売る

Japanese
Kanji in this term
売
う
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Etymology

Probably cognate with Old Japanese-derived 得る (uru, “to obtain, to get”, modern eru), from the sense of getting money in exchange for the item sold.

Pronunciation

Verb

売る (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 賣る, transitive, godan conjugation, hiragana うる, rōmaji uru)

Japanese verb pair
active 売る
mediopassive 売れる
  1. to sell something (to agree to transfer goods)
    野菜 (やさい)を売 (う)る
    yasai o uru
    to sell vegetables
  2. to sell someone out, to betray
    仲間 (なかま)を売 (う)る
    nakama o uru
    to sell out one's friend, to sell one's friend down the river
    友達 (ともだち)を警察 (けいさつ)に売 (う)る
    tomodachi o keisatsu ni uru
    to turn in a friend to the police
  3. to agitate, to incite
    喧 (けん)嘩 (か)を売 (う)る
    kenka o uru
    to incite a quarrel
    何 (なん)だ、喧 (けん)嘩 (か)を売 (う)っているかい？
    Nan da, kenka o utte iru kai?
    What, are you looking for / asking for a fight?

Conjugation
Conjugation of "売る" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 売ら うら ura
Continuative (連用形) 売り うり uri
Terminal (終止形) 売る うる uru
Attributive (連体形) 売る うる uru
Hypothetical (仮定形) 売れ うれ ure
Imperative (命令形) 売れ うれ ure
Key constructions
Passive 売られる うられる urareru
Causative 売らせる
売らす		 うらせる
うらす		 uraseru
urasu
Potential 売れる うれる ureru
Volitional 売ろう うろう urō
Negative 売らない うらない uranai
Negative continuative 売らず うらず urazu
Formal 売ります うります urimasu
Perfective 売った うった utta
Conjunctive 売って うって utte
Hypothetical conditional 売れば うれば ureba
Classical conjugation of "売る" (ラ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 売らうらura
Continuative (連用形) 売りうりuri
Terminal (終止形) 売るうるuru
Attributive (連体形) 売るうるuru
Realis (已然形) 売れうれure
Imperative (命令形) 売れうれure
Key constructions
Negative 売らずうらずurazu
Contrasting conjunction 売れどうれどuredo
Causal conjunction 売ればうればureba
Conditional conjunction 売らばうらばuraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 売りきうりきuriki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 売りけりうりけりurikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 売りつうりつuritu
Perfect tense (natural event) 売りぬうりぬurinu
Perfect-continuative tense 売れり
売りたり		うれり
うりたり		ureri
uritari

Synonyms
  • (betray): 裏切る (うらぎる, ​uragiru)

Antonyms
  • (agree to transfer goods): 買う (かう, ​kau): to buy something

Compounds
Compounds

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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