2013
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2013 (MMXIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 2013th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 13th year of the 3rd millennium, the 13th year of the 21st century, and the 4th year of the 2010s decade.
2013 was designated as:
- International Year of Water Cooperation[1]
- International Year of Quinoa[1]
Events
January
- January 10 – More than 100 people are killed and 270 injured in several bomb blasts in Pakistan.
- January 11 – The French military begins a five-month intervention into the Northern Mali conflict, targeting the militant Islamist Ansar Dine group.[2][3]
- January 16–20 – Thirty-nine international workers and one security guard die in a hostage crisis at a natural gas facility near In Aménas, Algeria.[4][5][6][7]
February
- February 12 – North Korea conducts its third underground nuclear test, prompting widespread condemnation and tightened economic sanctions from the international community.[8][9]
- February 15 – A meteor explodes over the Russian city of Chelyabinsk, injuring 1,489-1,492 people and damaging over 4,300 buildings. It is the most powerful meteor to strike Earth's atmosphere in over a century.[10] The incident, along with a coincidental flyby of a larger asteroid, prompts international concern regarding the vulnerability of the planet to meteor strikes.[11][12]
- February 21 – American scientists use a 3D printer to create a living lab-grown ear from collagen and animal ear cell cultures. In the future, it is hoped that similar ears could be grown to order as transplants for human patients suffering from ear trauma or amputation.[13]
- February 28 – Benedict XVI resigns as pope, becoming the first to do so since Gregory XII in 1415, and the first to do so voluntarily since Celestine V in 1294.[14]
March
- March 13 – Cardinal Jorge Mario Bergoglio of Argentina is elected the 266th pope, whereupon he takes the name Francis[15][16][17] and becomes the first Jesuit pope, the first pope from the Americas, and the first pope from the Southern Hemisphere.[18]
- March 24 – Central African Republic President François Bozizé flees to the Democratic Republic of the Congo, after rebel forces capture the nation's capital, Bangui.[19][20]
- March 25 – The European Union agrees to a €10 billion economic bailout for Cyprus. The bailout loan will be equally split between the European Financial Stabilisation Mechanism, the European Financial Stability Facility, and the International Monetary Fund. The deal precipitates a banking crisis in the island nation.[21][22]
- March 27 – Canada becomes the first country to withdraw from the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification.[23]
April
- April 2 – The United Nations General Assembly adopts the Arms Trade Treaty to regulate the international trade of conventional weapons.[24]
- April 15 – Two Chechnya-born Islamist brothers (one of whom was a United States citizen) explode two bombs at the Boston Marathon in Boston, Massachusetts, in the United States, killing 3 and injuring 264 others.[25][26]
- April 24 – The 2013 Savar building collapse, one of the worst industrial disaster in the world, kills 1,134 people in Bangladesh.[27][28]
- April 30 – Willem-Alexander is inaugurated as King of the Netherlands following the abdication of Beatrix.[29]
May
- May 15 – In a study published in the scientific journal Nature, researchers from Oregon Health & Science University in the United States describe the first production of human embryonic stem cells by cloning.[30]
- May 22 – British Army soldier Fusilier Lee Rigby of the Royal Regiment of Fusiliers is murdered in Woolwich, southeast London by Michael Adebolajo and Michael Adebowale.
- May 31 – The El Reno tornado, widest tornado ever recorded developed near El Reno, Oklahoma.
June
- June 6 – Former CIA employee Edward Snowden discloses operations engaged in by a U.S. government mass surveillance program to news publications and flees the country, later being granted temporary asylum in Russia.[31][32][33]
- June 26 – Kevin Rudd defeats Julia Gillard in an Australian Labor Party leadership ballot[34] and consequently becomes Prime Minister of Australia, three years after Gillard replaced Rudd.[35]
July
- July 1 – Croatia becomes the 28th member of the European Union.[36]
- July 3 – Amid mass protests across Egypt, President Mohamed Morsi is deposed in a military coup d'état, leading to widespread violence.[37][38]
- July 21 – Philippe is sworn in as King of the Belgians, following the abdication of Albert II.
August
- August 14 – Following the military coup in Egypt, two anti-coup camps are raided by the security forces, leaving 2,696 dead.[39] The raids were described by Human Rights Watch as "one of the world's largest killings of demonstrators in a single day in recent history".[40]
- August 21 – 1,429 are killed in the Ghouta chemical attack during the Syrian Civil War.[41]
- August 29 – The United Kingdom Parliament votes against UK military attacks on Syria.[42]
September
- September 7
- Australian federal election, 2013: The Liberal/National Coalition led by Tony Abbott defeats the Labor Government led by Prime Minister Kevin Rudd.[43] Abbott would be sworn in on September 18th.[44]
- The International Olympic Committee awards Tokyo the right to host the 2020 Summer Olympics.[45]
- September 21 – al-Shabaab Islamic militants attack the Westgate shopping mall in Nairobi, Kenya, killing at least 62 civilians and wounding over 170.[46]
October
- October 10 – Delegates from some 140 countries and territories sign the Minamata Treaty, a UNEP treaty designed to protect human health and the environment from emissions and releases of mercury and mercury compounds.[47]
- October 18 – Saudi Arabia rejects a seat on the United Nations Security Council, making it the first country to reject a seat on the Security Council. Jordan takes the seat on December 6.[48]
November
- November 5 – The unmanned Mars Orbiter Mission is launched by India from its launchpad in Sriharikota.[49]
- November 8 – Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda), one of the strongest tropical cyclones on record, hits the Philippines and Vietnam, causing devastation with at least 6,241 dead.[50]
- November 12 – Three Studies of Lucian Freud, a series of portraits of Lucian Freud by the British painter Francis Bacon, sells for US$142.4 million in a New York City auction, setting a world record for an auctioned work of art.[51][52]
- November 17 – Fifty people are killed when Tatarstan Airlines Flight 363 crashes at Kazan Airport, Russia.
- November 21 – Euromaidan pro-EU demonstrations begin in Ukraine after President Viktor Yanukovych rejects an economic association agreement between the European Union and Ukraine in favor of closer ties to Russia.[53]
- November 24 – Iran agrees to limit their nuclear development program in exchange for sanctions relief.[54][55]
December
- December 7 – Ninth Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization delegates sign the Bali Package agreement aimed at loosening global trade barriers.[56]
- December 14 – Chinese unmanned spacecraft Chang'e 3, carrying the Yutu rover, becomes the first spacecraft to "soft"-land on the Moon since 1976 and the third ever robotic rover to do so.[57]
- December 15 – Fighting between ethnic Dinka and Nuer members of the presidential guard break out in Juba, South Sudan, plunging the country into civil war.[58]
Births
Deaths
| Deaths |
|---|
| January · February · March · April · May · June · July · August · September · October · November · December |
January
- January 1 – Patti Page, American singer (b. 1927)
- January 2 – Ladislao Mazurkiewicz, Uruguayan footballer (b. 1945)
- January 3 – Sergiu Nicolaescu, Romanian film director, actor, and politician (b. 1930)
- January 7 – David R. Ellis, American film director (b. 1952)
- January 9 – James M. Buchanan, American Nobel economist (b. 1919)
- January 11
- Aaron Swartz, American programmer (b. 1986)
- Nguyễn Khánh, Vietnamese general and politician (b. 1927)
- January 15 – Nagisa Oshima, Japanese film director (b. 1932)
- January 18 – Jon Mannah, Australian rugby league player (b. 1989)
- January 19 – Stan Musial, American baseball player (b. 1920)
- January 21 – Michael Winner, British film director and producer (b. 1935)
- January 23 – Józef Glemp, Polish cardinal (b. 1929)
February
- February 1 – Ed Koch, American lawyer and politician (b. 1924)
- February 2 – Chris Kyle, United States Navy sniper (b. 1974)
- February 4 – Reg Presley, British singer, songwriter and musician (b. 1941)
- February 14 – Ronald Dworkin, American philosopher and lawyer (b. 1931)
- February 17 – Tony Sheridan, British singer, songwriter, and musician (b. 1940)
- February 18
- Chieko Honda, Japanese voice actress (b. 1963)
- Kevin Ayers, British singer, songwriter, and musician (b. 1944)
- Otfried Preußler, German children author (b. 1923)
- February 19
- Armen Alchian, American economist (b. 1914)
- Robert Coleman Richardson, American Nobel physicist (b. 1937)
- February 22 – Wolfgang Sawallisch, German conductor and pianist (b. 1923)
- February 23 – Julien Ries, Belgian cardinal (b. 1920)
- February 25 – Carmen Montejo, Cuban-Mexican actress (b. 1925)
- February 26 – Stéphane Hessel, French diplomat and writer (b. 1917)
- February 27 – Van Cliburn, American pianist (b. 1934)
- February 28 – Donald A. Glaser, American Nobel physicist (b. 1926)
March
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- March 3 – Luis Cubilla, Uruguayan footballer (b. 1940)
- March 5
- Arthur Storch, American actor (b. 1925)
- Hugo Chávez, President of Venezuela (b. 1954)
- Paul Bearer, American professional wrestling manager (b. 1954)
- March 6 – Alvin Lee, British guitarist (b. 1944)
- March 7
- Peter Banks, British guitarist (b. 1947)
- Damiano Damiani, Italian film director and screenwriter (b. 1922)
- March 10
- Larisa Avdeyeva, Russian mezzo-soprano (b. 1925)
- Princess Lilian, Duchess of Halland (b. 1915)
- March 12 – Clive Burr, British drummer (b. 1957)
- March 14 – Ieng Sary, Vietnamese-born Cambodian politician (b. 1925)
- March 16 – José Alfredo Martínez de Hoz, Argentine executive and policy maker (b. 1925)
- March 20 – Zillur Rahman, 19th President of Bangladesh (b. 1929)
- March 21
- Chinua Achebe, Nigerian writer (b. 1930)
- Pietro Mennea, Italian athlete (b. 1952)
- March 22 – Bebo Valdés, Cuban pianist, bandleader, and composer (b. 1918)
- March 23
- Boris Berezovsky, Russian businessman (b. 1946)
- Joe Weider, Canadian-born American bodybuilder and publisher (b. 1919)
- March 27 – Hjalmar Andersen, Norwegian skater (b. 1923)
- March 28 – Richard Griffiths, British actor (b. 1947)
April
- April 1 – Moses Blah, 23rd President of Liberia (b. 1947)
- April 2 – Jesús Franco, Spanish film director and screenwriter (b. 1930)
- April 3 – Ruth Prawer Jhabvala, German-born British novelist and screenwriter (b. 1927)
- April 4 – Roger Ebert, American film critic and writer (b. 1942)
- April 6 – Bigas Luna, Spanish film director (b. 1946)
- April 8
- Annette Funicello, American actress and singer (b. 1942)
- Sara Montiel, Spanish singer and actress (b. 1928)
- Margaret Thatcher, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1925)
- April 9 – Paolo Soleri, Italian-born American architect (b. 1919)
- April 10 – Robert Edwards, British Nobel physiologist (b. 1925)
- April 11
- Maria Tallchief, American prima ballerina (b. 1925)
- Jonathan Winters, American comedian and actor (b. 1925)
- Hilary Koprowski, Polish virologist and immunologist (b. 1916)
- April 13 – Chi Cheng, American musician (b. 1970)
- April 14
- Colin Davis, British conductor (b. 1927)
- Armando Villanueva, 121st Prime Minister of Peru (b. 1915)
- April 17
- Deanna Durbin, Canadian-born singer and actress (b. 1921)
- Carlos Graça, 6th Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe (b. 1931)
- April 18 – Storm Thorgerson, British graphic designer (b. 1944)
- April 19
- François Jacob, French Nobel biologist (b. 1920)
- Tamerlan Tsarnaev, Russian-American terrorist (b. 1986)
- April 22 – Richie Havens, American folk singer (b. 1941)
- April 26 – George Jones, American country music singer (b. 1931)
- April 28 – János Starker, Hungarian-born American cellist (b. 1924)
May
- May 2 – Jeff Hanneman, American guitarist (b. 1964)
- May 4 – Christian de Duve, Belgian Nobel biochemist (b. 1917)
- May 6 – Giulio Andreotti, 41st Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1919)
- May 7 – Ray Harryhausen, American filmmaker and creator of visual effects (b. 1920)
- May 13 – Kenneth Waltz, American political scientist (b. 1924)
- May 15 – Henrique Rosa, President of Guinea-Bissau (2003–2005) (b. 1946)
- May 16 – Heinrich Rohrer, Swiss Nobel physicist (b. 1933)
- May 17 – Jorge Rafael Videla, 42nd President of Argentina (b. 1925)
- May 18 – Nam Duck-woo, 12th Prime Minister of South Korea (b. 1924)
- May 20 – Ray Manzarek, American keyboardist (b. 1939)
- May 22 – Henri Dutilleux, French composer (b. 1916)
- May 23 – Georges Moustaki, French singer and songwriter (b. 1934)
- May 26 – Jack Vance, American novelist (b. 1916)
- May 31 – Jean Stapleton, American actress (b. 1923)
June
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- June 3
- Frank Lautenberg, American politician (b. 1924)
- Jiah Khan, Indian actress (b. 1988)
- June 6
- Jerome Karle, American Nobel Prize-winning chemist (b. 1918)
- Esther Williams, American swimmer and actress (b. 1921)
- June 7
- Pierre Mauroy, Prime Minister of France (b. 1928)
- Richard Ramirez, American serial killer (b. 1960)
- June 8 – Yoram Kaniuk, Israeli writer (b. 1930)
- June 9 – Iain Banks, British novelist (b. 1954)
- June 11 – Robert Fogel, American Nobel Prize-winning economic historian (b. 1926)
- June 15
- Heinz Flohe, German footballer (b. 1948)
- Kenneth G. Wilson, American Nobel Prize-winning physicist (b. 1936)
- June 16
- Josip Kuže, Croatian footballer and coach (b. 1952)
- Ottmar Walter, German footballer (b. 1924)
- June 19
- James Gandolfini, American actor (b. 1961)
- Gyula Horn, Prime Minister of Hungary (1994–98) (b. 1932)
- June 23
- Bobby Bland, American singer and songwriter (b. 1930)
- Richard Matheson, American author and screenwriter (b. 1926)
- June 24 – Emilio Colombo, 40th Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1920)
- June 26 – Marc Rich, Belgian-born American commodities trader and criminal (b. 1934)
- June 27 – Alain Mimoun, French track and field athlete (b. 1921)
- June 29
- Margherita Hack, Italian astrophysicist (b. 1922)
- Jim Kelly, American martial artist and actor (b. 1946)
July
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- July 2
- Princess Fawzia Fuad of Egypt, Queen consort of Iran (1941–48) (b. 1921)
- Douglas Engelbart, American computer scientist and inventor (b. 1925)
- July 3 – Radu Vasile, Romanian politician, 57th Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1942)
- July 12 – Amar Bose, American engineer and entrepreneur (b. 1929)
- July 13 – Cory Monteith, Canadian actor and musician (b. 1982)
- July 19
- Mel Smith, British comedian and actor (b. 1952)
- Bert Trautmann, German-born British footballer (b. 1923)
- July 20 – Helen Thomas, American journalist (b. 1920)
- July 22 – Dennis Farina, American actor (b. 1944)
- July 23
- Emile Griffith, American welterweight boxer (b. 1938)
- Djalma Santos, Brazilian footballer (b. 1929)
- July 25
- Walter De Maria, American sculptor and composer (b. 1935)
- Bernadette Lafont, French actress (b. 1938)
- July 26 – JJ Cale, American singer and songwriter (b. 1938)
- July 28 – Eileen Brennan, American actress and singer (b. 1932)
- July 29 – Christian Benítez, Ecuadorian footballer (b. 1986)
- July 30 – Antoni Ramallets, Spanish footballer (b. 1924)
August
- August 5 – George Duke, American keyboardist (b. 1946)
- August 8 – Karen Black, American actress (b. 1939)
- August 10
- László Csatáry, Hungarian war criminal (b. 1915)
- Eydie Gormé, American singer (b. 1928)
- August 12 – Prince Friso of Orange-Nassau, (b. 1968)
- August 14 – Gia Allemand, American actress (b. 1983)
- August 15 – Marich Man Singh Shrestha, 28th Prime Minister of Nepal (b. 1942)
- August 18 – Dezső Gyarmati, Hungarian water polo player (b. 1927)
- August 19
- Cedar Walton, American pianist (b. 1934)
- Lee Thompson Young, American actor (b. 1984)
- August 20
- Elmore Leonard, American novelist (b. 1925)
- Marian McPartland, British-born pianist (b. 1918)
- August 21 – C. Gordon Fullerton, American astronaut (b. 1936)
- August 24 – Julie Harris, American actress (b. 1925)
- August 25 – Gylmar dos Santos Neves, Brazilian footballer (b. 1930)
- August 30 – Seamus Heaney, Irish Nobel poet (b. 1939)
- August 31 – David Frost, British journalist and broadcaster (b. 1939)
September
- September 1 – Tommy Morrison, American boxer (b. 1969)
- September 2
- Ronald Coase, British Nobel economist (b. 1910)
- Frederik Pohl, American writer (b. 1919)
- September 5 – Rochus Misch, German bodyguard of Adolf Hitler (b. 1917)
- September 12 – Ray Dolby, American engineer and inventor (b. 1933)
- September 18
- Ken Norton, American boxer (b. 1943)
- Marcel Reich-Ranicki, German literary critic (b. 1920)
- September 19
- Hiroshi Yamauchi, Japanese businessman (b. 1927)
- Saye Zerbo, 3rd President and 4th Prime Minister of Burkina Faso (b. 1932)
- September 22 – David H. Hubel, Canadian-born American Nobel neuroscientist (b. 1926)
October
- October 1
- Tom Clancy, American writer (b. 1947)
- Giuliano Gemma, Italian actor (b. 1938)
- Peter Broadbent, English footballer (b. 1933)
- October 3 – Sergei Belov, Russian basketball player (b. 1944)
- October 4 – Võ Nguyên Giáp, Vietnamese General (b. 1911)
- October 7
- Patrice Chéreau, French opera and theatre director, filmmaker, actor and producer (b. 1944)
- Ovadia Yosef, Israeli religious leader (b. 1920)
- October 9 – Wilfried Martens, Belgian politician, 44th Prime Minister of Belgium (b. 1936)
- October 10 – Scott Carpenter, American astronaut (b. 1925)
- October 11
- María de Villota, Spanish racing driver (b. 1980)
- Erich Priebke, German SS captain and convicted war criminal (b. 1913)
- October 14 – Bruno Metsu, French football coach (b. 1954)
- October 20 – Lawrence Klein, American Nobel economist (b. 1920)
- October 23 – Anthony Caro, British sculptor (b. 1924)
- October 24 – Manolo Escobar, Spanish singer (b. 1931)
- October 25
- Bill Sharman, American basketball player and coach (b. 1926)
- Marcia Wallace, American actress and comedian (b. 1942)
- October 27 – Lou Reed, American singer, songwriter, and musician (b. 1942)
- October 28 – Tadeusz Mazowiecki, 1st Prime Minister of Poland (b. 1927)
November
- November 1 – Hakimullah Mehsud, Emir of Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (b. c. 1979)
- November 2 – Walt Bellamy, American basketball player (b. 1939)
- November 7 – Amparo Rivelles, Spanish actress (b. 1925)
- November 12 – John Tavener, British composer (b. 1944)
- November 15 – Glafcos Clerides, 4th President of Cyprus (b. 1919)
- November 17 – Doris Lessing, British Nobel writer (b. 1919)
- November 19 – Frederick Sanger, British Nobel biochemist (b. 1918)
- November 20 – Joseph Paul Franklin, American murderer (b. 1950)
- November 25
- Bill Foulkes, British footballer (b. 1932)
- Chico Hamilton, American drummer and bandleader (b. 1921)
- November 26 – Arik Einstein, Israeli singer, songwriter, and actor (b. 1939)
- November 27 – Nílton Santos, Brazilian footballer (b. 1925)
- November 28 – Mitja Ribičič, Slovene politician, 25th Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (b. 1919)
- November 30
- Paul Walker, American actor (b. 1973)
- Yury Yakovlev, Soviet and Russian film actor (b. 1928)
December
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- December 1 – Heinrich Boere, Dutch-German Nazi war criminal (b. 1921)
- December 2 – Vernon Shaw, 5th President of Dominica (b. 1930)
- December 5 – Nelson Mandela, 1st President of South Africa and Nobel laureate (b. 1918)
- December 7 – Édouard Molinaro, French film director and screenwriter (b. 1928)
- December 8 – John Cornforth, Australian–British Nobel chemist (b. 1917)
- December 9 – Eleanor Parker, American actress (b. 1922)
- December 10 – Jim Hall, American guitarist and composer (b. 1930)
- December 12 – Jang Sung-taek, North Korean politician (b. 1946)
- December 14 – Peter O'Toole, British-Irish actor (b. 1932)
- December 15
- Harold Camping, American evangelist (b. 1921)
- Joan Fontaine, Japanese-born British American actress (b. 1917)
- December 16 – Ray Price, American singer and songwriter (b. 1926)
- December 18 – Ronnie Biggs, British criminal (b. 1929)
- December 21 – Peter Geach, British philosopher (b. 1916)
- December 23
- Mikhail Kalashnikov, Russian inventor (b. 1919)
- Yusef Lateef, American jazz musician and composer (b. 1920)
- December 26 – Marta Eggerth, Hungarian-American singer and actress (b. 1912)
- December 29
- Wojciech Kilar, Polish composer (b. 1932)
- Eero Mäntyranta, Finnish Olympic cross-country skier (b. 1937)
- December 31 – James Avery, American actor (b. 1945)
Nobel Prizes
- Chemistry – Martin Karplus, Michael Levitt, and Arieh Warshel
- Economics – Eugene Fama, Lars Peter Hansen and Robert J. Shiller
- Literature – Alice Munro
- Peace – Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
- Physics – François Englert and Peter Higgs
- Physiology or Medicine – James E. Rothman, Randy W. Schekman, and Thomas C. Südhof
See also
References
- 1 2 "United Nations Observances: International Years". United Nations. Retrieved 14 April 2015.
- ↑ "France launches Mali military intervention". Al Jazeera. January 11, 2013. Retrieved January 11, 2013.
- ↑ "France army in key Mali withdrawal". BBC. May 25, 2013. Retrieved July 25, 2013.
- ↑ Chikhi, Lamine (January 17, 2013). "Thirty hostages reported killed in Algeria assault". Reuters. Retrieved January 17, 2013.
- ↑ "Foreigners held hostage by terrorists in Algeria". BBC. January 16, 2013. Retrieved January 16, 2013.
- ↑ Peterkin, Tom (January 17, 2013). "Algeria hostage crisis: Briton confirmed dead as workers held hostage by terrorists". The Scotsman. Retrieved July 11, 2013.
- ↑ Watkins, Tom; Smith-Spark, Laura; Yousuf, Basil (January 16, 2013). "Islamists take foreign hostages in attack on Algerian oil field". CNN. Retrieved January 16, 2013.
- ↑ Bilby, Ethan (February 18, 2013). "EU approves tighter sanctions on North Korea". Reuters. Retrieved July 11, 2013.
- ↑ "UN adopts tough new North Korea sanctions after nuclear test". BBC. March 7, 2013. Retrieved March 16, 2013.
- ↑ "Russia meteor eyewitness: 'Something like the sun fell'". BBC. February 15, 2013. Retrieved July 11, 2013.
- ↑ McKie, Robin (February 16, 2013). "Scientists unveil new detectors in race to save Earth from next asteroid". The Guardian. London. Retrieved July 11, 2013.
- ↑ Broad, William J. (February 16, 2013). "Vindication for Entrepreneurs Watching Sky: Yes, It Can Fall". The New York Times. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
- ↑ "Scientists create artificial ear using 3D printing and living-cell gels". Daily Telegraph. London. February 21, 2013. Retrieved February 25, 2013.
- ↑ Pullella, Philip (February 28, 2013). "Benedict's reign ends with a promise to obey next pope". Reuters. Retrieved February 28, 2013.
- ↑ "Argentina's Jorge Mario Bergoglio elected Pope Francis". BBC. March 13, 2013. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
- ↑ Pullella, Philip; Moody, Barry (March 14, 2013). "Argentina's Bergoglio elected as new Pope Francis". Reuters. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
- ↑ Hahn, Phil (March 13, 2013). "New pope chosen: Argentine Jorge Mario Bergoglio who becomes Pope Francis". CTV News. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
- ↑ Bell, Caleb (March 20, 2013). "Why the first Jesuit pope is a big deal". Presbyterian Church USA. Retrieved July 24, 2013.
- ↑ "Central African Republic: Rebels 'take palace as Bozize flees'". BBC. March 24, 2013.
- ↑ "CAR rebels 'seize' presidential palace". Al Jazeera. March 24, 2013.
- ↑ "Eurozone and IMF agree 10bn-euro Cyprus bailout deal". BBC News. BBC. March 17, 2013.
- ↑ "Eurogroup Statement on Cyprus" (PDF). Eurogroup. March 25, 2013.
- ↑ "Canada only UN member to pull out of droughts and deserts convention". CTV News. March 27, 2013. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
- ↑ Charbonneau, Louis (April 2, 2013). "U.N. overwhelmingly approves global arms trade treaty". Reuters. Retrieved April 8, 2013.
- ↑ Josh Levs and Monte Plott (April 18, 2013). "Terrorism strikes Boston Marathon as bombs kill 3, wound scores". CNN. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
- ↑ Kotz, Deborah (April 24, 2013). "Injury toll from Marathon bombs reduced to 264". Boston Globe. Retrieved May 3, 2013.
It turns out that we had double-counted some patients who were transferred from one hospital to another, so we reviewed our spreadsheets and cleaned up the duplicates
- ↑ http://www.industriall-union.org/action-on-bangladesh
- ↑ "After Rana Plaza horror, what changed for Bangladesh garment workers?".
- ↑ "Royal House of the Netherlands". royal-house.nl. Retrieved 30 November 2017.
- ↑ Cyranoski, David (May 15, 2013). "Human stem cells created by cloning". Nature. Retrieved May 15, 2013.
- ↑ Gidda, Mirren (June 23, 2013). "Edward Snowden and the NSA files – timeline". The Guardian. London. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2013-07-27.
- ↑ Walker, Martin (2013-07-22). "Snowden's best refuge". United Press International. Retrieved 2013-07-27.
- ↑ Myers, Steven; Kramer, Andrew (August 1, 2013). "Russia Grants Snowden 1-Year Asylum". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331.
- ↑ "Labor leadership live: Kevin Rudd returns, Julia Gillard loses support of partyroom". News.com.au. 26 June 2013.
- ↑ "Julia Gillard ousted as Australia prime minister". 26 June 2013.
- ↑ "Croatia joins EU amid celebrations and uncertainty about future". The Guardian. London. July 1, 2013. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved July 1, 2013.
- ↑ Wedemen, Ben; Sayah, Reza; Smith, Matt (July 3, 2013). "Coup topples Egypt's Morsy; deposed president under 'house arrest'". CNN. Retrieved July 11, 2013.
- ↑ "Egypt declares national emergency". BBC. August 14, 2013.
- ↑ "Egypt's Brotherhood to hold 'march of anger'". Al Jazeera. 2013-08-16. Retrieved 2017-02-11.
- ↑ "Egypt: Rab'a Killings Likely Crimes against Humanity". Human Rights Watch. 2014-08-12. Retrieved 2017-02-11.
- ↑ "Government Assessment of the Syrian Government's Use of Chemical Weapons on August 21, 2013". The White House. August 30, 2013. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
- ↑ Nicholas Watt; Rowena Mason; Nick Hopkins (30 August 2013). "Blow to Cameron's authority as MPs rule out British assault on Syria". theguardian.com.
- ↑ Eastley, Tony (8 September 2013). "Kevin Rudd concedes defeat" (transcript). AM. Australia: ABC Radio. Retrieved 7 February 2015.
- ↑ "2013 Federal Election".
- ↑ "Japan celebrates as Tokyo wins right to host 2020 Olympic Games ahead of Madrid and Istanbul". The Daily Telegraph. 8 September 2013. Retrieved 17 September 2017.
- ↑ "Nairobi siege: What we know". BBC News. 23 September 2013. Retrieved 24 September 2013.
- ↑ "Minamata mercury treaty signed at UN conference". The Times of India. 2013-10-10. Retrieved 2013-10-11.
- ↑ "Saudi Arabia declines UN Security Council seat". Asharq Al-Awsat. 2013-10-18. Archived from the original on 2013-10-19. Retrieved 2013-10-22.
- ↑ "Mars mission starts, Mangalyaan launched successfully". Times of India. 2013-11-05. Retrieved 2013-11-05.
- ↑ "Typhoon Haiyan: Thousands feared dead in Philippines". BBC News. 2013-11-10. Retrieved 2013-11-10.
- ↑ "Bacon painting fetches record price". BBC News. BBC. 13 November 2013. Retrieved 14 November 2013.
- ↑ Vogel, Carol (12 November 2013). "At $142.4 Million, Triptych Is the Most Expensive Artwork Ever Sold at an Auction". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 13 November 2013.
- ↑ Welt, Cory (2013-12-23). "Ukraine's Euromaidan: Now Comes the Hard Part". Center for American Progress. Retrieved 2017-02-11.
- ↑ Sciutto, Jim; Carter, Chelsea (24 November 2013). "Obama: Iran nuclear deal limits ability to create nuclear weapons". CNN.
- ↑ "Iran agrees to curb nuclear activity at Geneva talks". BBC. 24 November 2013.
- ↑ Walker, Andrew (7 December 2013). "WTO agrees global trade deal worth $1tn". BBC News. Retrieved 7 December 2013.
- ↑ Rincon, Paul (14 December 2013). "China lands Jade Rabbit robot rover on Moon". BBC. Retrieved 2017-02-11.
- ↑ Howden, Daniel (2013-12-23). "South Sudan: the state that fell apart in a week". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2017-02-11.
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