違う
Japanese
Alternative forms
- 異う
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) ちがう [chìgáú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
- (Tokyo) ちがう [chìgáꜜù] (Nakadaka – [2])
- IPA(key): [t͡ɕiɡa̠ɯ̟ᵝ]
Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "違う" | |||
---|---|---|---|
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
Stem forms | |||
Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
違う | ちがう | [chìgáú] |
Imperative (命令形) | 違え | ちがえ | [chìgáé] |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 違われる | ちがわれる | [chìgáwárérú] |
Causative | 違わせる | ちがわせる | [chìgáwásérú] |
Potential | - | - | - |
Volitional | 違おう | ちがおー | [chìgáóꜜò] |
Negative | 違わない | ちがわない | [chìgáwánáí] |
Negative perfective | 違わなかった | ちがわなかった | [chìgáwánáꜜkàttà] |
Formal | 違います | ちがいます | [chìgáímáꜜsù] |
Perfective | 違った | ちがった | [chìgáttá] |
Conjunctive | 違って | ちがって | [chìgátté] |
Hypothetical conditional | 違えば | ちがえば | [chìgáéꜜbà] |
Verb
違う (intransitive, godan conjugation, hiragana ちがう, rōmaji chigau, historical hiragana ちがふ)
Japanese verb pair | |
---|---|
active | 違える |
mediopassive | 違う |
Usage notes
This is used to disagree with someone in conversation like "no", but it is softer than saying "no" in English.
Conjugation
Conjugation of "違う" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 違わ | ちがわ | chigawa |
Continuative (連用形) | 違い | ちがい | chigai |
Terminal (終止形) | 違う | ちがう | chigau |
Attributive (連体形) | 違う | ちがう | chigau |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 違え | ちがえ | chigae |
Imperative (命令形) | 違え | ちがえ | chigae |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 違われる | ちがわれる | chigawareru |
Causative | 違わせる 違わす |
ちがわせる ちがわす |
chigawaseru chigawasu |
Potential | 違える | ちがえる | chigaeru |
Volitional | 違おう | ちがおう | chigaō |
Negative | 違わない | ちがわない | chigawanai |
Negative continuative | 違わず | ちがわず | chigawazu |
Formal | 違います | ちがいます | chigaimasu |
Perfective | 違った | ちがった | chigatta |
Conjunctive | 違って | ちがって | chigatte |
Hypothetical conditional | 違えば | ちがえば | chigaeba |
Classical conjugation of "違ふ" (ハ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 違は | ちがは | tigafa |
Continuative (連用形) | 違ひ | ちがひ | tigafi |
Terminal (終止形) | 違ふ | ちがふ | tigafu |
Attributive (連体形) | 違ふ | ちがふ | tigafu |
Realis (已然形) | 違へ | ちがへ | tigafe |
Imperative (命令形) | 違へ | ちがへ | tigafe |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | 違はず | ちがはず | tigafazu |
Contrasting conjunction | 違へど | ちがへど | tigafedo |
Causal conjunction | 違へば | ちがへば | tigafeba |
Conditional conjunction | 違はば | ちがはば | tigafaba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 違ひき | ちがひき | tigafiki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 違ひけり | ちがひけり | tigafikeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | 違ひつ | ちがひつ | tigafitu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | 違ひぬ | ちがひぬ | tigafinu |
Perfect-continuative tense | 違へり 違ひたり | ちがへり ちがひたり | tigaferi tigafitari |
Verb
違う (intransitive, godan conjugation, hiragana たがう, rōmaji tagau, historical hiragana たがふ)
Japanese verb pair | |
---|---|
active | 違える |
mediopassive | 違う |
- (dated) be contrary to; go against; defy; disobey; violate (a rule)
- 期待に違う
- kitai ni tagau
- be contrary to an anticipation
- 定説に違う
- teisetsu ni tagau
- defy a common theory
- 規則に違う
- kisoku ni tagau
- violate a rule
- 期待に違う
Conjugation
Conjugation of "違う" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 違わ | たがわ | tagawa |
Continuative (連用形) | 違い | たがい | tagai |
Terminal (終止形) | 違う | たがう | tagau |
Attributive (連体形) | 違う | たがう | tagau |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 違え | たがえ | tagae |
Imperative (命令形) | 違え | たがえ | tagae |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 違われる | たがわれる | tagawareru |
Causative | 違わせる 違わす |
たがわせる たがわす |
tagawaseru tagawasu |
Potential | 違える | たがえる | tagaeru |
Volitional | 違おう | たがおう | tagaō |
Negative | 違わない | たがわない | tagawanai |
Negative continuative | 違わず | たがわず | tagawazu |
Formal | 違います | たがいます | tagaimasu |
Perfective | 違った | たがった | tagatta |
Conjunctive | 違って | たがって | tagatte |
Hypothetical conditional | 違えば | たがえば | tagaeba |
Classical conjugation of "違ふ" (ハ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | 違は | たがは | tagafa |
Continuative (連用形) | 違ひ | たがひ | tagafi |
Terminal (終止形) | 違ふ | たがふ | tagafu |
Attributive (連体形) | 違ふ | たがふ | tagafu |
Realis (已然形) | 違へ | たがへ | tagafe |
Imperative (命令形) | 違へ | たがへ | tagafe |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | 違はず | たがはず | tagafazu |
Contrasting conjunction | 違へど | たがへど | tagafedo |
Causal conjunction | 違へば | たがへば | tagafeba |
Conditional conjunction | 違はば | たがはば | tagafaba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 違ひき | たがひき | tagafiki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 違ひけり | たがひけり | tagafikeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | 違ひつ | たがひつ | tagafitu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | 違ひぬ | たがひぬ | tagafinu |
Perfect-continuative tense | 違へり 違ひたり | たがへり たがひたり | tagaferi tagafitari |
References
- Hirayama, Tetsuo (1960) 全国アクセント辞典 (Nationwide Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: 東京堂,.
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