< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sivъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śī́ˀwas, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱih₁-wó-.
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian šývas (“light grey”), Old Prussian sijwan (“grey”).
Indo-European cognates include Old English hǣwе (“light blue, purple, grey, green”) from Proto-Germanic *haiwina-, Avestan 𐬯𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀 (siiāuua), Sanskrit श्याव (śyāvá, “dark, dark brown”) (with e-grade stem).
Inflection
Accent paradigm a.
Indefinite declension of *sivъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *sivъ | *siva | *sivo |
| Accusative | *sivъ | *sivǫ | *sivo |
| Genitive | *siva | *sivy | *siva |
| Locative | *sivě | *sivě | *sivě |
| Dative | *sivu | *sivě | *sivu |
| Instrumental | *sivomь | *sivojǫ | *sivomь |
| Vocative | *sive | *sivo | *sivo |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *siva | *sivě | *sivě |
| Accusative | *siva | *sivě | *sivě |
| Genitive | *sivu | *sivu | *sivu |
| Locative | *sivu | *sivu | *sivu |
| Dative | *sivoma | *sivama | *sivoma |
| Instrumental | *sivoma | *sivama | *sivoma |
| Vocative | *siva | *sivě | *sivě |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *sivi | *sivy | *siva |
| Accusative | *sivy | *sivy | *siva |
| Genitive | *sivъ | *sivъ | *sivъ |
| Locative | *sivěxъ | *sivaxъ | *sivěxъ |
| Dative | *sivomъ | *sivamъ | *sivomъ |
| Instrumental | *sivy | *sivami | *sivy |
| Vocative | *sivi | *sivy | *siva |
Definite declension of *sivъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *sivъjь | *sivaja | *sivoje |
| Accusative | *sivъjь | *sivǫjǫ | *sivoje |
| Genitive | *sivajego | *sivyję | *sivajego |
| Locative | *sivějemь | *sivěji | *sivějemь |
| Dative | *sivujemu | *sivěji | *sivujemu |
| Instrumental | *sivyjimi | *sivǫjǫ | *sivyjimi |
| Vocative | *sivъjь | *sivaja | *sivoje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *sivaja | *sivěji | *sivěji |
| Accusative | *sivaja | *sivěji | *sivěji |
| Genitive | *sivuju | *sivuju | *sivuju |
| Locative | *sivuju | *sivuju | *sivuju |
| Dative | *sivyjima | *sivyjima | *sivyjima |
| Instrumental | *sivyjima | *sivyjima | *sivyjima |
| Vocative | *sivaja | *sivěji | *sivěji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *siviji | *sivyję | *sivaja |
| Accusative | *sivyję | *sivyję | *sivaja |
| Genitive | *sivъjixъ | *sivъjixъ | *sivъjixъ |
| Locative | *sivyjixъ | *sivyjixъ | *sivyjixъ |
| Dative | *sivyjimъ | *sivyjimъ | *sivyjimъ |
| Instrumental | *sivyjimi | *sivyjimi | *sivyjimi |
| Vocative | *siviji | *sivyję | *sivaja |
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: sivý
- Kashubian: sëwi
- Polabian: saivĕ
- Polish: siwy
- Slovak: sivý
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: sywy (“grey, watery”)
See also
| Colors in Proto-Slavic · *květi (layout · text) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| *bělъ (of animals) *bronъ |
*sivъ, *śěrъ | *čьrnъ (of animals) *vornъ | ||
| *čьrvenъ, *rudъ | *granivъ ; *smědъ, *snědъ, *rudъ (of animals) *gnědъ |
*žьltъ (of animals) *solvъ ; *polvъ | ||
| *zelenъ | *zelenъ, *grěnъ | |||
| *polvъ | *modrъ, *siňь | |||
| *bagrъ | ||||
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 451
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “сивый”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
- Skok, Petar (1973) Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika (in Serbo-Croatian), volume 3, Zagreb: JAZU, page 246
- Melʹnyčuk O. S., editor (2006), “сивий”, in Etymolohičnyj slovnyk ukrajinsʹkoji movy [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 5, Kiev: Naukova Dumka, page 224
- Comrie, Bernard and Cordett, Creville C. The Slavonic Languages. 1993.
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