See also:
U+6A58, 橘
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6A58

[U+6A57]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+6A59]

Translingual

Han character

(radical 75, +12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 木弓竹月 (DNHB), four-corner 47927, composition)

References

  • KangXi: page 553, character 27
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15551
  • Dae Jaweon: page 942, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1297, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+6A58

Chinese

simp. and trad.
variant forms

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*qʰʷilʔ, *qʰʷids, *qʰʷiːd
*ɡʷeŋ
*kʷriːd, *kʷreːd
*kʷriːd, *ɢʷjid, *ɢʷid
*kʷiːd
*kʷiːd, *ɢʷjid, *ɢʷid
*kʷiːd
*kʷiːd
*ɢʷjid, *ɢʷid
*ɢʷjid, *ɢʷid
*kʷid
*kʷid, *ɢʷid
*qʰʷid
*ɢʷid
*ɢʷid
*ɢʷid
*ɢʷid
*ɢʷid

Etymology

Unknown. Schuessler (2007) connected (OC kwit) to Khmer [script needed] (kwic, tangerine) and also deemed as "less likely" connections to ក្រូច (krouc, citrus) and Proto-Hre-Sedang *kruč (Bodman, 1980). However, Alves (2018) considered the Old Chinese word's Austroasiatic origin likely, and compared it to Proto-Mon-Khmer *kruuc ~ kruəc.

Pronunciation


Note: kiat/kit - vernacular (俗), 桔 is used in Taiwan.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕy³⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕy⁴⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕy⁴⁵/
Jinan /t͡ɕy²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕy²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕy²¹/
Xining /t͡ɕy⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕy¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕy¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕy²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕy²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡ɕy³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕiu²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕi³¹/
Nanjing /t͡ɕyʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡ɕyəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕyəʔ²/
Pingyao /t͡ɕyʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕyəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕioʔ⁵/
/t͡ɕyɪʔ⁵/
Suzhou /t͡ɕyəʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡sz̩ʷəʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡ɕai²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕyʔ²¹/
Tunxi /t͡ɕyn²⁴/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕy²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕy²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕyʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /kit̚¹/
Taoyuan /kit̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kwɐt̚⁵/
Nanning /kɐt̚⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /kwɐt̚⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kut̚³²/
/kiat̚³²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kɛiʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /xi²⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /kik̚²/
Haikou (Min Nan) /kit̚⁵/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (28)
Final () (52)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kiuɪt̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʷit̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/kjuet̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kwit̚/
Li
Rong
/kiuĕt̚/
Wang
Li
/kĭuĕt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ki̯uĕt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
ju
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ kjwit ›
Old
Chinese
/*[s.k]ʷi[t]/
English orange (tangerine?)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 16015
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʷid/

Definitions

  1. tangerine

Usage notes

See .

Compounds

  • 千頭橘奴千头橘奴
  • 南橘北枳
  • 懷橘怀橘
  • 柑橘 (gānjú)
  • 橘井
  • 橘化為枳橘化为枳
  • 橘奴

Descendants

Sino-Xenic ():

Japanese

Kanji

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
たちばな
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese.

Named after 田道間守 (Tajimamori), a legendary figure mentioned in the Kojiki and the Nihon Shoki; purportedly bringing back certain fruits, but not directly as tachibana by name.

Shortened to tachi for some compounds.

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana たちばな, katakana タチバナ, rōmaji tachibana)

  1. Citrus tachibana, a species of wild, green, inedible citrus fruit native to Japan
    Synonym: 大和橘 (Yamato tachibana)
    Hypernym: 蜜柑 (mikan)
  2. Synonym of 唐橘 (kara-tachibana): the trifoliate orange, Citrus trifoliata, syn. Poncirus trifoliata
  3. Synonym of 花橘 (hanatachibana): tachibana flowers; Ardesia crenata; Ardesia japonica; a kind of 襲の色目 (kasane no irome, color combination by layering of garments)
  4. (archaic) generic name for citrus fruits that can be eaten raw
  5. a 家紋 (kamon, family crest) with designs of tachibana flowers, fruits, and leaves
Usage notes
Derived terms
Idioms
  •  (こう) (なん) (たちばな) (こう) (ほく) (からたち)となる (Kōnan no tachibana Kōhoku no karatachi to naru)

Proper noun

(hiragana たちばな, rōmaji Tachibana)

  1. Short for 橘氏 (Tachibana-uji): an ancient clan who often held high-ranking positions in the medieval Japanese court, descended from Agata no Inukai no Michiyo and later Tachibana no Moroe
  2. (historical) a Sakura-class destroyer of the Imperial Japanese Navy (see Japanese destroyer Tachibana (1912) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia )
    Hypernym: (Sakura)
  3. (historical) a destroyer subclass of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II, modified from the Matsu-class destroyers
  4. (historical) the lead ship of the Tachibana-subclass destroyers (see Japanese destroyer Tachibana (1944) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia )
  5. a placename, especially in Takaichi District, Nara Prefecture where the titular 菩提寺 (bodaiji) is located
  6. a surname
Derived terms
  •  (たちばな) (しん) (とう) (Tachibana Shintō)
  •  (たちばな) (でら) (Tachibana-dera)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
きつ
Jinmeiyō
kan’on

From Middle Chinese (MC kiuɪt̚).

Affix

(hiragana きつ, rōmaji kitsu)

  1. Citrus tachibana
  2. the Tachibana clan
Derived terms
  •  (きっ) () (しん) (とう) (Kikke Shintō)
  • 源平藤橘 (げんぺいとうきつ) (Genpeitōkitsu, the four major clans in the Nara period: Minamoto, Taira, Fujiwara and Tachibana)

Proper noun

(hiragana きつ, rōmaji Kitsu)

  1. a female given name
  2. a surname.

References

  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

(gyul) (hangeul , revised gyul, McCuneReischauer kyul, Yale kyul)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Old Japanese

Etymology

Named after 田道間守 (Tadimamo1ri), a legendary figure mentioned in the Kojiki and the Nihon Shoki.

Noun

(tatibana) (kana たちばな)

  1. any raw edible citrus fruit
  2. Citrus tachibana, a species of green citrus fruit

Derived terms

  • 橘を (tatibana wo, pillow word)
  • 弟橘媛 (Oto2tatibana-pi1me1)

Descendants

  • Japanese: (tachibana)

Proper noun

(Tatibana) (kana たちばな)

  1. a powerful clan descended from Agata no Inukai no Michiyo and later Tachibana no Moroe

Descendants

  • Japanese: (Tachibana)

Vietnamese

Han character

(quất, quít, quầng, quắt)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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