稔

稔 U+7A14, 稔
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7A14
← 稓
[U+7A13] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 稕 →
[U+7A15]

Translingual

Han character

稔 (radical 115, 禾+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 竹木人戈心 (HDOIP), four-corner 28932, composition ⿰禾念)

References
  • KangXi: page 854, character 34
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25107
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1280, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2614, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+7A14

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 稔

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (念) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
淰 *rnɯːmʔ, *nɯːmʔ, *hnjɯmʔ
唸 *tɯːms, *tɯːns
埝 *tɯːms, *nɯːb
趝 *klɯːms, *n̥ʰɯːms
諗 *hnjɯmʔ
稔 *njɯːm
棯 *njɯmʔ
腍 *njɯmʔ
捻 *nɯːb
錜 *nɯːb
敜 *nɯːb
惗 *nɯːb, *sens
菍 *nɯːb, *nɯːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *njɯːm) : semantic 禾 (“grain”) + phonetic 念 (OC *nɯːms).

Etymology
“year”
Mon-Khmer (Benedict, 1990; Schuessler, 2007): compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *cn₁am ~ *cn₁aam (“year”), whence Khmer ឆ្នាំ (chnam), Mon သၞာံ (hnam), Vietnamese năm.

Pronunciation
Rime
Character 稔
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 日 (38)
Final (韻) 侵 (139)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 如甚切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ȵiɪmX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ȵimX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ȵʑjemX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ȵimX/
Li
Rong		 /ȵiəmX/
Wang
Li		 /ȵʑĭĕmX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ȵʑi̯əmX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 rěn
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 稔
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 rěn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ nyimX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*nimʔ/
English harvest, year

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 稔
Reading # 1/1
No. 9496
Phonetic
component		 念
Rime
group		 侵
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 荏
Old
Chinese		 /*njɯːm/

Definitions

稔

  1. year
  2. (of crops, grains) to ripen; ripe; mature; fully-grown
  3. Classifier for number of crops grown in a year: crop; harvest
  4. to accumulate in the course of time; to collect; to pile up
  5. to be familiar with; to know
  6. usually; normally
  7. beautiful
  8. Alternative form of 飪／饪 (rèn, “to steam (till cooked)”).

Compounds
  • 一稔
  • 中稔
  • 五穀豐稔／五谷丰稔
  • 來稔／来稔
  • 再稔
  • 多歷年稔／多历年稔
  • 大稔
  • 失稔
  • 小稔
  • 年稔
  • 年豐時稔／年丰时稔
  • 年豐歲稔／年丰岁稔
  • 恣凶稔惡／恣凶稔恶
  • 惡盈罪稔／恶盈罪稔
  • 惡稔／恶稔
  • 惡稔禍盈／恶稔祸盈
  • 惡稔罪盈／恶稔罪盈
  • 惡稔貫盈／恶稔贯盈
  • 時和歲稔／时和岁稔
  • 期稔
  • 歲稔／岁稔
  • 歲稔年豐／岁稔年丰
  • 歲豐年稔／岁丰年稔
  • 歷稔／历稔
  • 民和年稔
  • 熟稔 (shúrěn)
  • 登稔
  • 禍盈惡稔／祸盈恶稔
  • 禍稔惡盈／祸稔恶盈
  • 禍稔惡積／祸稔恶积
  • 禍稔蕭牆／祸稔萧墙
  • 秋稔
  • 稔亂／稔乱
  • 稔姦／稔奸
  • 稔寇
  • 稔山
  • 稔年
  • 稔悉
  • 稔惡／稔恶
  • 稔惡不悛／稔恶不悛
  • 稔惡盈貫／稔恶盈贯
  • 稔惡藏奸／稔恶藏奸
  • 稔慝
  • 稔成
  • 稔戾
  • 稔收
  • 稔歲／稔岁
  • 稔泰
  • 稔熟
  • 稔知
  • 稔禍／稔祸
  • 稔禍胎／稔祸胎
  • 稔稔膩膩／稔稔腻腻
  • 稔究
  • 稔聞／稔闻
  • 稔育
  • 稔膩／稔腻
  • 稔色
  • 稔謀／稔谋
  • 稔轉／稔转
  • 稔釁／稔衅
  • 積稔／积稔
  • 窮稔／穷稔
  • 累稔
  • 習稔／习稔
  • 豐年稔歲／丰年稔岁
  • 豐稔／丰稔
  • 貫盈惡稔／贯盈恶稔
  • 連稔／连稔
  • 釁稔惡盈／衅稔恶盈

Japanese

Kanji
稔

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Proper noun

稔 (hiragana みのる, rōmaji Minoru)

  1. A male given name

Korean

Hanja

稔 • (im, yeom) (hangeul 임, 염, revised im, yeom, McCune–Reischauer im, yŏm, Yale im, yem)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

稔 (nhẫm, nậm, nẫm)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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