1914 in Germany

National level

• Kaiser - Wilhelm II
• Chancellor - Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg

State level

April

• April 24 – James Franck and Gustav Hertz's experiment on electron collisions showing internal quantum levels of atoms is presented to the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft.

July

• 5 July – The German Kaiser announces that he will not attend the Archduke's funeral.
• 5 July – A council is held at Potsdam, powerful leaders within Austria-Hungary and Germany meet to discuss possibilities of war with Serbia, Russia, and France.

August

• • 1 August- The German Empire declares war on the Russian Empire, following Russia's military mobilization in support of Serbia; Germany also begins mobilization.
• 3 August – World War I: Germany declares war on France
• 4 August – World War I: Germany declares war on Belgium
• 4 August – World War I: German troops invade neutral Belgium. The United Kingdom declares war on Germany after the latter fails to respect Belgian neutrality.^[1]
• 7 August — World War I: French and British forces invade and occupy the German colony of Togoland.
• 9 August — World War I: Battle of Mulhouse begins, the opening attack of by the French army against Germany.
• 9 August — World War I: The German submarine Unterseeboot 15 is sunk by the British HMS Birmingham.^[1]
• 23 August — The Republic of China cancels the German lease of Kiaochow Bay (Kiautschou).
• 23 August — World War I: A New Zealand expeditionary force occupies the German colony of German Samoa (Deutsch-Samoa), following an unopposed invasion.
• 23 August — World War I: Battle of Mons, the first major action of the war between the British Expeditionary Force and the German Army, in which the German forces are defeated.^[1]
• 28 August — World War I: The Battle of Heligoland - three German cruisers are sunk by British cruisers.

September

• 5 September–12 September — World War I: First Battle of the Marne begins:^[1] Northeast of Paris, German forces are attacked by the British Expeditionary Force and the French 6th Army. Over 2 million fight (500,000 killed/wounded) in victory for the Anglo-French forces.
• 13 September–28 September — World War I: First Battle of the Aisne involving British, French and German forces.
• 21 September — World War I: All German armed forces in German New Guinea (Deutsch-Neuguinea) surrender to the Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force.

October

• 19 October–22 November — World War I: First Battle of Ypres fought between British, French and German forces in Ypres in Belgium.
• October 23 – Manifesto of the Ninety-Three proclaimed in Germany.

November

• 1 November — World War I: Battle of Coronel fought - German forces, led by Vice-Admiral Graf Maximilian von Spee, defeat a Royal Navy squadron.
• 7 November — World War I: Following the Siege of Tsingtao, Japanese armed forces assume control of the German colonial concession at Kiaochow Bay (Kiautschou).

December

• 8 December — World War I: The Battle of the Falkland Islands, the German fleet is defeated by the British Royal Navy.^[2]
• 24 December — World War I: German and British soldiers begin an unofficial Christmas truce.

February

• 4 February - Alfred Andersch, German writer (died 1980)
• 20 February - Erich Ziegler, German politician and resistance activist (died 2004)
• 20 February - Hans Pischner, German conductor (died 2016)
• 22 February - Karl Otto Götz, German painter (died 2017)

March

• Wilhelm Wegner, highly decorated Leutnant in the Wehrmacht (died 1989)
• March 2 - Walter Haeussermann, German engineer and rocket scientist (died 2010)
• March 18 - Prince Ernest Augustus of Hanover (died 1987)

April

• April 8 - Günter Amelung, highly decorated Rittmeister of the Reserves in the Wehrmacht (died 1944)
• April 12 - Gretel Bergmann, German high jumper (died 2017)
• April 20 -Otto Weiß, German pair skater

May

• May 3 - Eugen-Ludwig Zweigart, German Luftwaffe fighter ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (died 1944)
• May 7 - Joachim Wandel, German Luftwaffe ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (died 1942)
• May 26 - Erhard Weiß, German diver (died 1957)
• May 27 - Otto Weidinger, member of the Waffen-SS (died (1990)
• December 14 - Karl Carstens, German politician, former President of Germany (died 1992)

June

• June 1 - Karl Wanka, highly decorated Major of the Reserves in the Wehrmacht during World War II (died 1980)

July

• July 1 - Orli Wald, member of the German Resistance in Nazi Germany (died 1962)
• July 1 - Christl Cranz, German alpine racer (died 2004)
• July 9 - Willi Stoph, German politician (died 1999)

August

• August 27 - Heidi Kabel, actress (died 2010)

September

• September 15 - Will Quadflieg, actor (died 2003)
• September 22 - Siegfried Lowitz, actor (died 1999)

November

• November 6 - Alfred Zwiebel, German-American landscape, floral, and still-life paint (died 2005)
• November 13 - Paul Lücke, German politician (died 1976)
• November 15 - Erich Steidtmann, German Nazi SS officer (died 2010)

December

• December 5 - Hans Hellmut Kirst, German novelist (died 1989)
• December 5 - Edmund Wagner, German Luftwaffe ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (died 1941)
• December 13 - Fritz Zängl, German skier and soldier (died 1943)
• December 14 - Karl Carstens, German politician, former President of Germany (died 1992)
• December 21 -Theodor Weissenberger, German Luftwaffe military aviator during World War II (died 1959)
• December 24- Herbert Reinecker, German dramatist and screenwriter (died 2007)
• December 26 - Annemarie Wendl, German actress (died 2006)
• December 29 - Alfred Vohrer, German film director (died 1986)

January

• 13 January - Alfred Lichtwark, German art historian and museum curator (born 1852)

March

• 4 March - Georg von Kopp, German cardinal of Roman-Catholic Church (born 1837)
• 16 March - Adolf Zander, German composer (born 1843)
• 22 March - Otto Harnack, German historian (born 1857)
• 31 March — Christian Morgenstern, author (born 1871)

April

• 2 April - Paul Heyse German writer and translator (born 1830)
• 11 April - Carl Chun, German biologist (born 1852)

May

• 29 May - Paul Mauser, German weapon designer and manufacturer/industrialist (born 1838)

June

• 5 June - Ludimar Hermann, physiologist and speech scientist (born 1838)
• 11 June - Adolphus Frederick V, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg, nobleman (born 1848)
• 16 June - Ferdinand Adolf Kehrer, German gynecologist w (born 1837)
• 25 June - Georg II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen, nobleman (born 1826)

August

• 19 August - Franz Xavier Wernz
• 24 August - Johannes Weiss

September

• 25 September - Alfred Lichtenstein (writer), German writer (born 1889)
• 26 September - August Macke, German painter (born 1887)
• 26 September - Hermann Löns, German poet (born 1866)

October

• 4 September - Theodor Weber, German physician (born 1829)
• 27 September - Robert von Pöhlmann, German ancient historian (born 1852)

November

• 5 November - August Weismann, German biologist (born 1834)
• 14 November - Leonhard Tietz, German merchant (born 1849)

December

• 13 December - Walther Bronsart von Schellendorff, German general (born 1833)
• 17 December - Otto Sackur, 34, (German physical chemist) (born 1880)

Date Unknown

Gustav Weymer, 81, (German entomologist)