壤

See also: 壌
壤 U+58E4, 壤
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-58E4
← 壣
[U+58E3] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 壥 →
[U+58E5]

Translingual
Japanese 壌
Simplified 壤
Traditional 壤

Han character

壤 (radical 32, 土+17, 20 strokes, cangjie input 土卜口女 (GYRV), four-corner 40132, composition ⿰土襄)

Derived characters
  • 𤅑

References
  • KangXi: page 242, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5608
  • Dae Jaweon: page 482, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 501, character 11
  • Unihan data for U+58E4

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 壤
variant forms 圵 second round simplified

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (襄) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
囊 *naːŋ
蠰 *naːŋ, *sraŋ, *hnjaŋs, *njaŋʔ
曩 *naːŋʔ
灢 *naːŋʔ, *naːŋs
儾 *naːŋs
孃 *naŋ, *njaŋ
瓤 *naŋ, *njaŋ
鑲 *naŋ, *njaŋ
釀 *naŋs
瓖 *snaŋ, *snaŋ
驤 *snaŋ
襄 *snaŋ
纕 *snaŋ
忀 *snaŋ
欀 *snaŋ, *njaŋs
饟 *hnjaŋ, *hnjaŋʔ, *hnjaŋs
攘 *njaŋ, *njaŋʔ, *njaŋs
禳 *njaŋ
穰 *njaŋ, *njaŋʔ
躟 *njaŋ, *njaŋʔ
瀼 *njaŋ
獽 *njaŋ
儴 *njaŋ
蘘 *njaŋ
鬤 *njaŋ, *rnaːŋ
勷 *njaŋ
壤 *njaŋʔ
嚷 *njaŋʔ
讓 *njaŋs
懹 *njaŋs
攮 *rnoːŋʔ

Pronunciation
Rime
Character 壤
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 日 (38)
Final (韻) 陽 (105)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 如兩切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ȵɨɐŋX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ȵiɐŋX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ȵʑiɑŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ȵɨaŋX/
Li
Rong		 /ȵiaŋX/
Wang
Li		 /ȵʑĭaŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ȵʑi̯aŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 rǎng
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 壤
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 rǎng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ nyangX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*naŋʔ/
English cultivated soil

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 壤
Reading # 1/1
No. 13643
Phonetic
component		 襄
Rime
group		 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 壤
Old
Chinese		 /*njaŋʔ/

Definitions

壤

  1. soil
  2. land; earth; ground
  3. region; area

Compounds
  • 天壤之判
  • 天壤之別／天壤之别 (tiānrǎngzhībié)
  • 天壤王郎
  • 封壤
  • 平壤 (Píngrǎng)
  • 息壤
  • 接壤 (jiērǎng)
  • 擊壤／击壤
  • 擊壤歌／击壤歌
  • 擊壤鼓腹／击壤鼓腹
  • 朽壤
  • 泉壤
  • 浩壤
  • 熙熙壤壤
  • 皋壤
  • 穹壤
  • 窮山僻壤／穷山僻壤
  • 窮鄉僻壤／穷乡僻壤 (qióngxiāngpìrǎng)
  • 糞壤／粪壤
  • 糞壤窟室／粪壤窟室
  • 紅壤／红壤 (hóngrǎng)
  • 膏壤
  • 蓋壤／盖壤
  • 豐壤／丰壤
  • 迥隔霄壤
  • 遐方絕壤／遐方绝壤
  • 霄壤
  • 霄壤之別／霄壤之别
  • 霄壤之殊
  • 黃壤／黄壤
  • 鼠壤

References

Japanese

Shinjitai

 壌

Kyūjitai

 壤

Kanji
壤

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 壌)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings
  • On (unclassified): じょう (jō)
  • Kun: つち (tsuchi, 壤)

Korean

Hanja

壤 • (yang) (hangeul 양, revised yang, McCune–Reischauer yang)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

壤 (nhưỡng)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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