Corneal ectatic disorders

Corneal ectatic disorders or corneal ectasia are a group of uncommon, noninflammatory, eye disorders characterised by bilateral thinning of the central, paracentral, or peripheral cornea.[1]

  • Keratoconus, a progressive, noninflammatory, bilateral, asymmetric disease, characterized by paraxial stromal thinning and weakening that leads to corneal surface distortion.[2]
  • Keratoglobus, a rare noninflammatory corneal thinning disorder, characterised by generalised thinning and globular protrusion of the cornea.[3]
  • Pellucid marginal degeneration, a bilateral, noninflammatory disorder, characterized by a peripheral band of thinning of the inferior cornea.[4]
  • Posterior keratoconus, a rare condition, usually congenital, which causes a nonprogressive thinning of the inner surface of the cornea, while the curvature of the anterior surface remains normal. Usually only a single eye is affected.
  • Post-LASIK ectasia, a complication of LASIK eye surgery.[5]
  • Terrien's marginal degeneration, a painless, noninflammatory, unilateral or asymmetrically bilateral, slowly progressive thinning of the peripheral corneal stroma.[6]

Treatment

Treatment options include contact lenses and intrastromal corneal ring segments for correcting refractive errors caused by irregular corneal surface,[7][8] corneal collagen cross-linking to strengthen a weak and ectatic cornea,[9] or corneal transplant for advanced cases.

References

  1. ↑ "Corneal ectatic disorders (keratoconus and pellucid marginal degeneration)". AAO ONE Network. American Academy of Ophthalmology.
  2. ↑ Weissman, Barry A; Yeung, Karen K. "Keratoconus". Medscape.
  3. ↑ Wallang, B S; Das, S (28 June 2013). "Keratoglobus". Eye. 27 (9): 1004–1012. doi:10.1038/eye.2013.130. PMC 3772364. PMID 23807384.
  4. ↑ Rasheed, Karim; Rabinowitz, Yaron. "Pellucid Marginal Degeneration". Medscape.
  5. ↑ "Ectasia After LASIK". American Academy of Ophthalmology.
  6. ↑ "Terrien marginal degeneration". American Academy of Ophthalmology.
  7. ↑ Marsack, Jason D.; Parker, Katrina E.; Applegate, Raymond A. (December 2008). "Performance of Wavefront-Guided Soft Lenses in Three Keratoconus Subjects". Optometry and Vision Science. 85 (12): E1172–E1178. doi:10.1097/OPX.0b013e31818e8eaa. PMC 2614306.
  8. ↑ Marsack, JD; Parker, KE; Niu, Y; Pesudovs, K; Applegate, RA (November 2007). "On-eye performance of custom wavefront-guided soft contact lenses in a habitual soft lens-wearing keratoconic patient". Journal of refractive surgery (Thorofare, N.J. : 1995). 23 (9): 960–4. PMID 18041254.
  9. ↑ Avni-Zauberman, N; Rootman, DS (November 2014). "Cross-linking and intracorneal ring segments--review of the literature". Eye & contact lens. 40 (6): 365–70. doi:10.1097/icl.0000000000000091. PMID 25320956.
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