National Awakening Party

National Awakening Party
Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa
Chairman Muhaimin Iskandar
Secretary-General Hanif Dhakiri
Founded 11 May 1998
Headquarters Jakarta
Ideology Pancasila
Islamic democracy
Liberal conservatism
Pluralism
Ballot number 1
DPR Seats
47 / 560
Provincial DPRD Seats
145 / 2,147
[1]
Website
www.dpp.pkb.or.id

The National Awakening Party (Indonesian: Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa), frequently abbreviated to PKB, is an Islam-based[2][3] political party in Indonesia.

The party was founded in 1999, by the traditionalist strand of Muslim society in Indonesia, which overlaps with the membership of Nahdlatul Ulama.[4] The party is described as nationalist Muslim party, which promotes inclusive and nationalist principles and upholds Pancasila doctrine.[2]

In 2014, the party obtained the popular vote by 9.04 percent, which is an increase from 4.95 percent in 2009 but lower than 10.57 percent in 2004.[2] The party is currently led by Muhaimin Iskandar.

Origins

The PKB was established on 11 May 1998. The Kyai ("religious leader"), held a meeting at Pesantren Langitan to discuss several problems facing Indonesia deemed as critical. They developed an official statement, which Kyai members Muchid Muzadi of Jember and Gus Yusuf Muhammad, were sent to deliver to Soeharto, the (President). Before they were able to deliver the statement, however, Soeharto resigned on 23 May 1998.

On 30 May 1998, the Kyai held a grand Istighosah in the office of the East Java Nahdlatul Ulama (NU). The meeting resulted in KH Cholil Bisri being urged to form a party based on the NU's political aspirations. After initially resisting their request, due to his desire to continue his work with boarding schools (Pesantren), Bisri eventually relented and accepted the leadership role.

A week later, on 6 June, Bisri met the Kyai in order to discuss the formation of the new party. Invitations had been sent via telephone, and more than 200 Kyai attended the meeting, which was held in Bisri's home in Leteh, Rembang, Central Java. This meeting resulted in the formation of the "Standing Committee", consisting of 11 people, with Bisri as chairman and Gus Yus as secretary. In turn, this committee worked in a marathon session, preparing a platform and party components, including the logos which would become the party's symbol. The logos were created by KH A. Mustofa Bisri.

The Standing Committee and representatives of the NU held a major conference in Bandung, on 4 July 1998, which was attended by 27 regional representatives. In a discussion regarding the name of the organization, the proposed names were the "National Awakening Party", the "Party Kebangkitan Nahdlatul Ummah" and the "Ummah Party". The name chosen was "Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa" (PKB) meaning "National Awakening Party". The party's declaratory was 72 people, representing the age of the NU organization, consisting of the Standing Committee Team (11), the Lajnah Assistance Team (14), Team NU (5), the NU Assistance Team (7), and two Representatives from each of the 27 regions (27 x 2). The 72 founders signed the Party’s Platform and its components.

Subsequent to this, however, the PBNU decided that only five people could become the party’s declaratory. Those five were Kyai Munasir Ali, Kyai Ilyas Ruchiyat, Kyai Muchid Muzadi, KH A. Mustofa Bisri and KH Abddurahman Wahid, who was the chairman of the PBNU. The 72 names of the party’s original declaratory were erased by the PBNU.

The party's base of support is strongest in Java Island and draws from the constituency that formerly supported the conservative Muslim organization NU. The PKB differs from Nahdlatul Ulama in that while it supports a role for Islam in government, it does not share the older organization's support for an explicitly Islamic republic.[5]

General elections

The National Awakening Party stood in the 1999 elections, winning 13 percent of the votes. In the 2004 elections, the party gained 10.57% (11,989,564) of votes and 52 seats in the People's Representative Council. However, the party won only 4.9 percent of the votes in the 2009 legislative election, and 27 seats in the legislature.[6][7]

Policies

According to the party website, the party's policies are to:[8]

  • Strengthen democracy to increase the prosperity of people living in villages
  • Strengthen the protection of farmers and fishermen
  • Accelerate the development of disadvantaged regions
  • Make labourers prosperous
  • Increase the involvement of women in strategic sectors

For the 2014 elections, the party plans to focus more intensively on its policies related to villages, in particular such as village representation, the allocation of funding for villages and the development of education and health facilities.

Election results

Legislative election results

Election Ballot number Total seats won Total votes Share of votes Outcome of election Election leader
1999 35
51 / 500
 13,336,982 12.61%[9] Increase51 seats, Governing coalition Matori Abdul Djalil
2004 15
52 / 550
 11,989,564 10.57%[10] Increase1 seat, Governing coalition Alwi Shihab
2009 13
28 / 560
 5,146,302 4.94%[10] Decrease24 seats, Governing coalition Muhaimin Iskandar
2014 2
47 / 560
 11,298,957 9.04%[11] Increase19 seats, Governing coalition Muhaimin Iskandar
2019 1

Presidential election results

Election Ballot number Candidate Running mate 1st round
(Total votes)		 Share of votes Outcome 2nd round
(Total votes)		 Share of votes Outcome
2004 4 Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono Jusuf Kalla 39,838,184 33.57% Runoff 69,266,350 60.62% Elected Green tick
2009 2 Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono Boediono 73,874,562 60.80% Elected Green tick
2014 2 Joko Widodo[12] Jusuf Kalla 70,997,833 53.15% Elected Green tick
2019 01 Joko Widodo Ma'ruf Amin TBD TBD TBD

Note: Bold text suggests the party's member

Notes

    References

    1. ↑ Jakarta: "Jumlah Kursi & Fraksi DPRD DKI Jakarta Periode 2014-2019" (in Indonesian). DPRD DKI Jakarta.
      North Kalimantan: "Seluruh Parpol Kebagian Kursi di DPRD Kaltara". JPNN (in Indonesian). 29 April 2014.
      All others: "Data Perolehan Kursi DPRD Kabupaten Kota" (in Indonesian). University of Indonesia.
    2. 1 2 3 Al-Hamdi, Ridho. (2017). Moving towards a Normalised Path: Political Islam in Contemporary Indonesia. JURNAL STUDI PEMERINTAHAN (JOURNAL OF GOVERNMENT & POLITICS). Vol. 8 No. 1, February 2017. p.52, pp.56, p.62.
    3. ↑ Al-Hamdi, Ridho. (2013). Partai politik Islam: Teori dan praktik di Indonesia. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu.
    4. ↑ Evans, Kevin Raymond. (2003). The history of political parties and general elections in Indonesia. Jakarta: Arise Consultancies.
    5. ↑ Evans, Kevin R (2003). The history of political parties & general elections in Indonesia. Jakarta: Arise Consultancies.
    6. ↑ "Democratic Party controls 26% of parliamentary seats". Jakarta Post. 10 May 2009. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016.
    7. ↑ "KPU Ubah Perolehan Kursi Parpol di DPR (KPU Changes Allocations of Parties' seats in the DPR)". Indonesian General Election Commission (in Indonesian). 14 May 2009. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014.
    8. ↑ "Pemilu 2014, PKB Usung Platform dan Visi Kerakyatan". PKB official site (in Indonesian).
    9. ↑ "Pemilu 1999 - KPU" (in Indonesian). Komisi Pemilihan Umum Republik Indonesia. 21 February 2008. Retrieved 1 August 2018.
    10. 1 2 "Bab V - Hasil Pemilu - KPU" (PDF) (in Indonesian). Komisi Pemilihan Umum Republik Indonesia. Retrieved 1 August 2018.
    11. ↑ "KPU sahkan hasil pemilu, PDIP nomor satu" (in Indonesian). BBC. 10 May 2014. Retrieved 1 August 2018.
    12. ↑ "Jokowi dan JK daftar ke KPU" (in Indonesian). BBC. 19 May 2014. Retrieved 1 August 2018.
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