism Kementerian Pariwisata |
Arief Yahya | Independent | 27 October 2014 | |
Ministry of Communication and Informatics Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika |
Rudiantara | Independent | 27 October 2014 | |
Ministry of Cooperatives and Small & Medium Enterprises Kementerian Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil dan Menengah |
Anak Agung Gede Ngurah Puspayoga | PDIP | 27 October 2014 | |
Ministry of Female Empowerment and Child Protection Kementerian Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak |
Yohana Yembise | Independent | 27 October 2014 | |
Ministry of Administrative and Bureaucratic Reform Kementerian Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara dan Reformasi Birokrasi |
Syafruddin | Independent | 15 August 2016 | |
Ministry of National Development Planning/ National Development Planning Agency Kementerian Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional/ Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional |
Bambang Brodjonegoro | Independent | 27 July 2016 | |
Ministry of Land and Spatial Planning / National Land Agency Kementerian Agraria dan Tata Ruang/ Badan Pertanahan Nasional |
Sofyan Djalil | Independent | 27 July 2016 | |
Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises Kementerian Badan Usaha Milik Negara |
Rini Soemarno | Independent | 27 October 2014 | |
Ministry of Youth and Sports Affairs Kementerian Pemuda dan Olahraga |
Imam Nahrawi | PKB | 27 October 2014 |
Cabinet-level Officials
Portfolio | Incumbent Head | In office since | Portrait |
---|---|---|---|
Attorney General's Office Kejaksaan Agung |
Muhammad Prasetyo | 20 November 2014 | |
National Armed Forces Tentara Nasional Indonesia |
Hadi Tjahjanto | 8 December 2017 | |
National Police Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia |
Tito Karnavian | 17 April 2015 | |
Secretariat of the Cabinet Sekretariat Kabinet |
Pramono Anung | 12 August 2015 | |
State Intelligence Agency Badan Intelijen Negara |
Budi Gunawan | 8 July 2015 | |
Investment Coordinating Board Badan Koordinasi Penanaman Modal |
Thomas Lembong | 27 July 2016 | |
Presidential Staff Office Staf Kepresidenan |
Moeldoko | 17 January.2018 |
List of Indonesian Cabinets
Parliamentary cabinets were usually known by the name of the prime minister, but after 1959 they were named after their principal tasking.[8] The complete list of cabinets follows:[9][10]
Name of Cabinet | Head of Cabinet | Period of Office |
---|---|---|
Presidential Cabinet | Sukarno | 2 September 1945 – 23 November 1945 |
First Sjahrir Cabinet | Sutan Sjahrir | 23 November 1945 – 12 March 1946 |
Second Sjahrir Cabinet | 12 March 1946 – 2 October 1946 | |
Third Sjahrir Cabinet | 2 October 1946 – 27 June 1947 | |
First Amir Sjarifuddin Cabinet | Amir Sjarifuddin | 3 July 1947 – 11 November 1947 |
Second Amir Sjarifuddin Cabinet | 11 November 1947 – 29 January 1948 | |
First Hatta Cabinet | Mohammad Hatta | 29 January 1948 – 19 December 1949 |
Emergency Cabinet | Sjafruddin Prawiranegara | 22 December 1948 – 13 July 1949 |
First Hatta Cabinet | Mohammad Hatta | 13 July 1949 – 4 August 1949 |
Second Hatta Cabinet | 4 August – 14 December 1949 | |
RUSI Cabinet | Mohammad Hatta | 20 December 1949 – 7 September 1950 |
Susanto Cabinet | Susanto Tirtoprodjo | 27 December 1949 – 21 January 1950 |
Halim Cabinet | Abdul Halim | 21 January 1950 – 7 September 1950 |
Natsir Cabinet | Muhammad Natsir | 7 September 1950 – 27 April 1951 |
Sukiman Cabinet | Sukiman Wirjosandjojo | 27 April 1951 – 3 April 1952 |
Wilopo Cabinet | Wilopo | 3 April 1952 – 30 July 1953 |
First Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet | Ali Sastroamidjojo | 30 July 1953 – 1 August 1955 |
Burhanuddin Harahap Cabinet | Burhanuddin Harahap | 1 August 1955 – 24 March 1956 |
Second Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet | Ali Sastroamidjojo | 26 March 1956 – 9 April 1957 |
Djuanda Cabinet | Djuanda Kartawidjaja | 10 April 1957 – 10 July 1959 |
First Working Cabinet | Sukarno | 10 July 1959 – 18 February 1960 |
Second Working Cabinet | 18 February 1960 – 8 March 1962 | |
Third Working Cabinet | 8 March 1962 – 23 November 1963 | |
Fourth Working Cabinet | 23 November 1963 – 2 September 1964 | |
Dwikora Cabinet | 2 September 1964 – 24 February 1966 | |
Revised Dwikora Cabinet | 24 February 1966 – 30 March 1966 | |
Second Revised Dwikora Cabinet | 30 March – 25 July 1966 | |
Ampera Cabinet | 28 July 1966 – 12 March 1967 | |
Suharto | 12 March 1967 – 14 October 1967 | |
Revised Ampera Cabinet | 14 October 1967 – 10 June 1968 | |
First Development Cabinet | Suharto | 10 June 1968 – 28 March 1973 |
Second Development Cabinet | 28 March 1973 – 31 March 1978 | |
Third Development Cabinet | 31 March 1978 – 19 March 1983 | |
Fourth Development Cabinet | 19 March 1983 – 23 March 1988 | |
Fifth Development Cabinet | 23 March 1988 – 19 March 1993 | |
Sixth Development Cabinet | 19 March 1993 – 16 March 1998 | |
Seventh Development Cabinet | 16 March 1998 – 23 May 1998 | |
Development Reform Cabinet | Jusuf Habibie | 23 May 1998 – 29 October 1999 |
National Unity Cabinet | Abdurrahman Wahid | 29 October 1999 – 9 August 2001 |
Mutual Assistance Cabinet | Megawati Sukarnoputri | 10 August 2001 – 20 October 2004 |
United Indonesia Cabinet | Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono | 21 October 2004 – 22 October 2009 |
Second United Indonesia Cabinet | 22 October 2009 – 20 October 2014 | |
Working Cabinet | Joko Widodo | 27 October 2014 – present[11] |
Source: Simanjuntak 2003 | ||
See also
References
- Daniel Dhaidae & H. Witdarmono (Eds) (2000)Wajah Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republic Indonesia Pemilihan Umum 1999 (Faces of the Republic of Indonesia People's Representative Council 1999 General Election) Harian Kompas, Jakarta, ISBN 979-9251-43-5
- Feith, Herbert (2007) The Decline of Constitutional Democracy in Indonesia Equinox Publishing (Asia) Pte Ltd, ISBN 9793780452
- Simanjuntak, P. N. H. (2003). Kabinet-Kabinet Republik Indonesia: Dari Awal Kemerdekaan Sampai Reformasi (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Djambatan. ISBN 979-428-499-8.
- Yayasan API (2001),Panduan Parlemen Indonesia (Indonesian Parliamentary Guide), ISBN 979-96532-1-5
Notes
- ↑ Simanjuntak (2003) p1
- ↑ Simanjuntak (2003) p2
- ↑ Simanjuntak (2003) pp. 3-4
- ↑ Simanjuntak (2003) pp. 5-6
- ↑ "Jokowi's Cabinet announced, here is the lineup". The Jakarta Post. 26 October 2014. Retrieved 7 Nov 2016.
- ↑ "Presiden Jokowi lantik enam menteri baru". BBC.com. 12 August 2015.
- ↑ Ayomi Amindoni (27 July 2016), "Jokowi's new Cabinet announced", The Jakarta Post, retrieved 5 August 2016
- ↑ Simanjuntak (2003) p66
- ↑ Simanjuntak (2003)
- ↑ Feith (2007)
- ↑ "Cabinet Announcement Still Elusive but State Palace Targets Monday Inauguration". thejakartaglobe.beritasatu.com/news/cabinet-announcement-still-elusive-state-palace-targets-monday-inauguration/. Jakarta Globe.