柔

柔 U+67D4, 柔
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-67D4
← 染
[U+67D3] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 柕 →
[U+67D5]

Translingual

Han character

柔 (radical 75, 木+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 弓竹木 (NHD), four-corner 17904, composition ⿱矛木)

References
  • KangXi: page 519, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14622
  • Dae Jaweon: page 907, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1192, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+67D4

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 柔

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (矛) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
堥 *muː, *mu
蓩 *muːʔ, *moːɡ
猱 *ml'uː, *mljiwʔ, *ml'us
茅 *mruː
罞 *mruː, *muːŋ
蝥 *mruː, *mu, *mo, *moɡs
鶜 *mruː
瞀 *moːɡs, *mroːɡ
愗 *moːɡs
袤 *mus
雺 *mus, *mu, *muːŋ, *muːŋs
懋 *mus
楙 *mus
矛 *mu
蟊 *mu
髳 *mu, *muːŋ
鍪 *mu
鞪 *mu, *moːɡ
糅 *ml'us
腬 *ml'us, *mlju
柔 *mlju
揉 *mju
蹂 *mju, *mjuʔ, *mjus
鍒 *mju
騥 *mju
蝚 *mju
葇 *mju, *mjuʔ
鞣 *mju, *mjus
鰇 *mju
瑈 *mju
鶔 *mju
楺 *mjuʔ
煣 *mjuʔ, *mjus
輮 *mjuʔ, *mjus
韖 *mjuʔ
敄 *moʔ, *mos
務 *moɡs
鶩 *moɡs, *moːɡ
騖 *moɡs
婺 *moɡs
霚 *moɡs, *moːŋ
嵍 *moɡs
霧 *moɡs, *moːŋ
霿 *moːŋ, *moːŋs
楘 *moːɡ

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 矛 + 木 (“tree”) – wood soft enough that it can easily be cut.

Pronunciation
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 柔
Mandarin Beijing /ʐou³⁵/
Harbin /ʐou²⁴/
Tianjin /iou⁴⁵/
/ʐou⁴⁵/
Jinan /ʐou⁴²/
Qingdao /iou⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʐou⁴²/
Xi'an /ʐou²⁴/
Xining /ʐɯ²¹³/
Yinchuan /ʐəu⁵³/
Lanzhou /ʐou⁵³/
Ürümqi /ʐɤu⁵¹/
Wuhan /nəu²¹³/
Chengdu /zəu³¹/
Guiyang /zəu²¹/
Kunming /ʐəu³¹/
Nanjing /ʐəɯ²⁴/
Hefei /ʐɯ⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /zəu¹¹/
Pingyao /ʐəu¹³/
Hohhot /ʐəu³¹/
Wu Shanghai /zɤ²³/
Suzhou /zɤ¹³/
Hangzhou /zei²¹³/
Wenzhou /jɤu³¹/
Hui Shexian /iu⁴⁴/
Tunxi
Xiang Changsha /iəu¹³/
Xiangtan /iəɯ¹²/
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian /iu¹¹/
Taoyuan /ʒiu¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jɐu²¹/
Nanning /jɐu²¹/
Hong Kong /jɐu²¹/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /liu³⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /ieu⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /iu²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /zĩu⁵⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ziu²¹³/
Rime
Character 柔
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 日 (38)
Final (韻) 尤 (136)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 耳由切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ȵɨu/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ȵiu/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ȵʑiəu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ȵuw/
Li
Rong		 /ȵiu/
Wang
Li		 /ȵʑĭəu/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ȵʑi̯ə̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 róu
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 柔
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 róu
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ nyuw ›
Old
Chinese		 /*nu/
English soft

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 柔
Reading # 1/1
No. 8825
Phonetic
component		 矛
Rime
group		 幽
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 柔
Old
Chinese		 /*mlju/

Definitions

柔

  1. soft; supple
  2. to soften
  3. gentle; pliant
  4. to make gentle
  5. (～州) Short for 柔佛 (Róufó, “Johor”).

Compounds
Derived terms from 柔

Japanese

Kanji
柔

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. tender, weakness, gentleness, softness

Readings

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
柔
やわ
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Adjectival noun

柔 (-na inflection, hiragana やわ, rōmaji yawa, historical hiragana やは)

  1. weak

Etymology 2

Noun

柔 (hiragana やわら, rōmaji yawara, historical hiragana やはら)

  1. A small handheld metal weapon; like a 'fist-iron'; either one or two small, thick sticks which stick out about an inch from each side of the hand, usually used in pairs to initiate throws, bone breaks, and pressure point strikes; inspired from the vajra/kongō.

See also

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
柔
じゅう
Grade: S
on’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

柔 (hiragana じゅう, rōmaji jū, historical hiragana じう)

  1. softness

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

柔 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

柔 (nhu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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