俄

俄 U+4FC4, 俄
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4FC4
← 促
[U+4FC3] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 俅 →
[U+4FC5]

Translingual

Han character

俄 (radical 9, 人+7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 人竹手戈 (OHQI), four-corner 23250, composition ⿰亻我)

References
  • KangXi: page 104, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 665
  • Dae Jaweon: page 220, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 162, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+4FC4

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 俄

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 俄
Small seal script

s05857

Transcribed ancient scripts

L08399

L08400

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (我) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
莪 *ŋaːl
哦 *ŋaːl
娥 *ŋaːl
峨 *ŋaːl
峩 *ŋaːl
鵝 *ŋaːl
俄 *ŋaːl
蛾 *ŋaːl, *ŋralʔ
睋 *ŋaːl
涐 *ŋaːl
誐 *ŋaːl
硪 *ŋaːl, *ŋaːlʔ
我 *ŋaːlʔ
騀 *ŋaːlʔ
餓 *ŋaːls
義 *ŋrals
儀 *ŋral
轙 *ŋral, *ŋralʔ
檥 *ŋral, *ŋralʔ
蟻 *ŋralʔ
艤 *ŋralʔ
礒 *ŋralʔ
羛 *ŋralʔ, *hŋral
議 *ŋrals
犧 *hŋral
曦 *hŋral
羲 *hŋral

Etymology 1

Pronunciation
Rime
Character 俄
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 疑 (31)
Final (韻) 歌 (94)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 五何切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ŋɑ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ŋɑ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ŋɑ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ŋa/
Li
Rong		 /ŋɑ/
Wang
Li		 /ŋɑ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ŋɑ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 é
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 俄
Reading # 1/1
No. 13035
Phonetic
component		 我
Rime
group		 歌
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 莪
Old
Chinese		 /*ŋaːl/

Definitions

俄

  1. suddenly; (very) soon; presently
    俄而  ―  é'ér  ―  after a while; presently
  2. tilted

Compounds
  • 半霎俄延
  • 慢俄延
  • 懷俄明州／怀俄明州

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Definitions

俄

  1. Short for 俄羅斯／俄罗斯 (Éluósī, “Russia”).
    俄語 / 俄语  ―  Éyǔ  ―  Russian language

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji
俄

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings
  • Go-on: が (ga)
  • Kan-on: が (ga)
  • Kun: にわか (niwaka, 俄)←にはか (nifaka, historical)

Compounds
Compounds

Adjective

俄 (-na inflection, hiragana にわか, rōmaji niwaka, historical hiragana にはか)

  1. sudden, abrupt, unexpected, improvised, offhand

Inflection
Inflection of 俄
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 俄だろ にわかだろ niwaka daro
Continuative (連用形) 俄で にわかで niwaka de
Terminal (終止形) 俄だ にわかだ niwaka da
Attributive (連体形) 俄な にわかな niwaka na
Hypothetical (仮定形) 俄なら にわかなら niwaka nara
Imperative (命令形) 俄であれ にわかであれ niwaka de are
Key constructions
Informal negative 俄ではない
俄じゃない		 にわかではない
にわかじゃない		 niwaka de wa nai
niwaka ja nai
Informal past 俄だった にわかだった niwaka datta
Informal negative past 俄ではなかった
俄じゃなかった		 にわかではなかった
にわかじゃなかった		 niwaka de wa nakatta
niwaka ja nakatta
Formal 俄です にわかです niwaka desu
Formal negative 俄ではありません
俄じゃありません		 にわかではありません
にわかじゃありません		 niwaka de wa arimasen
niwaka ja arimasen
Formal past 俄でした にわかでした niwaka deshita
Formal negative past 俄ではありませんでした
俄じゃありませんでした		 にわかではありませんでした
にわかじゃありませんでした		 niwaka de wa arimasen deshita
niwaka ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive 俄で にわかで niwaka de
Conditional 俄なら（ば） にわかなら（ば） niwaka nara (ba)
Provisional 俄だったら にわかだったら niwaka dattara
Volitional 俄だろう にわかだろう niwaka darō
Adverbial 俄に にわかに niwaka ni
Degree 俄さ にわかさ niwakasa

Noun

俄 (hiragana にわか, rōmaji niwaka, historical hiragana にはか)

  1. abbreviation of 俄狂言 (にわかきょうげん) (niwaka kyōgen): a farce; an impromptu comic interlude during a Noh play
  2. by extension, any impromptu joke, witticism, or pun

See also

Korean

Hanja

俄 • (a) (hangeul 아, McCune–Reischauer a)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese
Hán tự in this word
俄

Noun

俄

  1. Hán tự form of Nga, nga (“Russia, Russian”).

References
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