憎

憎	U+618E, 憎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-618E

← 憍
[U+618D]

CJK Unified Ideographs

憏 →
[U+618F]

憎	U+FA3F, 憎 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA3F

← 慨
[U+FA3E]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

懲 →
[U+FA40]

憎	U+FA89, 憎 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA89

← 愈
[U+FA88]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

慠 →
[U+FA8A]

憎	U+2F8AB, 憎 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F8AB

← 慺
[U+2F8AA]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement

憲 →
[U+2F8AC]

Translingual

Japanese	憎
Simplified	憎
Traditional	憎

Alternative forms

Note difference between Chinese form, which uses 曾, and Japanese shinjitai which uses 曽.

Han character

憎 (radical 61, 心+12 in Chinese, 心+11 in Japanese, 15 strokes in Chinese, 14 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 心金田日 (PCWA), four-corner 9806₆, composition ⿰忄曾(GHTK) or ⿰忄曽(J))

Related characters

增 (増) 僧

References

KangXi: page 402, character 8

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11188

Dae Jaweon: page 742, character 10

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2356, character 8

Unihan data for U+618E

Chinese

simp. and trad.		憎

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 憎
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (曾) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
潧	*ʔsrɯn
繒	ʔsɯːŋ, zɯŋ
增	ʔsɯːŋ, ʔsɯːŋs
憎	*ʔsɯːŋ
磳	ʔsɯːŋ, zɯŋ
曾	ʔsɯːŋ, zɯːŋ
矰	*ʔsɯːŋ
罾	*ʔsɯːŋ
熷	*ʔsɯːŋ
竲	ʔsɯːŋ, zɯŋ
橧	ʔsɯːŋ, zɯŋ
譄	*ʔsɯːŋ
蹭	*sʰɯːŋs
層	*zɯːŋ
贈	*zɯːŋs
僧	*sɯːŋ
鬙	*sɯːŋ
甑	*ʔsɯŋs
鄫	*zɯŋ
驓	*zɯŋ
嶒	*zɯŋ
噌	*sʰɯːŋ
鏳	*zrɯːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ʔsɯːŋ) : semantic 忄 (“heart”) + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zēng, zèng (zeng¹, zeng⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄗㄥ, ㄗㄥˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zang¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chen
Min Dong (BUC): cĕng
Min Nan (POJ): cheng / chng
Wu (Wiktionary): tsen (T1)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: zēng
  - Zhuyin: ㄗㄥ
  - Wade–Giles: tsêng¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzeng
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sɤŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, nonstandard variant)⁺
  - Pinyin: zèng
  - Zhuyin: ㄗㄥˋ
  - Wade–Giles: tsêng⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzenq
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sɤŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zang¹
  - Yale: jāng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzang¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: zeng¹
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chen
  - Hakka Romanization System: zen
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zen⁴
  - IPA: /t͡sen⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cĕng
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛiŋ⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheng
  - Tâi-lô: tsing
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zefng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕiɪŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chng
  - Tâi-lô: tsng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zngf
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sŋ̍³³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: tsen (T1)
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡səɲ⁵³/

Middle Chinese: /t͡səŋ/▼

Rime
Character	憎
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	登 (129)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	作滕切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡səŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡səŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡səŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡səŋ/
Li Rong	/t͡səŋ/
Wang Li	/t͡səŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡səŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zēng

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤəŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*ʔsɯːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	憎
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zēng
Middle Chinese	‹ tsong ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]ˁəŋ/
English	hate
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	憎
Reading #	1/1
No.	16614
Phonetic component	曾
Rime group	蒸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*ʔsɯːŋ/

Definitions

憎

(literary or Cantonese) to hate; to detest; to abhor

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 討厭 (“to dislike; to loathe; to hate”) [map]
Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		討厭, 厭惡, 憎惡
Mandarin	Beijing	討厭, 不待見
	Taiwan	討厭
	Jinan	討厭, 惡素
	Xi'an	討厭
	Wuhan	嫌, 討厭
	Chengdu	討厭, 見不得, 嫌
	Yangzhou	嫌, 惡嫌, 討厭
	Hefei	討厭, 格厭
Cantonese	Guangzhou	憎
	Hong Kong	憎
	Foshan	憎
	Shunde	憎
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	憎
	Doumen (Shangheng Tanka)	憎
	Taishan	憎, 煩
	Kaiping (Chikan)	憎, 煩
	Dongguan	憎
	Yangjiang	嬲
Gan	Nanchang	討厭, 討嫌, 嫌
Hakka	Meixian	惱
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	惱
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	惱
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	惱
	Dongshi (Dabu)	惱
	Hsinchu (Raoping)	惱
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	慼
Jin	Taiyuan	討厭
Min Bei	Jian'ou	討厭, 怒
Min Dong	Fuzhou	嫌, 顣, 怒
Min Nan	Xiamen	猌, 㤉, 沖, 沖神, 沖𡳞
	Quanzhou	㤉
	Zhangzhou	猌, 㤉
	Penang	滷
	Philippines (Manila)	㤉
	Chaozhou	滷
Wu	Suzhou	討厭, 注
Wu	Wenzhou	討厭, 惡
Xiang	Changsha	討嫌, 厭眼
Xiang	Shuangfeng	討嫌

Compounds

僕憎／仆憎
可人憎
可憎 (kězēng)
可憎娘
可憎才

嫌憎
怨憎會苦／怨憎会苦
愛憎／爱憎 (àizēng)
愛憎分明／爱憎分明
憎恨 (zēnghèn)

憎惡／憎恶 (zēngwù)
文章憎命
盜憎主人／盗憎主人
面目可憎

Japanese

Kanji

憎

(common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 憎)

hate

Readings

Go-on: そう (sō)
Kan-on: そう (sō)
Kan’yō-on: ぞう (zō, Jōyō)
Kun: にくむ (nikumu, 憎む, Jōyō); にくしみ (nikushimi, 憎しみ, Jōyō); にくい (nikui, 憎い, Jōyō); にくらしい (nikurashii, 憎らしい, Jōyō)

Compounds

合憎 (あいにく) (ainiku, “unfortunately”)
生憎 (あいにく) (ainiku, “unfortunately”)

Korean

Hanja

憎 • (jeung) (hangeul 증, revised jeung, McCune–Reischauer chŭng, Yale cung)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

憎 (tăng)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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