rust

From Middle English rust, rost, roust, from Old English rust, rūst (“rust”), from Proto-Germanic *rustaz (“rust”), from Proto-Indo-European *rudʰso- (“red”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”). Cognate with Scots roust (“rust”), Saterland Frisian rust (“rust”), West Frisian roast (“rust”), Dutch roest (“rust”), German Rost (“rust”), Danish rust (“rust”), Swedish rost (“rust”), Norwegian rust, ryst (“rust”). Related to red.

• enPR: rŭst, IPA^(key): /ɹʌst/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ʌst

rust (countable and uncountable, plural rusts)

1. The deteriorated state of iron or steel as a result of moisture and oxidation.

   The rust on my bicycle chain made cycling to work very dangerous.

2. A similar substance based on another metal (usually with qualification, such as "copper rust").

   aerugo. Green or blue-green copper rust; verdigris. (American Heritage Dictionary, 1973)

3. A reddish-brown color.

   rust colour:  

4. A disease of plants caused by a reddish-brown fungus.

rust (third-person singular simple present rusts, present participle rusting, simple past and past participle rusted)

1. (intransitive) To oxidize, especially of iron or steel.

   The patio furniture had rusted in the wind-driven spray.

2. (transitive) To cause to oxidize.

   The wind-driven spray had thoroughly rusted the patio furniture.

3. (intransitive) To be affected with the parasitic fungus called rust.
4. (transitive, intransitive, figuratively) To (cause to) degenerate in idleness; to make or become dull or impaired by inaction.
   • Dryden

     Must I rust in Egypt? never more / Appear in arms, and be the chief of Greece?

• oxidise / oxidize
• corrode

• UTRs, ruts, stur, turs

From Old Swedish rost (“rust”).

• IPA^(key): /rost/, [ʁɔsd̥]

rust c (singular definite rusten, not used in plural form)

1. rust
2. corrosion

rust

1. imperative of ruste

• IPA^(key): /rʏst/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ʏst

From Middle Dutch ruste, from Old Dutch *rusta, from Proto-Germanic *rustijō.

rust f or m (plural rusten)

1. rest, calm, peace

   Waarom laat je me niet met rust?. - Why don't you leave me alone?

2. (sports) half-time

• rusteloos
• rustig

See the etymology of the main entry.

rust

1. first-, second- and third-person singular present indicative of rusten
2. imperative of rusten

rust m or f (definite singular rusta or rusten) (uncountable)

1. rust (oxidation of iron and steel)
2. rust (disease affecting plants)

• rustrød

rust

1. imperative of ruste

• IPA^(key): /rʉst/

rust f (definite singular rusta) (uncountable)

1. rust (oxidation, as above)
2. rust (plant disease)

rust

1. imperative of rusta

• IPA^(key): /rʉːst/

rust

1. past participle of rusa

• “rust” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.