父母

Chinese

		father	female; mother
simp. and trad. (父母)		父	母

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): fùmǔ

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˋ ㄇㄨˇ

(Dungan, Cyrillic): фуму (fumu, III-I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): fu⁶ mou⁵

(Taishan, Wiktionary): fu⁵ mu⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fu-mû
Min Nan (POJ): hū-bú / hǔ-bió / hū-bó / hū-bió / hū-bó͘
Wu (Wiktionary): vu mu (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: fùmǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ ㄇㄨˇ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuhmuu
  - IPA ^(key): /fu⁵¹ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic: фуму (fumu, III-I)
  - IPA ^(key): /fʊ⁴⁴ mʊ²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: fu⁶ mou⁵
  - Yale: fuh móuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fu⁶ mou⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: fu⁶ mou⁵
  - IPA ^(key): /fuː²² mou̯¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: fu⁵ mu⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /fu³² ᵐbu²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fu-mû
  - Hakka Romanization System: fu mu´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fu⁴ mu¹
  - IPA: /fu⁵⁵ mu²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hū-bú
  - Tâi-lô: hū-bú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: huxbuo
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hu²²⁻²¹ bu⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hǔ-bió
  - Tâi-lô: hǔ-bió
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hu²² bio⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hū-bó
  - Tâi-lô: hū-bó
  - Phofsit Daibuun: huxboir
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hu²²⁻²¹ bo⁵³/
- (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hū-bió
  - Tâi-lô: hū-bió
  - Phofsit Daibuun: huxbioir
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hu³³⁻²¹ biɤ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hu³³⁻¹¹ bio⁵³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hū-bó͘
  - Tâi-lô: hū-bóo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: huxbor
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hu³³⁻²¹ bɔ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hu³³⁻¹¹ bɔ⁵³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: vu mu (T3)
  - IPA ^(key): /v̻v̩ʷ²² mv̩ʷ⁴⁴/

Noun

父母

parents; mother and father; mum and dad
生身父母 ― shēngshēn fùmǔ ― biological parents

我父母三年前分居了。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
Wǒ fùmǔ sān nián qián fēnjū le. [Pinyin]
My parents separated two years ago.

為什麼我的父母從來不為我考慮？ [MSC, trad.]
为什么我的父母从来不为我考虑？ [MSC, simp.]
Wèishénme wǒ de fùmǔ cónglái bù wèi wǒ kǎolǜ? [Pinyin]
Why don't mum and dad ever take me into consideration?

子女忤逆不孝實在令父母寒心。 [MSC, trad.]
子女忤逆不孝实在令父母寒心。 [MSC, simp.]
Zǐnǚ wǔnì bùxiào shízài lìng fùmǔ hánxīn. [Pinyin]
Wayward children who are unfilial are a disappointment to their parents.
Short for 父母官 (fùmǔguān).

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 父母 (“father and mother; parents”) [map]
Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		父母, 爺娘, 怙恃, 雙親
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		父母, 雙親
Mandarin	Beijing	爹媽
	Taiwan	爸媽
	Jinan	老的兒, 爹媽
	Muping	老兒的
	Xi'an	媽爸
	Yinchuan	娘老子
	Lanzhou	娘老子, 老漢們
	Ürümqi	娘老子
	Wuhan	娘老子, 兩老
	Chengdu	娘老子, 媽老漢兒
	Liuzhou	娘老子
	Yangzhou	娘老子
	Nanjing	娘老子
	Nantong	爺娘
Cantonese	Guangzhou	老豆老母
	Hong Kong	老豆老母, 爹哋媽咪
	Yangjiang	老子阿奶
Gan	Nanchang	爺娘
Gan	Pingxiang	娘爺
Hakka	Meixian	爺哀
	Xingning	爺哀
	Huidong	阿爸阿姆
	Qujiang	爺哀
	Xiaosanjiang	阿爸阿姆
	Changting	爹哀, 爺哀
	Pingyu	爺哀
	Wuping	爺哀
	Ruijin	哀爹, 爺娘, 爺哀
	Shicheng	爹哀
	Shangyou	爺姐
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	爺哀, 爺娘
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	爺哀, 爺娘
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	爺哀, 爺娘
	Dongshi (Dabu)	爺哀, 爺娘
	Hsinchu (Raoping)	爺哀, 爺娘
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	爺哀, 爺母
Huizhou	Jixi	娘老子, 老子娘, 老子爺娘
Jin	Taiyuan	爹娘
Jin	Xinzhou	老子娘
Min Bei	Jian'ou	爹奶
Min Dong	Fuzhou	爸奶
Min Dong	Matsu	爸奶
Min Nan	Xiamen	爸母
	Quanzhou	爸母
	Zhangzhou	爸母
	Taipei	爸母
	Kaohsiung	爸母
	Tainan	爸母
	Taichung	爸母
	Hsinchu	爸母
	Lukang	爸母
	Sanxia	爸母
	Yilan	爸母
	Kinmen	爸母
	Magong	爸母
	Penang	爸母
	Philippines (Manila)	爸母
	Chaozhou	爸嬡
Wu	Shanghai	爺娘
	Suzhou	爺娘
	Hangzhou	娘老子
	Wenzhou	奶阿伯, 阿伯奶
	Danyang	娘啊老子, 爺娘 rare
	Ningbo	爹娘
Xiang	Changsha	爺娘
Xiang	Shuangfeng	爺娘

Derived terms

在家靠父母，出外靠朋友 (zàijiā kào fùmǔ, chūwài kào péngyou)
天下父母心 (tiānxià fùmǔ xīn)
父母官 (fùmǔguān)

生身父母 (shēngshēn fùmǔ)
養父母／养父母 (yǎngfùmǔ)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
父	母
ふ Grade: 2	ぼ Grade: 2
on’yomi

Pronunciation

On’yomi
- (Tokyo) ふぼ [fúꜜbò] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
- IPA^(key): [ɸɯ̟ᵝbo̞]

Noun

父母 (hiragana ふぼ, rōmaji fubo): lit. "father-mother"

parents; father and mother

Synonyms

親 (おや) (oya) (lit. "relatives, parents, close relations")
両 (りょう)親 (しん) (ryōshin), 両親 (ふたおや) (futaoya) (both parents)

References

1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
父	母

Noun

父母 • (bumo) (hangeul 부모)

Hanja form^? of 부모 (“parent, parents”).

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this word
父	母

Noun

父母

Hán tự form of phụ mẫu (“parents”).

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[NHK-1] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN