rún

See also: run, rùn, Rún, and rǔn

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse rún, from Proto-Norse ᚱᚢᚾᛟ (runo), from Proto-Germanic *rūnō.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ɹʉuːn/
  • Rhymes: -ʉuːn

Noun

rún f (genitive singular rúnar, plural rúnir)

  1. rune
  2. (in plural: rúnir) magic

Declension
Declension of rún
f2 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative rún rúnin rúnir rúnirnar
accusative rún rúnina rúnir rúnirnar
dative rún rúnini rúnum rúnunum
genitive rúnar rúnarinnar rúna rúnanna

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse rún (“secret; rune”), from Proto-Norse ᚱᚢᚾᛟ (runo), from Proto-Germanic *rūnō.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ruːn/
  • Rhymes: -uːn

Noun

rún f (genitive singular rúnar, nominative plural rúnir)

  1. a rune
  2. a magical symbol
  3. (archaic or poetic) secret wisdom
  4. (obsolete) female confidant syn.

Synonyms
  • (female confidant): def. rúna

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish rún (“mystery, secret”) (Scottish Gaelic rùn, Manx roon), from Proto-Celtic *rūnā. Cognate with Welsh rhin.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ɾˠuːnˠ/

Noun

rún m (genitive singular rúin, nominative plural rúin)

  1. mystery
  2. secret
  3. secret intention, purpose
  4. secret disposition; (evil) design
  5. (formal) resolution
  6. love, affection
  7. loved one; dear one, friend

Declension
Declension of rún

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative rún rúin
Vocative a rúin a rúna
Genitive rúin rún
Dative rún rúin

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an rún na rúin
Genitive an rúin na rún
Dative leis an rún

don rún

 leis na rúin

Derived terms
  • cara rúin
  • dea-rún
  • faoi rún
  • margadh rúin
  • rúnach
  • rúnach
  • rúnaí
  • rún buíochais
  • rún cáinte
  • rún ceilge
  • rúnchara
  • rúnda
  • rúndaingean
  • rún diaga
  • rúndiamhair
  • rúndiamhair
  • rún díoltais
  • rún gadaí
  • rúnmhar
  • scéal rúin

Further reading
  • "rún" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
  • “1 rún” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
  • Entries containing “rún” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
  • Entries containing “rún” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

Mandarin

Romanization

rún (Zhuyin ㄖㄨㄣˊ)

  1. Pinyin transcription of 犉
  2. Pinyin transcription of 瞤

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *rūnā. Cognate with Welsh rhin.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /r͈uːn/

Noun

rún f (genitive rúine, nominative plural rúna)

  1. mystery, secret
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 27c22
      Is airi am cimbid-se hóre no·pridchim in rúin sin.
      It is for that reason that I am a captive, because I preach that mystery.

Declension
Feminine ā-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative rúnL rúinL rúna
Vocative rúnL rúinL rúna
Accusative rúinN rúinL rúna
Genitive rúine rúnL rúnN
Dative rúinL rúnaib rúnaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

Mutation
Old Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
rún
also rrún after a proclitic		 rún
pronounced with /r(ʲ)-/		 rún
also rrún after a proclitic
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading
  • “1 rún” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

Old Norse
photograph of the inscription on the Einang stone, which may be the oldest attestation of this word

Etymology

From Proto-Norse ᚱᚢᚾᛟ (runo), from Proto-Germanic *rūnō, whence also Old English rūn (“secret, runic letter”), Old Saxon rūna (Middle Low German rūne (“whisper”)), Middle High German rūne (“whisper”), Gothic 𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌰 (rūna, “secret”). Or from the Proto-Indo-European *rewH- (“dig”, a root). Compare German Rune and Swedish runa.

Noun

rún f (genitive rúnar, plural rúnar or rúnir)

  1. secret
  2. rune

Declension
  Declension of rún (strong ō-stem)
feminine singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative rún rúnin rúnar, rúnir rúnarnar, rúnirnar
accusative rún rúnina rúnar, rúnir rúnarnar, rúnirnar
dative rún rúninni rúnum rúnunum
genitive rúnar rúnarinnar rúna rúnanna

Derived terms

Descendants

References

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

Noun

rún

  1. Eye dialect spelling of rốn, representing Central Vietnam and Southern Vietnam Vietnamese.
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