dearg
Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish derg, from Proto-Celtic *dergos (“red, crimson”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰerg- (“to dim, darken”); compare Old English deorc (“dark”) and Tocharian A tärkär/B tarkär (“cloud”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdʲaɾˠəɡ/
- (Cois Fharraige) IPA(key): /ˈdʲæɾˠəɡ/
Adjective
dearg (genitive singular masculine deirg, genitive singular feminine deirge, plural dearga, comparative deirge)
Declension
Singular | Plural (m/f) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Positive | Masculine | Feminine | (strong noun) | (weak noun) |
Nominative | dearg | dhearg | dearga; dhearga² | |
Vocative | dheirg | dearga | ||
Genitive | deirge | dearga | dearg | |
Dative | dearg; dhearg¹ |
dhearg; dheirg (archaic) |
dearga; dhearga² | |
Comparative | níos deirge | |||
Superlative | is deirge |
¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.
Derived terms
- aibhleog dhearg (“ember”)
- cailín dearg (“tongue”)
- scothdhearg
Verb
dearg (present analytic deargann, future analytic deargfaidh, verbal noun deargadh, past participle deargtha)
Conjugation
singular | plural | relative | autonomous | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||
indicative | present | deargaim | deargann tú; deargair† |
deargann sé, sí | deargaimid | deargann sibh | deargann siad; deargaid† |
a dheargann; a dheargas / a ndeargann*; a ndeargas* |
deargtar |
past | dhearg mé; dheargas | dhearg tú; dheargais | dhearg sé, sí | dheargamar; dhearg muid | dhearg sibh; dheargabhair | dhearg siad; dheargadar | a dhearg / ar dhearg* |
deargadh | |
past habitual | dheargainn / ndeargainn‡‡ | dheargtá / ndeargtᇇ | dheargadh sé, sí / ndeargadh sé, s퇇 | dheargaimis; dheargadh muid / ndeargaimis‡‡; ndeargadh muid‡‡ | dheargadh sibh / ndeargadh sibh‡‡ | dheargaidís; dheargadh siad / ndeargaidís‡‡; ndeargadh siad‡‡ | a dheargadh / a ndeargadh* |
dheargtaí / ndeargta퇇 | |
future | deargfaidh mé; deargfad |
deargfaidh tú; deargfair† |
deargfaidh sé, sí | deargfaimid; deargfaidh muid |
deargfaidh sibh | deargfaidh siad; deargfaid† |
a dheargfaidh; a dheargfas / a ndeargfaidh*; a ndeargfas* |
deargfar | |
conditional | dheargfainn / ndeargfainn‡‡ | dheargfá / ndeargfᇇ | dheargfadh sé, sí / ndeargfadh sé, s퇇 | dheargfaimis; dheargfadh muid / ndeargfaimis‡‡; ndeargfadh muid‡‡ | dheargfadh sibh / ndeargfadh sibh‡‡ | dheargfaidís; dheargfadh siad / ndeargfaidís‡‡; ndeargfadh siad‡‡ | a dheargfadh / a ndeargfadh* |
dheargfaí / ndeargfa퇇 | |
subjunctive | present | go ndearga mé; go ndeargad† |
go ndearga tú; go ndeargair† |
go ndearga sé, sí | go ndeargaimid; go ndearga muid |
go ndearga sibh | go ndearga siad; go ndeargaid† |
— | go ndeargtar |
past | dá ndeargainn | dá ndeargtá | dá ndeargadh sé, sí | dá ndeargaimis; dá ndeargadh muid |
dá ndeargadh sibh | dá ndeargaidís; dá ndeargadh siad |
— | dá ndeargtaí | |
imperative | deargaim | dearg | deargadh sé, sí | deargaimis | deargaigí; deargaidh† |
deargaidís | — | deargtar | |
verbal noun | deargadh | ||||||||
past participle | deargtha |
* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
‡‡ Dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Mutation
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
dearg | dhearg | ndearg |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
See also
Colors in Irish · dathanna (layout · text) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
bán | liath | dubh | ||
dearg; corcairdhearg | oráiste; donn | buí; bánbhuí | ||
glas | ||||
cian | gormghlas | gorm | ||
indeagó | maigeanta; corcra | bándearg |
References
- (adjective): C. Marstrander, E. G. Quin et al., editors (1913–76), “derg”, in Dictionary of the Irish Language: Based Mainly on Old and Middle Irish Materials, Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, →ISBN
- (verb): C. Marstrander, E. G. Quin et al., editors (1913–76), “dergaid”, in Dictionary of the Irish Language: Based Mainly on Old and Middle Irish Materials, Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, →ISBN
- (adjective): “dearg” in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 2nd ed., 1927, by Patrick S. Dinneen.
- (verb): “deargaim” in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 2nd ed., 1927, by Patrick S. Dinneen.
- "dearg" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
- Entries containing “dearg” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “dearg” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
From Old Irish derg, from Proto-Celtic *dergos (“red, crimson”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰerg- (“to dim, darken”); compare Old English deorc (“dark”) and Tocharian A tärkär/B tarkär (“cloud”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtʲɛrɛk/
Adjective
dearg (genitive singular masculine deirg, genitive singular feminine deirge, nominative plural dearga, comparative deirge)
Declension
Case | Masculine singular | Feminine singular | Plural |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | dearg | dhearg | dearga |
Vocative | dheirg | dhearg | dearga |
Genitive | dheirg | dheirg/deirge | dearga |
Dative | dearg | dheirg | dearga |
Derived terms
- brù-dhearg (“robin redbreast”)
- deocan-dearga (“red clover”)
- fiabhras-dearg (“scarlet fever”)
- fo-dhearg (“infrared”)
See also
Colors in Scottish Gaelic · dathan (layout · text) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
bàn | glas | dubh | ||
dearg; ruadh | orainds; donn | buidhe; donn | ||
uaine | uaine | gorm; gorm | ||
liath; glas | liath | gorm | ||
purpaidh; guirmean | pinc; purpaidh | pinc |
Mutation
Scottish Gaelic mutation | |
---|---|
Radical | Lenition |
dearg | dhearg |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
- Faclair Gàidhlig Dwelly Air Loidhne, Dwelly, Edward (1911), Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan/The Illustrated [Scottish] Gaelic-English Dictionary (10th ed.), Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
- C. Marstrander, E. G. Quin et al., editors (1913–76), “derg”, in Dictionary of the Irish Language: Based Mainly on Old and Middle Irish Materials, Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, →ISBN