Benicio del Toro

Benicio Del Toro
Del Toro at the premiere Guardians of the Galaxy in July 2014
Born Benicio Monserrate Rafael del Toro Sánchez
(1967-02-19) February 19, 1967
San Germán, Puerto Rico
Citizenship
Occupation
  • Actor
  • film producer
Years active 1987–present
Children 1

Benicio Monserrate Rafael del Toro Sánchez (born February 19, 1967) is a Puerto Rican actor. He won an Academy Award, BAFTA Award, Golden Globe Award and Screen Actors Guild Award for his portrayal of the jaded but morally upright police officer Javier Rodriguez in the film Traffic (2000). Del Toro's performance as ex-con turned religious fanatic in despair, Jack Jordan, in Alejandro González Iñárritu's 21 Grams (2003) earned him a second Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor, as well as a second Screen Actors Guild Awards nomination and a BAFTA Awards nomination for Best Actor in a Leading Role.

He is also known for his scene-stealing breakout role as the eccentric, unintelligible crook Fred Fenster in The Usual Suspects (1995), which won him his first Independent Spirit Award; Benny Dalmau in Basquiat (1996), which won him a second consecutive Independent Spirit Award; Dr. Gonzo in Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas (1998); doomed gambleholic Franky Four Fingers in Snatch (2000); the predatory, unhinged antagonist Jackie Boy in Sin City (2005); revolutionary Che Guevara in Che (2008), a performance which earned him the Best Actor Award both at the Cannes Film Festival and at the Goya Awards; and as Alejandro, a mysterious, ruthless agent out to bring down a drug cartel in Sicario (2015), for which del Toro won several awards, including the Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actor, and was nominated for a third BAFTA Award.

His noteworthy body of work also includes portrayals of the Collector in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, infamous drug lord Pablo Escobar in Escobar: Paradise Lost, Lawrence Talbot in the 2010 remake of The Wolfman, and codebreaker DJ in Star Wars: The Last Jedi.

Early life

Del Toro was born on February 19, 1967, in San Germán, Puerto Rico, to Gustavo Adolfo del Toro Bermúdez and Fausta Genoveva Sánchez Rivera (daughter of Benicio Sánchez Castaño and Lirio Belén Rivera),[3] who were both lawyers. Many of del Toro's relatives are involved in Puerto Rico's legal system.[4] He has an older brother, Gustavo, who is the Executive Vice President and Chief Medical Officer at the Wyckoff Heights Medical Center in the Bushwick section of Brooklyn, New York.[5][6] He had a Catalan paternal great-grandfather and a Basque maternal great-grandmother.[7][8] Del Toro is related to Puerto Rican basketball player Carlos Arroyo, Spanish latin pop and eurodance singer Rebeca Pous Del Toro, whose maternal grandfather was Puerto Rican, and Puerto Rican singer Eliseo del Toro.

He spent most of his infancy in Santurce, a barrio within San Juan. Del Toro, whose childhood nicknames were "Skinny Benny" and "Beno", was raised a Roman Catholic[9][10] and attended Academia del Perpetuo Socorro (The Academy of Our Lady of Perpetual Help), a Roman Catholic school in Miramar, Puerto Rico.[11][12] When del Toro was nine years old, his mother died of hepatitis.[5] At age 15, he moved with his father and brother to Mercersburg, Pennsylvania, where he was enrolled at the Mercersburg Academy. He spent his adolescence and attended high school there.[13] After graduation, del Toro followed the advice of his father and pursued a business degree at the University of California, San Diego.[13] Success in an elective drama course encouraged him to drop out of college and study with noted acting teachers Stella Adler and Arthur Mendoza, in Los Angeles, as well as at the Circle in the Square Theatre School in New York City.[13]

Career

Del Toro surfaced in small television roles during the late 1980s, playing mostly thugs and drug dealers on programs such as Miami Vice and the NBC miniseries Drug Wars: The Camarena Story. He appeared in Madonna's 1987 music video "La Isla Bonita" as a background character sitting on a car. Work in films followed, beginning with his debut in Big Top Pee-wee (1988) and as Dario in the James Bond movie Licence to Kill (1989),[13] in which the 21-year-old del Toro held the distinction of being the youngest actor ever to play a Bond henchman. Del Toro continued to appear in movies including The Indian Runner (1991), China Moon (1994), Christopher Columbus: The Discovery (1992), Money for Nothing (1993), Fearless (1993) and Swimming with Sharks (1994).

His career gained momentum in 1995 with his breakout performance in The Usual Suspects, where he played the mumbling, wisecracking Fred Fenster.[13] The role won him an Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Male and established him as a character actor. This led to stronger roles in independent and major studio films, including playing Gaspare in Abel Ferrara's The Funeral (1996) and winning a second consecutive Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Male for his work as Benny Dalmau in Basquiat (1996), directed by his friend, artist Julian Schnabel. Del Toro also shared the screen with Robert De Niro in the big-budget thriller The Fan (1996), in which he played Juan Primo, a charismatic Puerto Rican baseball star. He subsequently starred opposite Alicia Silverstone in Excess Baggage (1997), which Silverstone produced.

Del Toro at the 2013 San Diego Comic Con International

For Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas, the 1998 film adaptation of Hunter S. Thompson's famous book, he gained more than 40 lbs. (about 18 kg) to play Dr. Gonzo (a.k.a. Oscar Zeta Acosta), Thompson's lawyer and drug-fiend cohort.[13] The surrealistic film, directed by Terry Gilliam, has earned a cult following over the years.

Del Toro's performances in four films in 2000 gained him a mainstream audience. First, the crime yarn The Way of the Gun reunited him with The Usual Suspects screenwriter Christopher McQuarrie. A few months later, he stood out among a first-rate ensemble cast in Steven Soderbergh's Traffic, a complex dissection of the North American drug wars. As Javier Rodriguez — a Mexican border policeman struggling to remain honest amid the corruption and deception of illegal drug trafficking — del Toro, who spoke most of his lines in Spanish, gave a performance that dominated the film.[13] His performance swept all of the major critics' awards in 2001. Del Toro won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor, becoming the fourth living Oscar winner whose winning role was a character who speaks predominantly in a foreign language. Del Toro is also the third Puerto Rican actor to win an Oscar, after Jose Ferrer and Rita Moreno.[13] The night he won his Oscar marked the first time that two actors born in Puerto Rico were nominated in the same category (the other actor was Joaquin Phoenix). In his acceptance speech, del Toro thanked the people of both Nogales, Arizona and Nogales, Sonora and dedicated his award to them. In addition to the Oscar, he also won the Golden Globe Award and the Screen Actors Guild award for Best Actor. Traffic was also a success at the box office. This was soon followed by a small role as the diamond thief Franky Four Fingers in Guy Ritchie's hip caper comedy Snatch and a role as a mentally challenged Native American man in The Pledge, directed by his old friend Sean Penn.[13]

In 2003, del Toro appeared in two films: The Hunted, co-starring Tommy Lee Jones and the drama 21 Grams, co-starring Sean Penn and Naomi Watts. He went on to garner another Best Supporting Actor Oscar nomination for his work in the latter. He then appeared in the film adaptation of Frank Miller's graphic novel Sin City, directed by Robert Rodriguez, and Things We Lost in the Fire, the English-language debut of celebrated Danish director Susanne Bier.

Del Toro at the 2014 Toronto Film Festival

In 2008, del Toro was awarded the Prix d'interpretation masculine (or Best Actor Award) at the Cannes Film Festival for his characterization of Che Guevara in the biographical films The Argentine and Guerrilla (together known as Che).[14] During his acceptance speech, del Toro dedicated his award "to the man himself, Che Guevara" along with director Steven Soderbergh.[15] Del Toro was also awarded a 2009 Goya Award as the Best Actor for his depiction of Che.[16] Actor Sean Penn, who won an Oscar for his role in Milk, remarked that he was surprised and disappointed that Che and del Toro were not also up for any Academy Award nominations. During his acceptance speech for the Best Actor's trophy at the Screen Actors Guild Awards, Penn expressed his dismay stating, "The fact that there aren't crowns on Soderbergh's and del Toro's heads right now, I don't understand... that is such a sensational movie, Che."[17] For the final portions of the film (shown here), del Toro shed 35 pounds to show how ill Guevara had become near the end of his life in the jungles of Bolivia.[18]

In 2010, del Toro starred in and produced the remake of Lon Chaney Jr.'s classic cult film The Wolf Man (1941).[19]

He was chosen to be the face of the 2011 Campari calendar, becoming the first male model to be featured in the Italian liquor company's calendar.[20][21]

Del Toro played The Collector in a mid-credits scene of Marvel Studios' superhero film Thor: The Dark World (2013) and later reprised his role in Guardians of the Galaxy (2014).[22] and Avengers: Infinity War (2018).

In September 2015, del Toro played Alejandro Gillick in the critically acclaimed Sicario, about a principled FBI agent who is enlisted by a government task force to bring down the leader of a powerful and brutal Mexican drug cartel. Film critics widely praised his performance.[23][24] Del Toro reprised his role in the sequel Sicario: Day of the Soldado (2018).

In 2016, del Toro appeared in a Heineken beer television advertisement in its More Behind the Star series. The gag in the spot is that fans frequently mistake him for fellow actor Antonio Banderas, much to del Toro's chagrin.[25] In 2017, he played DJ in Star Wars: The Last Jedi.[26]

Personal life

On April 11, 2011, del Toro's publicist announced that del Toro and Kimberly Stewart (daughter of Rod Stewart) were expecting their first child, although they were not in a relationship.[27] Stewart gave birth to a daughter, Delilah,[28] on August 21, 2011.[27] They had their daughter baptised in Puerto Rico.[29]

On November 4, 2011, he acquired Spanish citizenship, along with fellow Puerto Rican Ricky Martin. The request was granted by the Spanish government due to his artistic talents and his Spanish ancestry (he has family in Barcelona).[30]

In March 2012, he was granted an honorary degree by the Interamerican University of Puerto Rico for his impact on the cinema enterprise, during the celebration of the institution's centenary.[31]

Environmental causes

In 2003, Benicio del Toro became the spokesman of the educational campaign "Yo Limpio a Puerto Rico", an environmental organization founded in 1997 by Ignacio Barsottelli, whose mission is to educate and mobilize Puerto Ricans in favor of recycling and the protection of the environment.[32]

Del Toro narrated the public service announcement entitled "Coral Reef", joining the "Artists to the rescue of the environment" campaign.[32]

Filmography

Film

Year Title Role Director Notes
1988 Big Top Pee-wee Duke, the Dog-Faced Boy Randal Kleiser
1989 Licence to Kill Dario John Glen
1991 The Indian Runner Miguel Aguilera Sean Penn
1992 Christopher Columbus: The Discovery Alvaro Harana John Glen
1993 Fearless Manny Rodrigo Peter Weir
Huevos de oro Bob, the friend from Miami Bigas Luna
Money for Nothing Dino Palladino Ramón Menéndez
1994 Swimming with Sharks Rex George Huang
China Moon Detective Lamar Dickey John Bailey
1995 The Usual Suspects Fred Fenster Bryan Singer
Submission N/A Himself Short film; director, writer and producer
1996 The Funeral Gaspare Spoglia Abel Ferrara
The Fan Juan Primo Tony Scott
Cannes Man Himself Susan Hito Shapiro Cameo
Basquiat Benny Dalmau Julian Schnabel
Joyride Detective López Quinton Peeples
1997 Excess Baggage Vincent Roche Marco Brambilla
1998 Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas Dr. Gonzo Terry Gilliam
2000 Traffic Javier Rodríguez Steven Soderbergh
The Way of the Gun Harold Longbaugh Christopher McQuarrie
Snatch Franky "Four Fingers" Guy Ritchie
Bread and Roses Himself Ken Loach
2001 The Pledge Toby Jay Wadenah Sean Penn
2003 21 Grams Jack Jordan Alejandro González Iñárritu
The Hunted Aaron Hallam William Friedkin
2005 Sin City Jack Rafferty Frank Miller & Robert Rodriguez
2007 Things We Lost in the Fire Jerry Sunborne Susanne Bier
2008 Che Che Guevara Steven Soderbergh Also producer
2010 The Wolfman Lawrence Talbot / The Wolfman Joe Johnston Also producer
Somewhere Himself Sofia Coppola Uncredited cameo
2011 The Upsetter Narrator Ethan Higbee & Adam Bhala Lough
2012 Savages Lado Oliver Stone
7 Days in Havana N/A Himself Director; segment: El Yuma
2013 Jimmy Picard Jimmy Picard Arnaud Desplechin
Thor: The Dark World Taneleer Tivan / The Collector Alan Taylor Uncredited cameo
2014 Guardians of the Galaxy James Gunn
Inherent Vice Sauncho Smilax Paul Thomas Anderson
Escobar: Paradise Lost Pablo Escobar Andrea Di Stefano
2015 A Perfect Day Mambrú Fernando León de Aranoa
Sicario Alejandro Gillick Denis Villeneuve
The Little Prince The Snake (voice) Mark Osborne
2017 Star Wars: The Last Jedi DJ Rian Johnson
2018 Avengers: Infinity War Taneleer Tivan / The Collector Anthony and Joe Russo
Sicario: Day of the Soldado Alejandro Gillick Stefano Sollima

Television

Year Title Role Notes
1987Shell GamePedrozaEpisode: "The Upstairs Gardener"
Miami VicePitoEpisode: "Everybody's in Showbiz"
Private EyeEpisode: "Blue Movie"
1990Drug Wars: The Camarena StoryRafael Caro QuinteroTelevision miniseries
1994Tales from the CryptBillEpisode: "The Bribe"
1995Fallen AngelsPacoEpisode: "Good Housekeeping"
2008Todos Contra JuanHimselfEpisode: "Juan & La Critica"
2018Escape at DannemoraRichard Matt

Awards and nominations

Year Award Category Nominated work Result
1995 Chicago Film Critics Association Most Promising Actor The Usual Suspects Nominated
Independent Spirit Award Best Supporting Male[33] Won
National Board of Review Best Cast Won
Awards Circuit Community Award Best Cast Ensemble Won
1996 Independent Spirit Award Best Supporting Male Basquiat Won
1997 ALMA Award Outstanding Individual Performance in a Crossover Role Excess Baggage Nominated
2000 Academy Award Best Supporting Actor Traffic Won
BAFTA Award Best Actor in a Supporting Role Won
Broadcast Film Critics Association Best Supporting Actor 2nd Place
Golden Globe Award Best Supporting Actor Won
Screen Actors Guild Award Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role Won
Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture Won
Awards Circuit Community Award Best Supporting Actor Won
Blockbuster Entertainment Award Favourite Supporting Actor - Drama Won
Chicago Film Critics Association Best Supporting Actor Won
Chlotrudis Award Best Supporting Actor Won
Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Best Supporting Actor 2nd Place
Empire Award Best Actor Nominated
Florida Film Critics Circle Best Supporting Actor Won
Gold Derby Awards Supporting Actor of the Decade Nominated
Kansas City Film Critics Circle Best Supporting Actor Won
Las Vegas Film Critics Society Best Supporting Actor Won
Los Angeles Film Critics Association Best Supporting Actor 2nd Place
National Society of Film Critics Best Supporting Actor Won
New York Film Critics Circle Award Best Actor 2nd Place
Best Supporting Actor Won
Online Film & Television Association Best Supporting Actor Nominated
Online Film Critics Society Best Supporting Actor Won
Phoenix Film Critics Society Award Best Supporting Actor Nominated
San Diego Film Critics Society Best Supporting Actor Won
Satellite Award Best Supporting Actor Nominated
Silver Bear Best Actor Won
Southeastern Film Critics Association Best Supporting Actor Won
Toronto Film Critics Association Best Actor Won
Vancouver Film Critics Circle Best Actor Won
Village Voice Film Poll Best Supporting Actor Won
2001 ALMA Award Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Motion Picture The Pledge Nominated
2003 Academy Award Best Supporting Actor 21 Grams Nominated
BAFTA Award Best Actor in a Leading Role Nominated
Broadcast Film Critics Association Best Supporting Actor Nominated
Screen Actors Guild Award Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role Nominated
Awards Circuit Community Award Best Supporting Actor 2nd Place
Best Cast Nominated
Central Ohio Film Critics Association Best Supporting Actor Nominated
Chicago Film Critics Association Best Supporting Actor Nominated
Gold Derby Awards Best Supporting Actor Nominated
Best Cast Nominated
Golden Schmoes Award Best Supporting Actor Nominated
Independent Spirit Award Special Distinction Award Won
International Cinephile Society Best Supporting Actor Won
International Online Cinema Award Best Supporting Actor Won
Iowa Film Critics Award Best Supporting Actor Won
Italian Online Movie Award Best Supporting Actor Won
Las Vegas Film Critics Society Award Best Supporting Actor Nominated
Los Angeles Film Critics Association Best Supporting Actor 2nd Place
Online Film & Television Association Best Supporting Actor Nominated
Phoenix Film Critics Society Award Best Supporting Actor Nominated
Best Ensemble Acting Won
Prism Award Best Performance in a Theatrical Feature Film Nominated
Satellite Award Best Supporting Actor Nominated
Vancouver Film Critics Circle Best Supporting Actor 2nd Place
Venice Film Festival Best Actor Won
Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association Best Supporting Actor Won
2005 ALMA Award Outstanding Actor in a Motion Picture Sin City Nominated
2006 Broadcast Film Critics Association Best Acting Ensemble Nominated
Gold Derby Awards Best Ensemble Cast Nominated
2008 Cannes Film Festival Best Actor Che Won
Cinema Writers Circle Awards, Spain Best Actor Nominated
Goya Award Best Actor in a Leading Role Won
Online Film Critics Society Best Actor Nominated
Village Voice Film Poll Best Actor 3rd Place
2012 Alma Award Favorite Movie Actor Savages Nominated
MTV Movie Awards Best Latino Actor Nominated
Cannes Film Festival Un Certain Regard Award 7 días en La Habana Nominated
2014 Phoenix Film Critics Society Award Best Cast Guardians of the Galaxy Nominated
2015 Central Ohio Film Critics Association Best Ensemble Nominated
Detroit Film Critics Society Best Cast Won
Nevada Film Critics Society Best Ensemble Won
BAFTA Award Best Actor in a Supporting Role Sicario Nominated
AACTA International Award Best Supporting Actor Nominated
Austin Film Critics Association Best Supporting Actor Nominated
Central Ohio Film Critics Association Best Supporting Actor Won
Chicago Film Critics Association Best Supporting Actor Won
Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Best Supporting Actor 5th Place
Detroit Film Critics Society Best Supporting Actor Nominated
Gold Derby Awards Best Supporting Actor Nominated
Georgia Film Critics Association Best Supporting Actor Nominated
Golden Schmoes Award Best Supporting Actor 2nd Place
Hollywood Film Awards Supporting Actor of the Year Won
IndieWire Critics Poll Best Supporting Actor 4th Place
International Cinephile Society Best Supporting Actor Nominated
International Online Cinema Award Best Supporting Actor 3d Place
Jupiter Film Award Best International Actor Nominated
Kansas City Film Critics Circle Best Supporting Actor Nominated
London Film Critics' Circle Supporting Actor of the Year Nominated
North Carolina Film Critics Association Best Supporting Actor Nominated
Online Film & Television Association Best Supporting Actor Nominated
Online Film Critics Society Best Supporting Actor Nominated
San Francisco Film Critics Circle Best Supporting Actor Nominated
Satellite Award Best Supporting Actor Nominated
Seattle Film Critics Society Best Supporting Actor Won
Toronto Film Critics Association Awards Best Supporting Actor 2nd Place
Village Voice Film Poll Best Supporting Actor 7th Place

See also

References

  1. "Ricky Martin & Benicio del Toro are Officially Spanish Citizens". LATINA. Retrieved 2018-02-14.
  2. GALAZ, MÁBEL; PAÍS, EL (2011-11-04). "Ricky Martin takes Spanish citizenship in order to marry". El País. ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2018-02-14.
  3. "Fausta Genoveva Sanchez Rivera] - United States Census, 1940".
  4. "Benicio DEL Toro Biography (1967-)". filmreference.com.
  5. 1 2 'Dammit, this guy is cool' - The Guardian - published 2008-11-29, retrieved June 29, 2009.
  6. "Gustavo Del Toro - Mount Sinai Doctors Faculty Practice". Mount Sinai Faculty Practice Associates.
  7. CARMEN MUÑOZ
    BARCELONA. "Ricky Martin y Del Toro se hacen españoles". El Periódico.
  8. "- EL MUNDO - Suplemento Crónica 431 - Benicio del Toro: "Soy como un enterrador"". elmundo.es.
  9. "Benicio Del Toro's "Let's Have Some Fun, Okay?" Page". Portland Mercury.
  10. Mike Sager (April 1, 2005). "Toro, Benicio Del". Esquire. Retrieved October 12, 2010.
  11. 'Traffic Stopper' - People - published 2001-04-16, retrieved May 14, 2010.
  12. 'Benicio del Toro: Mild at heart' - Irish Independent - published 2010-02-05, retrieved May 14, 2010.
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Stated in interview on Inside the Actors Studio
  14. Associated Press (May 25, 2008). "Benicio Del Toro gana premio a mejor actor en Cannes" (in Spanish). Primera Hora. Archived from the original on December 8, 2008. Retrieved May 25, 2008.
  15. Hernandez, Eugene; Brooks, Brian (May 25, 2008). "Laurent Cantent's The Class Wins the Palme d'Or". indieWIRE. Archived from the original on October 24, 2008. Retrieved May 25, 2008.
  16. Rolfe, Pamela (February 1, 2009). "Camino Leads Goya Awards with Six Nods". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on February 5, 2009. Retrieved February 1, 2009.
  17. "Penn Surprised over Toro's Absence from Nominations List". The Hindu. February 8, 2009. Archived from the original on July 4, 2009. Retrieved February 14, 2009.
  18. Olsen, Mark (December 11, 2008). "Benicio Del Toro leads the charge for Che". Los Angeles Times.
  19. "Benicio Del Toro Talks The Wolfman". DreadCentral.
  20. Rosario, Mariela (September 30, 2010). "Benicio Del Toro Named Face of 2011 Campari Calendar". Latina. Retrieved April 13, 2011.
  21. Badiali, Alessandro (October 22, 2010). "Guests in frenzy for the Puerto Rican actor, star of the Campari Calendar 2011". Vogue. Retrieved April 13, 2011.
  22. Fleming, Jr., Mike (June 3, 2013). "Benicio Del Toro Takes Lead Role In Marvel's 'Guardians Of The Galaxy'". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on June 3, 2013. Retrieved June 3, 2013.
  23. Galloway, Stephen; Belloni, Matthew (January 18, 2016). "Watch THR's Full, Uncensored Actor Roundtable With Will Smith, Mark Ruffalo and More - Actor Oscar Roundtable". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved January 25, 2016.
  24. Galloway, Stephen; Belloni, Matthew. "Will Smith, Mark Ruffalo and Four More A-List Actors on Hollywood Racism, Aging and … Peeing in Sinks?". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved January 25, 2016.
  25. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZSpdcbhjXJU, reviewed Aug. 16, 2016.
  26. "Star Wars Episode 8's Villain to Be Played by Benicio Del Toro". GameSpot.
  27. 1 2 "Kimberly Stewart Gives Birth to Baby Girl!". Us Weekly. August 21, 2011. Retrieved August 21, 2011.
  28. Finlayson, Ariana (December 4, 2011). "First Pic: Meet Kimberly Stewart's Daughter, Delilah, 3 Months". Us Weekly. Retrieved December 21, 2011.
  29. "Benicio Del Toro Baptises Daughter in Puerto Rico - Latin Gossip". www.latingossip.com.
  30. Puente, Maria (November 4, 2011). "Oscar winner Benicio del Toro, singer Ricky Martin become Spanish citizens". USA Today. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
  31. "Benicio del Toro recibe homenaje en la Interamericana de San Germán". March 4, 2012. Retrieved January 12, 2015.
  32. 1 2 Vargas, Patricia (June 10, 2003). "Protege Benicio la vida marina" (in Spanish). Adendi.com. Archived from the original on June 10, 2003. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
  33. "Film Nominations Are Independent-minded". Chicago Tribune. January 12, 1996. Retrieved August 16, 2012.
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