洲

洲	U+6D32, 洲 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6D32

← 洱
[U+6D31]

CJK Unified Ideographs

洳 →
[U+6D33]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

洲 (radical 85, 水+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 水戈中中 (EILL), four-corner 3210₀, composition ⿰氵州)

References

KangXi: page 622, character 9

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17413

Dae Jaweon: page 1018, character 7

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1616, character 6

Unihan data for U+6D32

Chinese

simp. and trad.		洲

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (州) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
洲	*tju
州	*tju
喌	tju, tjuɡ
酬	*dju
詶	dju, djus

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tju) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 州 (OC *tju).

Etymology

Unknown.

According to the Erya and the Shiming, the following characters show some notable semantic relations (Schuessler, 2007)

渚 (OC *tjaʔ, “islet”) is smaller than 洲 (OC *tju)

沚 (OC *kjɯʔ, “islet”) is smaller than 渚 (OC *tjaʔ)

坻 (OC *tiːlʔ, *tjelʔ, *dil, “islet”) is smaller than 沚 (OC *kjɯʔ)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhōu (zhou¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄡ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zau¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chû
Min Bei (KCR): ciú
Min Dong (BUC): ciŭ
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chiu

(Teochew, Peng'im): ziu¹
Wu (Wiktionary): tseu (T1)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: zhōu
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄡ
  - Wade–Giles: chou¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jou
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zau¹
  - Yale: jāu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzau¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: zeo¹
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chû
  - Hakka Romanization System: zu´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zu¹
  - IPA: /t͡su²⁴/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ciú
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡siu⁵⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ciŭ
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sieu⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiu
  - Tâi-lô: tsiu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciw
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕiu⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕiu³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕiu⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕiu⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕiu⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ziu¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiu
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡siu³³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: tseu (T1)
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sɜ⁵³/

Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕɨu/▼

Rime
Character	洲
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	職流切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨu/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiu/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕiəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cuw/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiu/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭəu/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhōu

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tu/

(Zhengzhang): /*tju/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	洲
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhōu
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyuw ›
Old Chinese	/*tu/
English	islet
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	洲
Reading #	1/1
No.	17492
Phonetic component	州
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	周
Old Chinese	/*tju/

Definitions

洲

islet in a river
- 關關雎鳩，在河之洲。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  关关雎鸠，在河之洲。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, circa 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Guānguān jūjiū, zài hé zhī zhōu. [Pinyin]
  Guan-guan go the ospreys, On the islet in the river.
continent
A surname.

Compounds

七大洲
三洲 (Sānzhōu)
三角洲 (sānjiǎozhōu)
上洲 (Shàngzhōu)
下洲 (Xiàzhōu)
中洲 (Zhōngzhōu)
中美洲 (Zhōngměizhōu)
五大洲 (Wǔdàzhōu)
五家洲 (Wǔjiāzhōu)
五洲四海
亞洲／亚洲 (Yàzhōu)
亞洲鐵人／亚洲铁人
亞細亞洲／亚细亚洲
偽滿洲國／伪满洲国 (Wěi-Mǎnzhōuguó)
六大洲
北俱盧洲／北俱卢洲
北滿洲／北满洲
北美洲 (Běiměizhōu)
南極洲／南极洲 (Nánjízhōu)
南滿洲／南满洲
南美洲 (nánměizhōu)
南贍部洲／南赡部洲
四大洲
大洋洲 (Dàyángzhōu)

天鵝洲／天鹅洲 (Tiān'ézhōu)
婆羅洲／婆罗洲 (Póluózhōu)
島洲／岛洲
拉丁美洲 (Lādīng Měizhōu)
新洲 (Xīnzhōu)
星洲 (Xīngzhōu)
東洲／东洲 (Dōngzhōu)
歐洲／欧洲 (Ōuzhōu)
歐洲美元／欧洲美元
歐洲議會／欧洲议会
汀洲
沙洲 (shāzhōu)
洲場／洲场
洲渚
洲際／洲际 (zhōujì)
洲際飛彈／洲际飞弹
湄洲
滄洲／沧洲
滿洲／满洲 (Mǎnzhōu)
滿洲國／满洲国 (Mǎnzhōuguó)
澳洲 (Àozhōu)
澳洲鱷魚／澳洲鳄鱼
瀛洲 (Yíngzhōu)
瀛洲玉雨

瓜洲
白沙洲 (Báishāzhōu)
白蘋洲／白苹洲
白鷺洲／白鹭洲
百花洲
百里洲 (Bǎilǐzhōu)
綠洲／绿洲 (lǜzhōu)
美洲 (Měizhōu)
美洲組織／美洲组织
美洲虎
美洲豹 (měizhōubào)
老洲 (Lǎozhōu)
芳洲
蘆洲／芦洲 (Lúzhōu)
蘆洲蟹舍／芦洲蟹舍
赤道非洲
非洲 (Fēizhōu)
非洲綠猴／非洲绿猴
非洲菊
非洲菫
非洲象 (Fēizhōu xiàng)
非洲鼓
鸚鵡洲／鹦鹉洲

Japanese

Kanji

洲

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

continent

Readings

Go-on: す (su)
Kan-on: しゅう (shū)
Kun: しま (shima, 洲)

Compounds

三角洲
中洲
五大洲
八洲
八洲国
坐洲, 座洲
大八洲
大八洲国
川洲
欧洲
満洲
濠洲 (ごうしゅう, Gōshū)
白洲
砂洲

Korean

Hanja

洲 • (ju) (hangeul 주, McCune–Reischauer chu, Yale cwu)

continent

Vietnamese

Han character

洲 (chao, châu)

continent

References

Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville

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