親愛

See also: 亲爱

Chinese

		dear; intimate; parent dear; intimate; parent; relation; closely related; parents-in-law of one's offspring	to love; affection; to be fond of to love; affection; to be fond of; to like
trad. (親愛)		親	愛
simp. (亲爱)		亲	爱

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): qīn'ài

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄣㄞˋ

(Dungan, Cyrillic): щинэ (xine, II-III)
Cantonese (Jyutping): can¹ oi³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhîn-oi
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chhin-ài

(Teochew, Peng'im): cing¹ ain³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: qīn'ài
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣㄞˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chinay
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cin'ài
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰin˥ ˀaɪ̯˥˩/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic: щинэ (xine, II-III)
  - IPA ^(key): /ɕĩ˥˩ ɛː˦/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: can¹ oi³
  - Yale: chān oi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsan¹ oi³
  - Guangdong Romanization: cen¹ oi³
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɐn˥ ɔːy̯˧/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhîn-oi
  - Hakka Romanization System: qin´ oi
  - Hagfa Pinyim: qin¹ oi⁴
  - IPA: /t͡ɕʰin˨˦꜖ oi̯˥/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhin-ài
  - Tâi-lô: tshin-ài
  - Phofsit Daibuun: chin'aix
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕʰin˦˦꜕꜕ aɪ˨˩/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕʰin˧˧ aɪ˦˩/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕʰin˦˦꜕꜕ aɪ˨˩/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕʰin˦˦꜔꜔ aɪ˩˩/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕʰin˦˦꜔꜔ aɪ˨˩/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: cing¹ ain³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshing àiⁿ
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiŋ³³⁻²³ ãĩ²¹³/

Adjective

親愛

beloved; cherished; dear
親愛的小孩 / 亲爱的小孩 ― qīn'ài de xiǎohái ― beloved child

永別了，我親愛的朋友們！ [MSC, trad.]
永别了，我亲爱的朋友们！ [MSC, simp.]
Yǒngbié le, wǒ qīn'ài de péngyǒumen! [Pinyin]
Goodbye, my dear friends!
dear (as used to address someone at the beginning of a letter)
親愛的史密斯先生 [MSC, trad.]
亲爱的史密斯先生 [MSC, simp.]
qīn'ài de Shǐmìsī xiānshēng [Pinyin]
Dear Mr. Smith

Synonyms

(beloved): 敬愛／敬爱 (jìng'ài), 心愛／心爱 (xīn'ài)

Derived terms

親愛的／亲爱的 (qīn'ài de)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
親	愛
しん Grade: 2	あい Grade: 4
on’yomi

Pronunciation

On’yomi
- (Tokyo) しんあい [shìń'áí] (Heiban – [0])[1]
- IPA^(key): [ɕĩɰ̃a̠i]

Noun

親愛 (hiragana しんあい, rōmaji shin'ai)

deep affection

Usage notes

May be used in the form 親愛なる to mean dear….
親愛 (しんあい)なる旧友 (きゅうゆう)
shin'ai naru kyūyū
dear old friend

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
親	愛

Noun

親愛 • (chinae) (hangeul 친애)

Hanja form^? of 친애 (“deep affection”).

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