dubh

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish dub, from Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black”). Cognates include English deaf.

Pronunciation
  • (Munster) IPA(key): /d̪ˠʊvˠ/
  • (Galway) IPA(key): /d̪ˠʊ(vˠ)/
  • (Mayo, Ulster) IPA(key): /d̪ˠʊw/

Adjective

dubh (genitive singular masculine duibh, genitive singular feminine duibhe, plural dubha, comparative duibhe or dúcha)

  1. black
  2. black-haired

Declension
Declension of dubh
Singular Plural (m/f)
Positive Masculine Feminine (strong noun) (weak noun)
Nominative dubh dhubh dubha;
dhubha²
Vocative dhuibh dubha
Genitive dubhe dubha dubh
Dative dubh;
dhubh¹		 dhubh;
dhuibh (archaic)		 dubha;
dhubha²
Comparative níos dubhe
Superlative is dubhe

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Derived terms

Noun

dubh m (genitive singular duibh)

  1. black

Declension
Declension of dubh

First declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun)

Case Singular
Nominative dubh
Vocative a dhuibh
Genitive duibh
Dative dubh

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular
Nominative an dubh
Genitive an duibh
Dative leis an dubh

don dubh

Derived terms
  • ó dhubh go dubh (“from dawn to dusk”)

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
dubh dhubh ndubh
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

See also
Colors in Irish · dathanna (layout · text)
     bán      liath      dubh
             dearg ; corcairdhearg              oráiste ; donn              buí ; bánbhuí
                          glas             
             cian              gormghlas              gorm
             indeagó              maigeanta ; corcra              bándearg

Further reading

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish dub (“black”), from Proto-Celtic *dubus (“black”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“black”). Cognates within Celtic include Breton du (“black”), Welsh du (“black”), Cornish duv or du (“black”), Gaulish river name Dubis, now Doubs. Cognates outside Celtic include Ancient Greek τυφλός (tuphlós, “blind”), Gothic 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐍃 (daubs, “deaf”), German taub (“deaf”), English deaf, English dumb.[1][2]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /t̪ʊv/, /t̪uːv/, /t̪uː/, /t̪u/

Adjective

dubh

  1. black
  2. black-haired
    Tha Dòmhnall Dubh an Dòmhnallaich a-nochd a' tòir air Mòraig. ― Black-haired Donald MacDonald is chasing after Morag tonight.

Derived terms

Noun

dubh m (genitive singular duibh, plural dubhan)

  1. blackness, darkness
    Synonyms: dorchadas, dubhar
  2. ink
    Synonym: inc
  3. pupil (of eye)
    Synonym: clach na sùla

Derived terms

Verb

dubh (past dhubh, future dubhaidh, verbal noun dubhadh, past participle dubhte)

  1. blacken

Derived terms

Mutation
Scottish Gaelic mutation
RadicalLenition
dubhdhubh
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

See also
Colors in Scottish Gaelic · dathan (layout · text)
     bàn      glas      dubh
             dearg ; ruadh              orainds ; donn              buidhe ; donn
             uaine              uaine              gorm ; gorm
             liath ; glas              liath              gorm
             purpaidh ; guirmean              pinc ; purpaidh              pinc

References
  1. dubh at Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Alexander MacBain, Eneas Mackay, 1911 . Accessed 4 Feb. 2015.
  2. C. Marstrander, E. G. Quin et al., editors (1913–76), “dub”, in Dictionary of the Irish Language: Based Mainly on Old and Middle Irish Materials, Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, →ISBN Accessed 4 Feb. 2015.

Further reading
  • Faclair Gàidhlig Dwelly Air Loidhne, Dwelly, Edward (1911), Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan/The Illustrated [Scottish] Gaelic-English Dictionary (10th ed.), Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
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