عالم

Borrowed from Aramaic עָלְמָא‎ / ܥܳܠܡܳܐ‎ (ʿāləmā) or Hebrew עוֹלָם‎ (ʿōlām), possibly from Akkadian 𒂖𒆷𒈬𒌋𒀀 (/ellamu, illamu/, “front, before; both temporally and in location; coming before your time or being currently physically before you now”).

The pattern فَاعَل‎ (fāʿal) is considered originally foreign to Arabic and Ethiopic, occurring only in likely loanwords such as طَابَع‎ (ṭābaʿ), خَاتَم‎ (ḵātam), فَالَج‎ (fālaj). It should be noted some of these loans are suspected to be early, such as خَاتَم‎ (ḵātam) being present in Old Arabian Inscriptions and عَالَم‎ (ʿālam) retaining the sound masculine plural ending in spite of being treated as a non-human plural; a feature that suggests it existed prior to the restriction of such a use exclusively for male humans. Consequently due to its early appearance, the فَاعَل‎ (fāʿal) pattern has since become a sparsely used coined pattern in its own right, typically however still being reserved for loanwords using the structure of these earlier loans as their basis; for example the later loan طَاقَم‎ (ṭāqam).

• عٰلَم‎ (ʿālam)

عَالَم • (ʿālam) m (plural عَالَمُون‎ (ʿālamūn) or عَوَالِم‎ (ʿawālim))

1. world
2. universe, cosmos, existence
3. things, creation, that which exists before you
4. nation, people, group, type, or kind

• → Bashkir: ғәләм (ğäläm)
• → Indonesian: alam
• → Kyrgyz: аалам (aalam)
• → Malay: alam
• → Middle Armenian: ալամ (alam)
  • Armenian: ալամ (alam)
• → Ottoman Turkish: عالم‎ (alem)
  • Turkish: alem
• → Persian: عالم‎ ('âlam)
• → Urdu: عالم‎ (ālam)

Derived from the active participle of the verb عَلِمَ‎ (ʿalima, “to know”), from the root ع ل م‎ (ʿ-l-m).

عَالِم • (ʿālim) m (plural عَالِمُون‎ (ʿālimūn) or عُلَمَاء‎ (ʿulamāʾ), feminine عَالِمَة‎ (ʿālima))

1. scholar, man of letters
2. knowledgeable person, savant

• → Persian: عالم‎ ('âlem)
• → Ottoman Turkish: عالم‎ (alim)
  • Turkish: alem
• → Urdu: عالم‎ (ālim)

• “ˁlm”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Fischer, Wolfdietrich (2006) Grammatik des Klassischen Arabisch (in German), 4^th edition, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, →ISBN, § 62 Anm. 5, page 36
• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1880) De vocabulis in antiquis Arabum carminibus et in Corano peregrinis‎ (in Latin), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 17
• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1880) De vocabulis in antiquis Arabum carminibus et in Corano peregrinis‎ (in Latin), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 21
• Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 208–209
• Nöldeke, Theodor (1875) Mandäische Grammatik‎ (in German), Halle: Verlag der Buchhandlung des Waisenhauses, page 112

From Arabic عَالَم‎ (ʿālam).

عالم • (alem) (plural عالمون‎ (alemun), and عوالم‎ (ewalim))

1. world, universe, everything except God
2. age, time, period

• Turkish: alem

From Arabic عَالِم‎ (ʿālim).

عالم • (alim) (plural علما‎ (ulema), and علام‎ (ullam))

1. learned man, scholar, man of letters
2. particularly, a member of a certain class of men with a state-sponsored tenure, as distinguished from a mufti, being part of the askeri class, alim [since Mehmed II]

• Turkish: alim

• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “عالم”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, columns 3196–3197
• Ottoman imperial Sunni ulama on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Die Ulamā im Osmanischen Reich on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^de

From Arabic عَالَم‎ (ʿālam).

عالم • ('âlam)

1. world
2. universe

From Arabic عَالِم‎ (ʿālim).

عالم • ('âlem)

1. learned
2. knowledgeable

• علم‎ ('elm)

From Arabic عَالَم‎ (ʿālam).

عالم • ('ālam) m (Hindi spelling आलम)

1. world
2. universe
3. mankind
4. kingdom
5. season
6. state, condition
7. age, period

From Arabic عَالِم‎ (ʿālim).

عالم • ('ālim) (Hindi spelling आलिम)

1. learned
2. knowledgeable
3. intelligent
4. wise

عالم • ('ālim) m (Hindi spelling आलिम)

1. doctor
2. scientist

• علم‎ ('ilm)