2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries

The 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries and caucuses are a series of electoral contests organized by the Democratic Party to select the approximately 3,979[lower-alpha 1] pledged delegates to the 2020 Democratic National Convention. Those delegates will elect the Democratic nominee for president of the United States in the 2020 U.S. presidential election.[4] If a candidate amasses at least 1,991[5][6] pledged delegates by the DNC convention in August (formerly July),[7] they will be the nominee. The elections are taking place from February to August 2020 in all fifty U.S. states, the District of Columbia, five U.S. territories, and among Democrats Abroad.

2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries
February 3 to August 11, 2020
 
Candidate Joe Biden Bernie Sanders Elizabeth Warren
Home state Delaware Vermont Massachusetts
Estimated delegate count 1,305[2] 939[2] 81[2]
Contests won 22 9 0
Popular vote 10,785,972[3] 8,074,761[3] 2,505,929[3]
Percentage 41.57% 31.12% 9.66%
 
Candidate Michael Bloomberg Pete Buttigieg Amy Klobuchar
Home state New York Indiana Minnesota
Estimated delegate count 55[2] 26[2] 7[2]
Contests won 1 1 0
Popular vote 2,444,637[3] 838,807[3] 491,550[3]
Percentage 9.42% 3.23% 1.89%
 
Candidate Tulsi Gabbard
Home state Hawaii
Estimated delegate count 2[2]
Contests won 0
Popular vote 171,221[3]
Percentage 0.66%
Previous Democratic nominee

Hillary Clinton

 Presumptive Democratic nominee

Joe Biden


2020 U.S. presidential election
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2020
This article is part of
a series about
Joe Biden
U.S. Senator from Delaware
Presidential campaigns
  • 1988
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Vice presidential campaigns

Independent of the result of primaries and caucuses, the Democratic Party will, from its group of party leaders and elected officials, also appoint 771[lower-alpha 2] unpledged delegates (superdelegates) to participate in its national convention. In contrast to all previous election cycles since superdelegates were introduced in 1984, superdelegates will no longer have the right to cast decisive votes at the convention's first ballot for the presidential nomination. They will be allowed to cast non-decisive votes if a candidate has clinched the nomination before the first ballot, or decisive votes on subsequent ballots in a contested convention.[4][8][9]

Overall, there were 29 major Democratic presidential candidates in the 2020 election, and for six weeks around July 2019, 25 of these had active campaigns simultaneously. On April 8, 2020, former Vice President Joe Biden became the presumptive nominee after Senator Bernie Sanders, the only other major candidate left, suspended his campaign.[10] Sanders endorsed Biden a few days later.[11]

Background

After Hillary Clinton's loss in the previous election, many felt the Democratic Party lacked a clear leading figure.[12] Divisions remained in the party following the 2016 primaries, which pitted Clinton against Bernie Sanders.[13][14] Between the 2016 election and the 2018 midterm elections, Senate Democrats generally shifted to the political left in relation to college tuition, healthcare, and immigration.[15][16] The 2018 elections saw the Democratic Party regain the House of Representatives for the first time in eight years, picking up seats in both urban and suburban districts.[17][18]

The 2020 field of Democratic presidential candidates peaked at more than two dozen major candidates.[19] According to Politifact, this field is believed to be the largest field of presidential candidates for any American political party since 1972;[lower-alpha 3] it exceeds the field of 17 major candidates who sought the Republican presidential nomination in 2016.[21] In May 2019, CBS News referred to the field of 2020 Democratic presidential candidates as "the largest and most diverse Democratic primary field in modern history", including six major female presidential candidates and seven major candidates of African, Hispanic, Asian, or Pacific Islander ancestry.[22]

Reforms since 2016

On August 25, 2018, the Democratic National Committee (DNC) members passed reforms to the Democratic Party's primary process in order to increase participation[23] and ensure transparency.[24] State parties are encouraged to use a government-run primary whenever available and increase the accessibility of their primary through same-day or automatic registration and same-day party switching. Caucuses are required to have absentee voting, or to otherwise allow those who cannot participate in person to be included.[23]

The reforms mandate that automatic delegates ("superdelegates") refrain from voting on the first presidential nominating ballot, unless a candidate via the outcome of primaries and caucuses already has gained a majority of all delegates, including superedelegates.[25] In a contested convention where no majority of minimum pledged delegate votes is found for a single candidate on the first ballot, all superdelegates will then regain their right to vote on any subsequent ballot necessary in order for a presidential candidate to be nominated, wherein the number of votes required shall increase to a majority of pledged and superdelegates combined.[4] Superdelegates are not precluded from publicly endorsing a candidate of their choosing before the convention.

There were also a number of changes to the process of nomination at the state level. A decline in the number of caucuses occurred after 2016, with Democrats in Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Kansas, Maine, Minnesota, Nebraska, North Dakota, and Washington all switching from various forms of caucuses to primaries (with Hawaii, Kansas, and North Dakota switching to party-run "firehouse primaries"). This has resulted in the lowest number of caucuses in the Democratic Party's recent history, with only three states (Iowa, Nevada, and Wyoming) and four territories (American Samoa, Guam, Northern Marianas, and U.S. Virgin Islands) using them. In addition, six states were approved in 2019 by the DNC to use ranked-choice voting in the primaries: Alaska, Hawaii, Kansas, and Wyoming for all voters; Iowa and Nevada for absentee voters.[26] Rather than eliminating candidates until a single winner is chosen, voters' choices would be reallocated until all remaining candidates have at least 15%, the threshold to receive delegates to the convention.[27]

Several states which did not use paper ballots widely in 2016 and 2018, adopted them for the 2020 primary and general elections,[28] to minimize potential interference in vote tallies, a concern raised by intelligence officials,[29] election officials[30] and the public.[31] The move to paper ballots enabled audits to start where they had not been possible before, and in 2020 about half the states audit samples of primary ballots to measure accuracy of the reported results.[32] Audits of caucus results depend on party rules, and the Iowa Democratic party investigated inaccuracies in precinct reports, resolved enough to be sure the delegate allocations were correct, and decided it did not have authority or time to correct all errors.[33][34][35]

Rules for number of delegates

Number of pledged delegates per state

The number of pledged delegates from each state is proportional to the state's share of the electoral college, and to the state's past Democratic votes for president.[36][37] Thus less weight is given to swing states and Republican states, while more weight is given to strongly Democratic states, in choosing a nominee.

Six pledged delegates are assigned to each territory, 44 to Puerto Rico, and 12 to Democrats Abroad. Each jurisdiction can also earn bonus delegates by holding primaries after March or in clusters of 3 or more neighboring states.[36]

Within states, a quarter of pledged delegates are allocated to candidates based on statewide vote totals, and the rest based on votes in each Congressional District, though some states use divisions other than congressional districts. For example, Texas uses state Senate districts.[38][36] Districts which have voted Democratic in the past get more delegates, and fewer delegates are allocated for swing districts and Republican districts.[36] For example, House Speaker Pelosi's strongly Democratic district 12 has 7 delegates, or one per 109,000 people, and a swing district, CA-10, which became Democratic in 2018, has 4 delegates, or one per 190,000 people.[39][40][41]

Candidate threshold

Candidates who get under 15% of the votes in a state or district get no delegates from that area. Candidates who get 15% or more of the votes divide delegates in proportion to their votes.[39][42] These rules apply at the state level to state delegates and within each district for those delegates. The 15% threshold was established in 1992[43] to limit "fringe" candidates.[44] The threshold now means that any sector of the party (moderate, progressive, etc.) which produces many candidates, thus dividing supporters' votes, may win few delegates, even if it wins a majority of votes.[44][45][43]

Schedule and results
Date
(daily totals)		 Total pledged
delegates		 Contest Delegates won and popular vote[46]
Joe Biden Bernie Sanders Elizabeth Warren Michael Bloomberg Pete Buttigieg Amy Klobuchar Tulsi Gabbard
February 3 41 Iowa 6
23,291 (13.7%)		 12
45,652 (26.5%)		 8
34,909 (20.3%)		 14
43,209 (25.1%)		 1
21,100 (12.2%)
16 (0.0%)
February 11 24 New Hampshire
24,911 (8.4%)		 9
76,352 (25.6%)
27,427 (9.2%)
4,777 (1.6%)		 9
72,445 (24.3%)		 6
58,774 (19.7%)
9,655 (3.3%)
February 22 36 Nevada 9
19,179 (18.9%)		 24
41,075 (40.5%)
11,703 (11.5%)		 3
17,598 (17.3%)
7,376 (7.3%)
32 (0.0%)
February 29 54 South Carolina 39
262,336 (48.7%)		 15
106,605 (19.8%)
38,120 (7.1%)
44,217 (8.2%)
16,900 (3.1%)
6,813 (1.3%)
March 3
(Super Tuesday)
(1,344)		 52 Alabama 44
286,630 (63.2%)		 8
75,326 (16.6%)
26,125 (5.8%)
52,844 (11.6%)
1,466 (0.3%)
914 (0.2%)
1,067 (0.2%)
6 American Samoa
31 (8.8%)
37 (10.5%)
5 (1.4%)		 4
175 (49.9%)		 2
103 (29.3%)
31 Arkansas 17
92,586 (40.5%)		 9
51,117 (22.4%)
22,860 (10.0%)		 5
38,213 (16.7%)
7,657 (3.4%)
7,014 (3.1%)
1,616 (0.7%)
415 California[lower-alpha 4] 172
1,567,898 (28.0%)		 221
1,987,339 (35.5%)		 12
745,409 (13.3%)		 9
687,364 (12.3%)
246,972 (4.4%)
125,827 (2.2%)
32,861 (0.6%)
67 Colorado[lower-alpha 4] 18
232,183 (24.7%)		 25
346,766 (36.8%)		 8
165,677 (17.6%)		 9
175,665 (18.7%)
9,853 (1.0%)
24 Maine 11
68,396 (34.1%)		 9
65,894 (32.9%)		 4
31,514 (15.7%)
24,131 (12.0%)
4,180 (2.1%)
2,744 (1.4%)
1,841 (0.9%)
91 Massachusetts 37
470,294 (33.6%)		 29
373,173 (26.7%)		 25
299,733 (21.4%)
164,689 (11.8%)
37,172 (2.7%)
16,862 (1.2%)
10,616 (0.8%)
75 Minnesota 38
287,464 (38.6%)		 27
222,530 (29.9%)		 10
114,754 (15.4%)
62,064 (8.3%)
7,627 (1.0%)
41,508 (5.6%)
2,507 (0.3%)
110 North Carolina 68
568,581 (43.0%)		 37
318,872 (24.1%)		 2
138,502 (10.5%)		 3
171,823 (13.0%)
43,368 (3.3%)
30,641 (2.3%)
6,649 (0.5%)
37 Oklahoma 21
117,552 (38.7%)		 13
77,302 (25.4%)		 1
40,676 (13.4%)		 2
42,243 (13.9%)
5,113 (1.7%)
6,728 (2.2%)
5,106 (1.7%)
64 Tennessee 33
215,390 (41.7%)		 20
129,168 (25.0%)		 1
53,732 (10.4%)		 10
79,789 (15.5%)
17,102 (3.3%)
10,671 (2.1%)
2,278 (0.4%)
228 Texas 111
725,562 (34.6%)		 102
626,339 (29.9%)		 5
239,237 (11.4%)		 10
300,608 (14.4%)
82,671 (4.0%)
43,291 (2.1%)
8,688 (0.4%)
29 Utah 7
38,999 (18.5%)		 16
74,478 (35.3%)		 3
34,398 (16.3%)		 3
33,262 (15.8%)
18,543 (8.8%)
7,519 (3.6%)
1,621 (0.8%)
16 Vermont 5
34,734 (22.0%)		 11
80,121 (50.8%)
19,816 (12.6%)
14,843 (9.4%)
3,714 (2.4%)
2,023 (1.3%)
1,298 (0.8%)
99 Virginia 66
705,800 (53.2%)		 31
306,024 (23.1%)		 2
142,470 (10.7%)
129,784 (9.8%)
11,190 (0.8%)
8,413 (0.6%)
11,279 (0.9%)
March 3–10 13 Democrats Abroad 4
9,059 (22.7%)		 9
23,139 (57.9%)
5,730 (14.3%)[lower-alpha 5]
892 (2.2%)[lower-alpha 6]
616 (1.5%)
224 (0.6%)
146 (0.4%)
March 10
(352)		 20 Idaho 11
52,679 (48.9%)		 9
45,815 (42.5%)
2,865 (2.7%)
2,589 (2.4%)
1,405 (1.3%)
769 (0.7%)
868 (0.8%)
125 Michigan 73
838,564 (52.9%)		 52
576,916 (36.4%)
26,051 (1.6%)
73,175 (4.6%)
22,374 (1.4%)
10,969 (0.7%)
9,461 (0.6%)
36 Mississippi 34
222,160 (81.0%)		 2
40,657 (14.8%)
1,550 (0.6%)
6,933 (2.5%)
562 (0.2%)
440 (0.2%)
1,003 (0.4%)
68 Missouri 44
399,439 (60.1%)		 24
229,638 (34.6%)
8,115 (1.2%)
9,853 (1.5%)
3,301 (0.5%)
2,677 (0.4%)
4,879 (0.7%)
14 North Dakota 6
5,742 (39.8%)		 8
7,682 (53.3%)
366 (2.5%)
113 (0.8%)
164 (1.1%)
223 (1.5%)
89 (0.6%)
89 Washington 46
591,403 (37.9%)		 43
570,039 (36.6%)
142,652 (9.2%)
122,530 (7.9%)
63,344 (4.1%)
33,383 (2.1%)
13,199 (0.9%)
March 14 6 Northern Mariana Islands 2
48 (36.4%)		 4
84 (63.6%)
March 17
(441)		 67 Arizona 39
260,608 (44.4%)		 28
193,448 (32.9%)
35,353 (6.0%)
54,123 (9.2%)
24,782 (4.2%)
9,447 (1.6%)
2,934 (0.5%)
219 Florida 162
1,075,807 (61.9%)		 57
396,506 (22.8%)
32,805 (1.9%)
146,446 (8.4%)
39,870 (2.3%)
17,267 (1.0%)
8,708 (0.5%)
155 Illinois[lower-alpha 4] 94
924,771 (59.0%)		 60
565,762 (36.1%)
22,067 (1.4%)
23,809 (1.5%)
9,080 (0.6%)
0 (0%)
9,118 (0.6%)
April 7 84 Wisconsin 65
581,611 (62.9%)		 19
293,652 (31.8%)
14,055 (1.5%)
8,965 (1.0%)
4,992 (0.5%)
6,063 (0.7%)
5,661 (0.6%)
April 10 15 Alaska[lower-alpha 7] 11
10,834 (55.3%)		 4
8,755 (44.7%)
0 (0%)
0 (0%)
April 17 14 Wyoming[lower-alpha 8] 12
10,912 (72.2%)		 2
4,206 (27.8%)
April 28 136 Ohio[lower-alpha 9]
May 2
(46)		 7 Guam
39 Kansas[lower-alpha 10]
May 12 29 Nebraska
May 19 61 Oregon
May 22 24 Hawaii[lower-alpha 11]
June 2
(500)
21 Delaware
20 District of Columbia
82 Indiana
96 Maryland
19 Montana
34 New Mexico
186 Pennsylvania
26 Rhode Island
16 South Dakota
June 6 7 US Virgin Islands
June 9
(133)		 105 Georgia
28 West Virginia
June 23
(328)		 54 Kentucky
274 New York
July 7 126 New Jersey
July 11 54 Louisiana
August 11 60 Connecticut
TBA 51 Puerto Rico -
Total
3,979 pledged delegates		 1,305 939 81 55 26 7 2

Election day postponements

  February   March 3 (Super Tuesday)   March 10   March 14–17   March 24–29   April 4–7   April 28   May   June

  February   March 3 (Super Tuesday)   March 10   March 14–17   April 7–17   April 26–28   May   June–August

Due to the 2020 coronavirus pandemic in the United States, a number of presidential primaries were rescheduled. Some have also cancelled in-person voting entirely.

2020 Democratic primaries altered due to coronavirus
Primary Original
schedule		 Altered
schedule		 Vote in
person?		 Last
changed		 Ref.
Ohio March 17 April 28[lower-alpha 12] Cancelled March 25 [52][53]
Georgia March 24 June 9 Scheduled April 9 [54][55]
Puerto Rico March 29 TBD[lower-alpha 13] TBA April 2 [57] [56]
Alaska April 4 April 10[lower-alpha 14] Cancelled March 23 [58]
Wyoming April 4 April 17[lower-alpha 15] Cancelled March 22 [59]
Hawaii April 4 May 22[lower-alpha 16] Cancelled March 27 [60][61][62]
Louisiana April 4 July 11[lower-alpha 17] Scheduled April 14 [63][64]
Maryland April 28 June 2 Scheduled March 17 [65]
Connecticut April 28 August 11 Scheduled April 17 [66]
Rhode Island April 28 June 2 Scheduled March 23 [67]
Delaware April 28 June 2 Scheduled March 24 [68]
Pennsylvania April 28 June 2 Scheduled March 27 [69]
New York April 28 June 23 Scheduled March 28 [70]
Kansas May 2 May 2[lower-alpha 18] Cancelled March 30 [71]
Indiana May 5 June 2 Scheduled March 20 [72]
West Virginia May 12 June 9 Scheduled April 1 [73]
Kentucky May 19 June 23 Scheduled March 16 [74]
New Jersey June 2 July 7 Scheduled April 8 [75]

In addition, the DNC elected to delay the 2020 Democratic National Convention from July 13–16 to August 17–20.[76]

Candidates

Major candidates in the 2020 Democratic presidential primaries have either: (a) served as vice president, a member of the cabinet, a U.S. senator, a U.S. representative, or a governor, (b) been included in a minimum of five independent national polls, or (c) received substantial media coverage. As of April 8, 2020, one major candidate is still in the race.

Nearly 300 candidates who did not meet the criteria to be deemed "major" also filed with the Federal Election Commission to run for president in the Democratic Party primary.[77]

Presumptive nominee

Candidate Born Experience State Campaign announced Pledged delegates[78] Popular vote[79] Contests won Article Ref.

Joe Biden		 November 20, 1942
(age 77)
Scranton, Pennsylvania		Vice President of the United States (2009–2017)
U.S. senator from Delaware (1973–2009)
Candidate for President in 1988 and 2008
Delaware		 April 25, 2019 1,305 10,785,972
(41.57%)		 22
(AK, AL, AZ, AR, FL, ID, IL, ME, MA, MI, MN, MS, MO, NC, OK, SC, TN, TX, VA, WA, WI, WY)
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [80]

Withdrew during the primaries

Candidate Born Experience State Campaign announced Campaign suspended Delegates won[78] Popular vote Contests won Article Ref.

Bernie Sanders		 September 8, 1941
(age 78)
Brooklyn, New York		U.S. senator from Vermont (2007–present)
U.S. representative from VT-AL (1991–2007)
Candidate for President in 2016		  Vermont February 19, 2019 April 8, 2020
(endorsed Biden)[81]		 939 8,074,761
(31.12%)		 9
(CA, CO, DA, NV, NH, ND, MP, UT, VT)
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [82][83]

Tulsi Gabbard		 April 12, 1981
(age 39)
Leloaloa, American Samoa		U.S. representative from HI-02 (2013–present)  Hawaii January 11, 2019 March 19, 2020
(endorsed Biden)[84]		 2 171,221
(0.66%)		 0
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [85][86]

Elizabeth Warren		 June 22, 1949
(age 70)
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma		U.S. senator from Massachusetts (2013–present)  Massachusetts February 9, 2019
Exploratory committee: December 31, 2018		 March 5, 2020
(endorsed Biden)[87]		 81 2,505,929[79]
(9.66%)		 0
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [88][89]

Michael Bloomberg		 February 14, 1942
(age 78)
Boston, Massachusetts		 Mayor of New York City, New York (2002–2013)
CEO of Bloomberg L.P.		  New York November 24, 2019
Exploratory committee: November 21, 2019		 March 4, 2020
(endorsed Biden)[90]		 55 2,444,637[79]
(9.42%)		 1
(AS)
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [91][92]

Amy Klobuchar		 May 25, 1960
(age 59)
Plymouth, Minnesota		 U.S. senator from Minnesota (2007–present)  Minnesota February 10, 2019 March 2, 2020
(endorsed Biden)[93]		 7 491,550[79]
(1.89%)		 0
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [94][93]

Pete Buttigieg		 January 19, 1982
(age 38)
South Bend, Indiana		 Mayor of South Bend, Indiana (2012–2020)  Indiana April 14, 2019
Exploratory committee: January 23, 2019		 March 1, 2020
(endorsed Biden)[95]		 26 838,807[79]
(3.23%)		 1
(IA)
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [96][97]

Tom Steyer		 June 27, 1957
(age 62)
Manhattan, New York		 Hedge fund manager
Founder of Farallon Capital and Beneficial State Bank		  California July 9, 2019 February 29, 2020
(endorsed Biden)[98]		 0 246,981[79]
(0.95%)		 0
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [99][100]

Deval Patrick		 July 31, 1956
(age 63)
Chicago, Illinois		 Governor of Massachusetts (2007–2015)  Massachusetts November 14, 2019 February 12, 2020
(endorsed Biden)[101]		 0 18,707
(0.07%)		 0
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [102][103]

Michael Bennet		 November 28, 1964
(age 55)
New Delhi, India		 U.S. senator from Colorado (2009–present)  Colorado May 2, 2019 February 11, 2020
(endorsed Biden)[104]		 0 40,342
(0.16%)		 0
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [105][106]

Andrew Yang		 January 13, 1975
(age 45)
Schenectady, New York		 Entrepreneur
Founder of Venture for America		  New York November 6, 2017 February 11, 2020
(endorsed Biden)[107]		 0 108,114
(0.42%)		 0
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [108][109]

Other notable individuals who did not meet the criteria to become major candidates also terminated their campaigns during the primaries:

Other notable individuals who did not meet the criteria to become major candidates but still have active campaigns include:

Withdrew before the primaries

Candidate Born Experience State Campaign
announced		 Campaign
suspended		 Popular vote Article Ref.

John Delaney		 April 16, 1963
(age 57)
Wood-Ridge, New Jersey		U.S. representative from MD-06 (2013–2019) Maryland July 28, 2017 January 31, 2020
(endorsed Biden)[114]		 16,239
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [115][116]

Cory Booker		 April 27, 1969
(age 50)
Washington, D.C.		U.S. senator from New Jersey (2013–present)
Mayor of Newark, New Jersey (2006–2013)		 New Jersey February 1, 2019 January 13, 2020
(running for re-election)[117]
(endorsed Biden)[118]		 29,231
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [119][120]

Marianne Williamson		 July 8, 1952
(age 67)
Houston, Texas		Author
Founder of Project Angel Food
Independent candidate for U.S. House from CA-33 in 2014		 CaliforniaJanuary 28, 2019
Exploratory committee:
November 15, 2018		 January 10, 2020
(endorsed Sanders)[121]		 21,417
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [122][123]

Julián Castro		 September 16, 1974
(age 45)
San Antonio, Texas		Secretary of Housing and Urban Development (2014–2017)
Mayor of San Antonio, Texas (2009–2014)		 Texas January 12, 2019
Exploratory committee: December 12, 2018		 January 2, 2020
(endorsed Warren, then Biden)[124][125]		 36,245
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [126][127]

Kamala Harris		 October 20, 1964
(age 55)
Oakland, California		U.S. senator from California (2017–present)
Attorney General of California (2011–2017)		 California January 21, 2019 December 3, 2019
(endorsed Biden)[128]		 844
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [129][130]

Steve Bullock		 April 11, 1966
(age 54)
Missoula, Montana		 Governor of Montana (2013–present)
Attorney General of Montana (2009–2013)		  Montana May 14, 2019 December 2, 2019
(running for U.S. Senate)[131]		 549
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [132][133]

Joe Sestak		 December 12, 1951
(age 68)
Secane, Pennsylvania		 U.S. representative from PA-07 (2007–2011)
Former Vice Admiral of the United States Navy		  Pennsylvania June 23, 2019 December 1, 2019
(endorsed Klobuchar)[134]		 5,251 Campaign
FEC filing		 [135][136]

Wayne Messam		 June 7, 1974
(age 45)
South Bay, Florida		 Mayor of Miramar, Florida (2015–present)  Florida March 28, 2019
Exploratory committee: March 13, 2019		 November 19, 2019 0[lower-alpha 19]
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [137][138]

Beto O'Rourke		 September 26, 1972
(age 47)
El Paso, Texas		U.S. representative from TX-16 (2013–2019)  TexasMarch 14, 2019 November 1, 2019
(endorsed Biden)[139]		 1[lower-alpha 19][140]
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [141][142]

Tim Ryan		 July 16, 1973
(age 46)
Niles, Ohio		U.S. representative from OH-13 (2013–present)
U.S. representative from OH-17 (2003–2013)		  Ohio April 4, 2019 October 24, 2019
(running for re-election)[143]
(endorsed Biden)[144]		 0[lower-alpha 19]
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [145][146]

Bill de Blasio		 May 8, 1961
(age 58)
Manhattan, New York		Mayor of New York City, New York (2014–present) New York May 16, 2019 September 20, 2019
(endorsed Sanders)[147]		 0[lower-alpha 19]
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [148][149]

Kirsten Gillibrand		 December 9, 1966
(age 53)
Albany, New York		 U.S. senator from New York (2009–present)
U.S. representative from NY-20 (2007–2009)		  New York March 17, 2019
Exploratory committee: January 15, 2019		 August 28, 2019
(endorsed Biden)[150]		 0[lower-alpha 19]
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [151][152]

Seth Moulton		 October 24, 1978
(age 41)
Salem, Massachusetts		 U.S. representative from MA-06 (2015–present)  Massachusetts April 22, 2019 August 23, 2019
(running for re-election)[153]
(endorsed Biden)[154]		 0[lower-alpha 19]
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [155][156]

Jay Inslee		 February 9, 1951
(age 69)
Seattle, Washington		Governor of Washington (2013–present)
U.S. representative from WA-01 (1999–2012)
U.S. representative from WA-04 (1993–1995)		  Washington March 1, 2019 August 21, 2019
(running for re-election)[157]
(endorsed Biden)[158]		 1[lower-alpha 19][159]
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [160][161]

John Hickenlooper		 February 7, 1952
(age 68)
Narberth, Pennsylvania		 Governor of Colorado (2011–2019)
Mayor of Denver, Colorado (2003–2011)		  Colorado March 4, 2019 August 15, 2019
(running for U.S. Senate)[162]
(endorsed Bennet)[163]		 1[lower-alpha 19][159]
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [164][165]

Mike Gravel		 May 13, 1930
(age 89)
Springfield, Massachusetts		U.S. senator from Alaska (1969–1981)
Candidate for President in 2008
Candidate for Vice President in 1972		  CaliforniaApril 2, 2019
Exploratory committee: March 19, 2019		August 6, 2019
(endorsed Gabbard and Sanders)[166]		 0[lower-alpha 19]
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [167][166]

Eric Swalwell		 November 16, 1980
(age 39)
Sac City, Iowa		U.S. representative from CA-15 (2013–present)  California April 8, 2019July 8, 2019
(running for re-election)[168]		 0[lower-alpha 19]
__________
Campaign
FEC filing		 [169][170]

Richard Ojeda		 September 25, 1970
(age 49)
Rochester, Minnesota		 West Virginia state senator from WV-SD07 (2016–2019)  West Virginia November 11, 2018 January 25, 2019
(running for U.S. Senate)[171]		 0[lower-alpha 19]

Campaign
FEC filing

 [172][173]

The following notable individuals who did not meet the criteria to become major candidates also terminated their campaigns before the primaries:

Political positions

Debates and forums

In December 2018, the Democratic National Committee (DNC) announced the preliminary schedule for 12 official DNC-sanctioned debates, set to begin in June 2019, with six debates in 2019 and the remaining six during the first four months of 2020. Candidates are allowed to participate in forums featuring multiple other candidates as long as only one candidate appears on stage at a time; if candidates participate in any unsanctioned debate with other presidential candidates, they will lose their invitation to the next DNC-sanctioned debate.[182][183]

The DNC also announced that it would not partner with Fox News as a media sponsor for any debates.[184][185] Fox News had last held a Democratic debate in 2003.[186] All media sponsors selected to host a debate will as a new rule be required to appoint at least one female moderator for each debate, to ensure there will not be a gender-skewed treatment of the candidates and debate topics.[187]

Debate schedule
Debate Date Time
(ET)		 Viewers Location Sponsor(s) Moderator(s)
1A June 26, 2019 9–11 p.m. ~24.3 million
(15.3m live TV; 9m streaming)[188]		 Arsht Center,
Miami, Florida[189]		 NBC News
MSNBC
Telemundo		 Jose Diaz-Balart
Savannah Guthrie
Lester Holt
Rachel Maddow
Chuck Todd[190]
1B June 27, 2019 9–11 p.m. ~27.1 million
(18.1m live TV; 9m streaming)[191]
2A July 30, 2019 8–10:30 p.m. ~11.5 million
(8.7m live TV; 2.8m streaming)		 Fox Theatre,
Detroit, Michigan[192]		 CNN Dana Bash
Don Lemon
Jake Tapper[193]
2B July 31, 2019[194] 8–10:30 p.m. ~13.8 million
(10.7m live TV; 3.1m streaming)[195]
3 September 12, 2019 8–11 p.m. 14.04 million live TV[196] Health and Physical Education Arena,
Texas Southern University,
Houston, Texas[197]		 ABC News
Univision		 Linsey Davis
David Muir
Jorge Ramos
George Stephanopoulos[198]
4 October 15, 2019[199] 8–11 p.m. ~8.8 million
(8.34m live TV; 0.45m streaming)[200]		 Rike Physical Education Center,
Otterbein University,
Westerville, Ohio		 CNN
The New York Times[201]		 Erin Burnett
Anderson Cooper
Marc Lacey[202]
5 November 20, 2019[203] 9–11 p.m. ~7.9 million
(6.6m live TV; 1.3m streaming)[204]		 Oprah Winfrey sound stage,
Tyler Perry Studios,
Atlanta, Georgia[205]		 MSNBC
The Washington Post		 Rachel Maddow
Andrea Mitchell
Ashley Parker
Kristen Welker[206]
6 December 19, 2019 8–11 p.m.[207] ~14.6 million
(6.17m live TV; 8.4m streaming)[208]		 Gersten Pavilion,
Loyola Marymount University,
Los Angeles, California[209]		 PBS
Politico		 Tim Alberta
Yamiche Alcindor
Amna Nawaz
Judy Woodruff[210]
7 January 14, 2020 9–11:15 p.m.[211] ~11.3 million
(7.3m live TV; 4.0m streaming)[212]		 Sheslow Auditorium,
Drake University,
Des Moines, Iowa[213][214]		 CNN
The Des Moines Register		 Wolf Blitzer
Brianne Pfannenstiel
Abby Phillip[215]
8 February 7, 2020 8–10:30 p.m.[216] ~11.0 million
(7.8m live TV; 3.2m streaming)[217]		 Thomas F. Sullivan Arena,
Saint Anselm College,
Manchester, New Hampshire[213][218]		 ABC News
WMUR-TV
Apple News		 Linsey Davis
Monica Hernandez
David Muir
Adam Sexton
George Stephanopoulos[216]
9 February 19, 2020 9–11 p.m.[219] ~33.16 million
(19.66m live TV; 13.5m streaming)[220][221][222]		 Le Théâtre des Arts,
Paris Las Vegas,
Paradise, Nevada[219]		 NBC News
MSNBC
Telemundo
The Nevada Independent		 Vanessa Hauc
Lester Holt
Hallie Jackson
Jon Ralston
Chuck Todd[219]
10 February 25, 2020 8–10 p.m.[223] ~30.4 million
(15.3m live TV; 15.1m streaming)[224]		 Gaillard Center,
Charleston, South Carolina[213]		 CBS News
BET
Twitter
Congressional Black Caucus Institute[225]		 Margaret Brennan
Major Garrett
Gayle King
Norah O'Donnell
Bill Whitaker[225]
11 March 15, 2020 8–10 p.m.[226] ~11.4 million
(10.8m live TV; 0.6m streaming)[227]		 CNN studio
Washington, D.C.[228]		 CNN
Univision
Congressional Hispanic Caucus BOLD		 Dana Bash
Ilia Calderón
Jake Tapper[228]

Primary election polling

The following graph depicts the standing of each candidate in the poll aggregators from December 2018 to April 2020.

Polling aggregates
Active candidates
     Joe Biden
     Others/Undecided
Withdrawn candidates
     Bernie Sanders
     Tulsi Gabbard
     Elizabeth Warren
     Michael Bloomberg
     Amy Klobuchar
     Pete Buttigieg
     Andrew Yang
     Cory Booker
     Kamala Harris
     Beto O'Rourke
Events
     Debates
     Caucuses and primaries
     National coronavirus
emergency declared
Polling aggregates
Source of poll aggregation Date updated Dates polled Biden Sanders
(withdrawn)		 Undecided[lower-alpha 20]
270toWin Apr 25, 2020 Mar 18–Apr 8, 2020 [lower-alpha 21] 57.2% 36.6% –
FiveThirtyEight Apr 15, 2020 Mar 30–Apr 14, 2020 [lower-alpha 22] 54.1% – –
RealClear Politics Apr 9, 2020 Mar 24–Apr 7, 2020 60.3% 32.0% 7.7%
Average 57.2% – –

Timeline
Eric Swalwell 2020 presidential campaignKirsten Gillibrand 2020 presidential campaignBill de Blasio 2020 presidential campaignJulián Castro 2020 presidential campaignDeval Patrick 2020 presidential campaignTom Steyer 2020 presidential campaign
Presumptive
nominee
Exploratory
committee
Suspended
campaign
Midterm
elections
Iowa
caucuses
New Hampshire
primary
Super
Tuesday
National emergency
declared due to
coronavirus
Wisconsin primary
General
election

2017
Rep. John Delaney was the first major candidate to announce his campaign, two and a half years before the 2020 Iowa caucus.
Entrepreneur Andrew Yang was the second major Democratic candidate to announce his campaign.
Rep. Tulsi Gabbard became the first major female candidate to announce her candidacy on January 11, 2019.
Sen. Kamala Harris launched her bid on January 21, 2019.
Sen. Cory Booker launched his bid on February 1, 2019.
Sen. Elizabeth Warren launched her bid on February 9, 2019.
Sen. Amy Klobuchar launched her bid on February 10, 2019.
Sen. Bernie Sanders launched his second campaign on February 19, 2019.
Governor Jay Inslee launched his presidential bid on March 1, 2019, becoming the first incumbent governor to do so.
Former Rep. Beto O'Rourke launched his bid on March 14, 2019.
Mayor Pete Buttigieg launched his bid on April 14, 2019.

In the weeks following the election of Donald Trump in the 2016 election, media speculation regarding potential candidates for the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries began to circulate. As the Senate began confirmation hearings for members of the cabinet, speculation centered on the prospects of the "hell-no caucus", six senators who went on to vote against the majority of Trump's nominees. According to Politico, the members of the "hell-no caucus" were Cory Booker, Kamala Harris, Kirsten Gillibrand, Bernie Sanders, Jeff Merkley, and Elizabeth Warren.[229][230] Other speculation centered on then-Vice-President Joe Biden making a third presidential bid following failed attempts in 1988 and 2008.[231]

2018

In August 2018, Democratic Party officials and television networks began discussions as to the nature and scheduling of the following year's debates and the nomination process.[234] Changes were made to the role of superdelegates, deciding to allow them to vote on the first ballot only if the nomination is uncontested.[235] The Democratic National Committee (DNC) announced the preliminary schedule for the 12 official DNC-sanctioned debates, set to begin in June 2019, with six debates in 2019 and the remaining six during the first four months of 2020.

November 2018
  • November 6: The 2018 midterm elections were held. The election was widely characterized as a "blue wave" election. Mass canvassing, voter registration drives and deep engagement techniques drove turnout high. Despite this, eventual presidential candidates U.S. Representative Beto O'Rourke of Texas and State Senator Richard Ojeda of West Virginia both lost their respective races.[236]
  • November 11: Former state senator Richard Ojeda of West Virginia announced his candidacy.[237]

December 2018

2019
Former Vice President Joe Biden launched his third campaign on April 25, 2019.
Rep. Eric Swalwell became the first representative to suspend their campaign following the first debate on July 8, 2019.
Billionaire hedge fund manager Tom Steyer launched his campaign on July 9, 2019.
Former Governor John Hickenlooper suspended his campaign on August 15, 2019 and subsequently launched a bid for the United States Senate. He later endorsed Michael Bennet.
Kirsten Gillibrand became the first incumbent Senator and first female major candidate to suspend her campaign on August 28, 2019.
Mayor Bill de Blasio suspended his campaign on September 20, 2019 and endorsed Bernie Sanders after the New Hampshire primary.
Rep. Tim Ryan suspended his campaign on October 24, 2019 and subsequently endorsed Joe Biden.
Former Mayor Michael Bloomberg launched his campaign via video on November 24, 2019.
Governor Steve Bullock suspended his campaign and declined to run for the United States Senate on December 2, 2019. He later reversed his decision and challenged Senator Steve Daines after meeting with Barack Obama and Chuck Schumer.
Former HUD Secretary Julian Castro suspended his campaign on January 2, 2020 and subsequently endorsed Elizabeth Warren.
Spiritual author Marianne Williamson suspended her campaign on January 10, 2020 and subsequently endorsed Bernie Sanders.
Sen. Michael Bennet suspended his campaign on February 11, 2020, after the polls closed in the New Hampshire primary.
Former Governor Deval Patrick suspended his campaign on February 12, 2020, prior to the Nevada caucus.
Former Mayor Michael Bloomberg suspended his campaign on March 4, 2020 after a distant third place finish on Super Tuesday.

January 2019

February 2019
  • February 1: Senator Cory Booker of New Jersey announced his candidacy.[119]
  • February 9: Warren formally announced her candidacy at a rally in Lawrence, Massachusetts.[245]
  • February 10: Senator Amy Klobuchar of Minnesota announced her candidacy at a rally in Minneapolis, Minnesota.[94]
  • February 19: Senator Bernie Sanders of Vermont announced his candidacy via an email to supporters and appeared on Vermont Public Radio as well as CBS This Morning as part of his campaign launch.[246]

March 2019
  • March 1: Governor Jay Inslee of Washington announced his candidacy.[247]
  • March 4: Former governor John Hickenlooper of Colorado announced his candidacy.[248]
  • March 11: The DNC announced Milwaukee, Wisconsin, as the site of the 2020 Democratic National Convention.[249]
  • March 13: Mayor Wayne Messam of Miramar, Florida, formed an exploratory committee.[137]
  • March 14: Former Representative Beto O'Rourke of Texas announced his candidacy.[141]
  • March 17: Gillibrand formally announced her candidacy via an online video.[250]
  • March 19: An exploratory committee was formed on behalf of former Senator Mike Gravel of Alaska.[251]
  • March 28: Messam formally announced his candidacy in an online video.[137]

April 2019
  • April 1: The We the People Membership Summit was held in Warner Theatre, Washington, D.C. by the Center for Popular Democracy Action, Communications Workers of America, Planned Parenthood Action Fund, Service Employees International Union, SEIU 32BJ, Sierra Club. Issues like democracy reform were discussed.[252][253]
  • April 4: Representative Tim Ryan of Ohio announced his candidacy and appeared on The View as part of a campaign launch.[254]
  • April 8:
    • Mike Gravel formally announced his candidacy in an online video.[255]
    • Representative Eric Swalwell of California announced his candidacy during an interview on The Late Show with Stephen Colbert.[169]
  • April 14: Pete Buttigieg announced his candidacy at a rally in South Bend, Indiana.[96]
  • April 22: Representative Seth Moulton of Massachusetts announced his candidacy in an online video.[155]
  • April 24: The She the People Presidential Forum was held at Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas by She the People. Issues affecting women of color were discussed.[256][257]
  • April 25: Former Vice President Joe Biden of Delaware announced his candidacy in an online video.[80] Biden holds kickoff fundraiser at home of Comcast executive David Cohen.[258]
  • April 27: The National Forum on Wages and Working People: Creating an Economy that Works for All was held at Enclave, Las Vegas, Nevada by the Service Employees International Union and the Center for American Progress Action Fund. Economic issues affecting low-income Americans were discussed.[259][260]

May 2019

June 2019
  • June 1: The Big Ideas Forum was held at Warfield Theatre, San Francisco, California by MoveOn. Ideas that could inspire voters and transform the country were discussed.[264][265]
  • May 31 – June 2: The California State Democratic Convention, a major "cattle call" event attended by most major candidates, took place in San Francisco.[266][267]
  • June 9: Iowa Democrats' Hall of Fame Dinner, a "cattle call" event featuring 19 candidates, took place at the DoubleTree Hilton Hotel and Convention Center in Cedar Rapids, IA.[268]
  • June 13: The Democratic National Committee announced that 20 candidates will participate in the first official debate on June 26–27.[269]
  • June 17: The Poor People's Campaign Presidential Forum was held at Trinity Washington University, Washington, D.C. by Poor People's Campaign. Issues affecting low-income Americans were discussed.[270][271]
  • June 21: The NALEO Presidential Candidate Forum was held at Telemundo Center, Miami, Florida by the NALEO. Issues affecting Hispanic and Latino Americans were discussed.[272][273]
  • June 22:
  • June 26: The first part of the first official debate was held in Miami, Florida.[279]
  • June 27: The second part of the first official debate was held in Miami, Florida.[279]

July 2019
  • July 5: The Strong Public Schools Presidential Forum was held at the George R. Brown Convention Center, Houston, Texas by the National Education Association. Issues affecting education and public schools were discussed.[280][281]
  • July 8: Eric Swalwell dropped out of the race[170] and announced he would run for re-election to his seat in the House of Representatives in 2020.[282]
  • July 9: Billionaire hedge fund manager Tom Steyer announced his candidacy in an online video.[99]
  • July 15–17 and 19–20, 2019: The Iowa Presidential Candidate Forums were held in Des Moines, Davenport, Cedar Rapids, Sioux City, and Council Bluffs by AARP and The Des Moines Register. Issues affecting older voters in Iowa were discussed.[283]
  • July 24: The NAACP 2020 Presidential Candidates Forum was held in Detroit, Michigan.[284]
  • July 30: The first part of the second official debate was held in Detroit, Michigan.[285]
  • July 31: The second part of the second official debate was held in Detroit, Michigan.[286]

August 2019
  • August 3: The Public Service Forum was held at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, by AFSCME and the HuffPost. Public service, trade unions, labor rights, and the economy were discussed.[287]
  • August 6: Mike Gravel dropped out of the race.[166]
  • August 10: The Gun Sense Forum was held in Des Moines, Iowa by Everytown for Gun Safety and Moms Demand Action. Gun violence was discussed.[288]
  • August 15: John Hickenlooper dropped out of the race, later announcing a campaign for Colorado's Class 2 United States Senate seat up for election in 2020.[289]
  • August 8–11, August 13, and August 17, 2019: The Des Moines Register Political Soapbox was held at the Iowa State Fair, Des Moines, Iowa by the Des Moines Register. Attending candidates provided 20-minute speeches on their political platforms.[290]
  • August 19–20, 2019: The Frank LaMere Native American Presidential Forum was held at Orpheum Theater, Sioux City, Iowa by Four Directions, Native Organizers Alliance, National Congress of American Indians, Native American Rights Fund, Coalition of Large Tribes, and Great Plains Tribal Chairmen's Association.[291]
  • August 21: Jay Inslee dropped out of the race and announced a campaign for re-election as Governor of Washington in 2020.[161]
  • August 23: Seth Moulton dropped out of the race[156] and announced he would run for re-election to his seat in the House of Representatives in 2020.[282]
  • August 28: Kirsten Gillibrand dropped out of the race.[152]

September 2019
  • September 4: A Climate Crisis Town Hall was held by CNN at New York City, New York. Global warming was discussed.[292]
  • September 7: The New Hampshire Democratic Party State Convention was held at Southern New Hampshire University Arena in Manchester, New Hampshire. 19 candidates were in attendance and addressed the delegates and voters.[293]
  • September 12: The third official debate took place in Houston, Texas at Texas Southern University,[294] aired on ABC and Univision.[295]
  • September 17: The Workers' Presidential Summit was held at the Pennsylvania Convention Center in Philadelphia, PA by the Philadelphia Council AFL-CIO. Issues affecting labor unions and union workers were discussed.[296]
  • September 19–20: A Climate Forum was held at Gaston Hall, Georgetown University in Washington, D.C., sponsored by MSNBC, Georgetown University, and Our Daily Planet.[297]
  • September 20:
    • Bill de Blasio dropped out of the race.[149]
    • An LGBTQ forum was held in the Sinclair Auditorium at Coe College in Cedar Rapids, IA by One Iowa, The Advocate, and GLAAD. LGBTQ rights were discussed.[298]
  • September 21: The Iowa People's Presidential Forum was held at the Iowa Events Centre in Des Moines, Iowa by Iowa Citizens for Community Improvement Action Fund and People's Action. Healthcare, green energy and education were discussed.[299]
  • September 22: A Youth Forum was held in Des Moines, Iowa by Des Moines Public Schools and the Des Moines Register. Students and youth issues were discussed.[300]

October 2019
  • October 2: A Gun Safety Forum was held in Las Vegas, Nevada by Giffords and March for Our Lives. Gun violence was discussed.[301]
  • October 10: An LGBTQ Forum was held at The Novo in Los Angeles, California by the Human Rights Campaign and UCLA. LGBTQ rights were discussed.[302][303]
  • October 15: The fourth official debate took place at Otterbein University in Westerville, Ohio,[304][305] aired on CNN. The debate featured 12 candidates, setting a record for the highest number of candidates in one presidential debate.[306][307]
  • October 24: Tim Ryan dropped out of the race[308] and announced he would run for re-election to his seat in the House of Representatives in 2020.[143]
  • October 26–27: The Collegiate Bipartisan Presidential forum was held at Benedict College in Columbia, SC by Mayor Steve Benjamin and Benedict College. Students' interests, criminal justice reform and racial justice were discussed.[309]

November 2019
  • November 1:
    • Beto O'Rourke dropped out of the race.[142]
    • The Liberty and Justice Celebration was held at Wells Fargo Arena in Des Moines, IA by the Iowa Democratic Party. Candidates performed 12-minute speeches covering their political platforms.[310][311]
  • November 8: Former New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg prepared to enter the race by filing for ballot access in Alabama.[312]
  • November 14: Former Governor of Massachusetts Deval Patrick entered the race by announcing his candidacy.[102]
  • November 16: The California Democratic Party Fall Endorsing Convention Forum was held at Long Beach Arena, Long Beach, California by the California Democratic Party/Univision. Latino issues were discussed.[313]
  • November 17: The Nevada State Democratic Party's First In The West "cattle call" event was held at the Bellagio Hotel in Las Vegas, NV.[314]
  • November 19: Wayne Messam dropped out of the race.[315]
  • November 20: The fifth Democratic debate took place in Atlanta, Georgia at Tyler Perry Studios, co-hosted by MSNBC and The Washington Post.[316]
  • November 21: Michael Bloomberg formed an exploratory committee.[317]
  • November 24: Michael Bloomberg announced his candidacy with a website launch.[318]

December 2019
  • December 1: Joe Sestak dropped out of the race.[136]
  • December 2: Steve Bullock dropped out of the race.[133]
  • December 3: Kamala Harris dropped out of the race.[130]
  • December 7: The Teamsters Union Forum was held by the International Brotherhood of Teamsters, the Storm Lake Times and The Guardian at the Veteran's Auditorium in Cedar Rapids, IA. Workers' rights and the Teamsters three-point pledge were discussed.[319]
  • December 14: The Public Education Forum 2020 was held at the David L. Lawrence Convention Center in Pittsburgh, PA by the American Federation of Teachers, the National Educational Association and the Alliance to Reclaim Our Schools. Education was discussed.[320]
  • December 19: The sixth Democratic debate took place in Los Angeles, California, at Loyola Marymount University.[321]

2020

January 2020
  • January 2: Julián Castro dropped out of the race.[322] He later endorsed Elizabeth Warren's campaign.[124]
  • January 10: Marianne Williamson dropped out of the race.[123] She later endorsed Bernie Sanders' campaign.[121]
  • January 13: Cory Booker dropped out of the race.[323]
  • January 14: The seventh Democratic debate took place in Des Moines, Iowa, at Drake University.[213]
  • January 17: The first votes were cast as no-excuse, in-person absentee voting in the Minnesota primary began.[324]
  • January 31: John Delaney dropped out of the race.[325]

February 2020
  • February 3: The Iowa caucuses took place, but inconsistencies reported in the caucus results delay reporting of the outcome.[326][327]
  • February 4–7: Results were released in the Iowa caucuses. The reporting delays, errors, and inconsistencies surrounding the caucuses prompted DNC Chairman Tom Perez to call for a recanvass. As of February 18, 2020, Sanders won a plurality of first-instance and final votes, while the lead in state delegate equivalents was disputed between Sanders and Buttigieg.[328] Warren came in third, and Biden fourth.
  • February 7: The eighth Democratic debate took place in Goffstown, New Hampshire at St. Anselm College.[213]
  • February 11: New Hampshire primary
    • Bernie Sanders was announced as the winner of the New Hampshire primary, with 26% of the vote.[329] Buttigieg (24%, 2nd) and Klobuchar (20%, 3rd) were the only other candidates to receive delegates; Warren (9%, 4th) and Biden (8%, 5th) finished below the delegate threshold.[330]
    • Michael Bennet and Andrew Yang dropped out of the race.[331][332]
  • February 12: Deval Patrick dropped out of the race.[103]
  • February 14: Bill de Blasio endorsed Bernie Sanders.[333]
  • February 15–17: The Moving America Forward Infrastructure Forum was held at University of Nevada, Las Vegas, by the IUOE, ASCE, TWUA, ARTBA, APTA, AEM, and other groups. Infrastructure policy was discussed, with a focus on transportation, water, and broadband issues.[334]
  • February 19: The ninth Democratic debate took place in Las Vegas, Nevada.[213]
  • February 21: Voting in the Washington primary began.[335]
  • February 22: Nevada caucuses
    • With almost 47% of the county convention delegates, Bernie Sanders was announced as the winner of the Nevada caucuses.[336] Joe Biden finished second (20%), Pete Buttigieg finished third (14%), Elizabeth Warren finished fourth (10%), and Tom Steyer finished fifth (5%).[337]
  • February 24: Voting in the Colorado primary began.[338]
    • Marianne Williamson endorsed Bernie Sanders.[339]
  • February 25: The tenth Democratic debate took place in Charleston, South Carolina at the Gaillard Center.[213]
  • February 29: South Carolina primary
    • With 48% of the popular vote, Joe Biden was announced as the winner of the South Carolina primary.[340] Bernie Sanders came in second (20%), with Tom Steyer (3rd, 11%), Pete Buttigieg (4th, 8%), and Elizabeth Warren (5th, 7%) rounding out the top five.[341]
    • Tom Steyer dropped out of the race.[342]

March 2020
  • March 1: Pete Buttigieg dropped out of the race.[343]
  • March 2: Amy Klobuchar dropped out of the race.[344]
    • That evening, Biden received the endorsements of Buttigieg, Klobuchar, and Beto O'Rourke during a rally in Texas.[345]
  • March 3: Super Tuesday: Alabama, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont and Virginia primaries; American Samoa caucus.
    • Biden won Alabama, Arkansas, Massachusetts, Maine, Minnesota, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia.
    • Bloomberg won American Samoa.
    • Sanders won California, Colorado, Utah, and Vermont.
    • Voting in the Democrats Abroad primary began.[346]
  • March 4: Michael Bloomberg dropped out of the race, endorsing Biden.[347]
  • March 5: Elizabeth Warren dropped out of the race.[348]
  • March 6: John Delaney endorsed Joe Biden.[349]
  • March 8: Kamala Harris endorsed Joe Biden.[350]
  • March 9: Cory Booker endorsed Joe Biden.[351]
  • March 10: Idaho, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri and Washington primaries; North Dakota caucus.
    • Biden won Idaho, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, and Washington.
    • Sanders won North Dakota.
    • Andrew Yang endorsed Joe Biden.[352]
  • March 13: A national emergency was declared due to the coronavirus pandemic.[353] Following this, several presidential primaries were rescheduled (including Kentucky[354] and Louisiana[355]), and candidates limited in-person events.
  • March 14: Sanders won Northern Mariana Islands.[356]
  • March 15: The eleventh Democratic debate, originally scheduled to take place in Phoenix, Arizona,[357] took place in Washington, D.C. due to coronavirus concerns.[358][359]
  • March 16: Ohio announced that it intended to postpone its presidential primary, a plan that was struck down by a judge that same day.[360] Following the judge's decision, Governor DeWine announced that polls would be closed by order of Ohio Health Director Amy Acton due to a "health emergency." State officials will seek to extend the voting process.[361]
  • March 17: Arizona, Florida, and Illinois primaries.[361]
    • Biden won Arizona, Florida,[362] and Illinois.[363]
  • March 19: Tulsi Gabbard dropped out of the race, endorsing Biden.[364] Connecticut rescheduled its primary from April 28 to June 2.[365]
  • March 23: Sanders won Democrats Abroad.[366]
  • March 28: The New York primary was rescheduled from April 28 to June 23 due to coronavirus concerns.[367]

April 2020
  • April 7: Wisconsin primary
  • April 8:
    • Bernie Sanders dropped out of the race, and Joe Biden became the presumptive presidential nominee.[368]
    • The New Jersey primary was moved from June 2 to July 7 due to coronavirus concerns.[75]
  • April 10: Mail-in voting period ends for Alaska party-run primary.
  • April 11: Biden won Alaska.[369]
  • April 13:
    • Bernie Sanders endorsed Biden.[370]
    • Biden won Wisconsin.[371]
  • April 14:
  • April 15: Elizabeth Warren endorsed Biden.[373]
  • April 17: Mail-in voting period ends for Wyoming caucus. Connecticut rescheduled its primary for a second time, from June 2 to August 11.[66]
  • April 19: Biden won Wyoming.[374]
  • April 22: Jay Inslee endorsed Biden.[375]
  • April 28: Mail-in voting period ends for Ohio primary.
  • April 29: Voting for the Oregon primary begins.[376]

May 2020
  • May 2: Guam caucus; Kansas party-run primary
  • May 12: Nebraska primary
  • May 19: Oregon primary
  • May 22: Mail-in voting period ends for Hawaii primary

June 2020
  • June 2: Delaware, District of Columbia, Indiana, Maryland, Montana, New Mexico, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and South Dakota primaries
  • June 6: Virgin Islands caucuses
  • June 9: Georgia and West Virginia primaries
  • June 23: Kentucky and New York primaries

July 2020
  • July 7: New Jersey primary
  • July 11: Louisiana primary

August 2020
  • August 11: Connecticut primary[66]
  • August 17–20: Democratic National Convention, in which delegates of the Democratic Party will choose the party's nominees for president and vice president in the general election[377]

Ballot access

Filing for the primaries began in October 2019.[378][379] indicates that the candidate is on the ballot for the primary contest, indicates that the candidate is a recognized write-in candidate, and indicates that the candidate will not appear on the ballot in that state's contest. indicates that a candidate withdrew before the election but is still listed on the ballot.

Primaries and caucuses
State/
Territory		 Date
Biden
Sanders
Gabbard
Warren
Bloomberg
Klobuchar
Buttigieg
Steyer
Patrick
Bennet
Yang
Other
 Ref
IA[lower-roman 1] Feb 3Ballot access not required[380]
NH Feb 11[upper-alpha 1][112][381]
NV[lower-roman 1] Feb 22[upper-alpha 2][382]
SC Feb 29[upper-alpha 3][383]
AL Mar 3[upper-alpha 4][384]
AR Mar 3[upper-alpha 5][385]
AS[lower-roman 1] Mar 3[upper-alpha 6][386]
CA Mar 3[upper-alpha 7][387]
CO Mar 3[upper-alpha 8][388][389]
ME Mar 3[upper-alpha 9][390]
MA Mar 3[upper-alpha 4][391]
MN Mar 3[upper-alpha 4][392]
NC Mar 3[upper-alpha 4][393]
OK Mar 3[upper-alpha 10][394]
TN Mar 3[upper-alpha 11][395][396]
TX Mar 3[upper-alpha 12][397]
UT Mar 3[upper-alpha 13][398]
VT Mar 3[upper-alpha 14][399]
VA Mar 3[upper-alpha 10][400]
DA Mar 10[401]
ID Mar 10[upper-alpha 15][402]
MI Mar 10[upper-alpha 16][403]
MS Mar 10[404]
MO Mar 10[upper-alpha 17][405]
ND Mar 10[upper-alpha 2][406]
WA Mar 10[upper-alpha 3][407]
MP[lower-roman 1] Mar 14[408][409]
AZ Mar 17[upper-alpha 18][410]
FL Mar 17[upper-alpha 16][411]
IL Mar 17[upper-alpha 3][412]
WI Apr 7[upper-alpha 2] [413]
AK Apr 10[414][415]
WY[lower-roman 1] Apr 17[416]
OH Apr 28[417][418]
GU[lower-roman 1] May 2Ballot access not required[419]
KS May 2[420]
NE May 12[421]
OR May 19[422]
HI May 22[upper-alpha 2][423]
DE Jun 2[424]
DC Jun 2[425]
IN Jun 2[426]
MD Jun 2[upper-alpha 10] [427]
MT Jun 2[428]
NM Jun 2[429]
PA Jun 2[430]
RI Jun 2[431]
SD Jun 2[432]
VI[lower-roman 1] Jun 6Ballot access not required[433]
GA Jun 9[upper-alpha 2][434]
WV Jun 9[upper-alpha 19][435]
KY Jun 23[436]
NY Jun 23 [437]
NJ Jul 7[438]
LA Jul 11[upper-alpha 20][439]
CT Aug 11[440]
PR TBA[441]

Candidates listed in italics have suspended their campaigns.

  1. Cory Booker, Mosie Boyd, Steve Bullock, Steve Burke, Julián Castro, Roque De La Fuente III, John Delaney, Jason Dunlap, Michael A. Ellinger, Ben Gleib, Mark Greenstein, Kamala Harris, Henry Hewes, Tom Koos, Lorenz Kraus, Rita Krichevsky, Raymond Moroz, Joe Sestak, Sam Sloan, David Thistle, Thomas Torgeson, Robby Wells, and Marianne Williamson
  2. John Delaney
  3. Cory Booker and John Delaney
  4. Cory Booker, Julián Castro, John Delaney, and Marianne Williamson
  5. Cory Booker, Mosie Boyd, Steve Bullock, Julián Castro, John Delaney, Kamala Harris, Joe Sestak, and Marianne Williamson
  6. Kamala Harris
  7. Cory Booker, Mosie Boyd, Julián Castro, Roque De La Fuente III, John Delaney, Michael A. Ellinger, Mark Greenstein, Joe Sestak, and Marianne Williamson
  8. Cory Booker, Rita Krichevsky, Robby Wells, and Marianne Williamson
  9. Cory Booker and Marianne Williamson
  10. Cory Booker, Julián Castro, and Marianne Williamson
  11. Cory Booker, Julián Castro, John Delaney, and Marianne Williamson
  12. Cory Booker, Julián Castro, Roque De La Fuente III, John Delaney, Robby Wells, and Marianne Williamson
  13. Nathan Bloxham, Cory Booker, Julián Castro, Roque De La Fuente III, and Marianne Williamson
  14. Julián Castro, Mark Greenstein, and Marianne Williamson
  15. Cory Booker, Steve Burke, Julián Castro, Roque De La Fuente III, John Delaney, and Marianne Williamson
  16. Cory Booker, Julián Castro, John Delaney, Joe Sestak, and Marianne Williamson
  17. Cory Booker, Steve Burke, Julián Castro, Roque De La Fuente III, John Delaney, Bill Haas, Henry Hewes, Leonard J. Steinman II, Velma Steinman, Robby Wells, and Marianne Williamson
  18. Cory Booker, Julián Castro, Roque De La Fuente III, John Delaney, Michael A. Ellinger, Henry Hewes, and Marianne Williamson
  19. David Lee Rice
  20. John Delaney and Robby Wells

National convention

While the 2020 Democratic National Convention was scheduled to take place in Milwaukee, Wisconsin on July 13–16, 2020,[442][443][444] it has now been delayed to the week of August 17 due to concerns over the COVID-19 pandemic.[7][377]

In addition to Milwaukee, the DNC also considered bids from three other cities: Houston, Texas;[445] Miami Beach, Florida;[446] and Denver, Colorado. Denver, though, was immediately withdrawn from consideration by representatives for the city, who cited scheduling conflicts.[447]

Endorsements

Campaign finance

This is an overview of the money being raised and spent by each campaign for the entire period running from January 1, 2017, to February 29, 2020, as it was reported to the Federal Election Commission (FEC). Total raised is the sum of all individual contributions (large and small), loans from the candidate, and transfers from other campaign committees. The last column, Cash On Hand (COH), has been calculated by subtracting the "spent" amount from the "raised" amount, thereby showing the remaining cash each campaign had available for its future spending as of February 29, 2020. As of February 29, 2020, the major candidates have raised $989,234,992.08.

  Candidate who has withdrawn
Campaign finances by candidate
Candidate Total raised Individual contributions Debt Spent COH
Total Unitemized Pct
Joe Biden[448] $87,922,404 $87,787,513 $33,451,394 36.26% $0 $75,951,350 $12,098,450
Michael Bennet[449] $7,314,141 $6,597,792 $2,243,458 34.00% $0 $6,901,994 $412,147
Michael Bloomberg[450] $464,145,124 $0 $0 N/A $47,933,276 $409,006,814 $55,138,310
Cory Booker[451] $25,773,192 $22,775,586 $7,705,102 33.83% $999,464 $23,408,711 $2,364,481
Steve Bullock[452] $5,507,473 $5,489,527 $1,754,316 31.96% $0 $5,384,711 $122,762
Pete Buttigieg[453] $101,548,830 $100,808,451 $43,457,039 43.11% $0 $89,833,066 $10,299,464
Julian Castro[454] $10,302,020 $10,264,194 $6,620,621 64.50% $0 $9,740,367 $561,654
Bill de Blasio[455] $1,423,262 $1,423,223 $141,984 9.98% $30,351 $1,415,240 $8,022
John Delaney[456] $29,096,044 $2,582,552 $346,526 13.42% $11,408,250 $29,005,275 $112,812
Tulsi Gabbard[457] $13,705,808 $11,105,804 $6,557,690 59.05% $604,695 $11,695,759 $2,010,048
Kirsten Gillibrand[458] $15,951,180 $6,278,790 $1,979,345 31.52% $0 $14,489,189 $1,461,991
Mike Gravel[459] $330,059 $330,059 $322,076 97.58% $0 $239,833 $6,290
Kamala Harris[460] $40,844,081 $39,239,581 $15,734,549 40.10% $1,073,365 $39,464,670 $1,419,411
John Hickenlooper[461] $3,509,464 $3,352,659 $562,301 16.77% $75,000 $3,504,779 $4,686
Amy Klobuchar[462] $34,478,549 $30,843,861 $13,127,196 42.56% $0 $31,615,426 $2,863,124
Jay Inslee[463] $6,936,980 $6,911,292 $3,455,790 50.00% $0 $6,886,750 $50,231
Wayne Messam[464] $126,918 $124,318 $38,835 31.24% $81,876 $126,918 $0
Seth Moulton[465] $2,288,715 $1,497,825 $342,499 22.87% $182,328 $2,187,344 $59,433
Richard Ojeda[466] $119,478 $77,476 $48,742 62.91% $44,373 $117,507 $1,971
Beto O'Rourke[467] $18,469,516 $18,447,981 $9,436,271 51.15% $10,825 $18,108,263 $361,253
Deval Patrick[468] $2,277,907 $1,877,907 $202,953 10.81% $400,000 $871,301 $1,406,606
Tim Ryan[469] $1,341,246 $1,285,074 $435,024 33.85% $0 $1,340,948 $304
Bernie Sanders[470] $181,766,183 $168,556,191 $98,338,553 61.13% $0 $163,072,626 $18,693,557
Joe Sestak[471] $449,345 $440,127 $107,002 24.31% $0 $445,768 $3,577
Tom Steyer[472] $271,575,679 $3,555,597 $2,434,938 68.48% $24,000 $253,718,074 $17,857,605
Eric Swalwell[473] $2,604,856 $892,373 $340,385 38.14% $0 $2,604,856 $0
Elizabeth Warren[474] $93,028,095 $81,494,833 $48,480,591 59.49% $400,000 $90,728,115 $2,299,980
Marianne Williamson[475] $7,982,761 $7,976,999 $4,593,985 57.59% $249,741 $7,656,371 $326,390
Andrew Yang[476] $31,734,224 $31,644,175 $16,635,560 52.57% $2,010 $28,013,997 $3,720,227

Maps
Democratic primary and caucus calendar as of March 12, 2020, prior to a number of delays
  February
  March 3 (Super Tuesday)
  March 10
  March 14–17
  March 24–29
  April 4–7
  April 28
  May
  June
Democratic primary and caucus calendar by currently scheduled date, after delays due to the 2020 coronavirus pandemic in the United States
  February
  March 3 (Super Tuesday)
  March 10
  March 14–17
  April 7–17
  April 26–28
  May
  June–August
Map legend
     Joe Biden
     Michael Bloomberg
     Pete Buttigieg
     Amy Klobuchar
     Bernie Sanders
     Tom Steyer
     Elizabeth Warren
     Tie
     Other
     Winner not yet declared
  • Results by county according to first determining step relevant for delegate allocation. In Iowa, this is State Delegate Equivalents (SDEs) elected at precinct caucuses; in Nevada, this is County Convention Delegates (CCDs). In other states, this is the popular vote for each candidate.
  • Results by delegate district (usually congressional district) by first preference vote. Darker colors denote greater support for the leading candidate.

See also
  • 2020 Democratic National Convention
  • 2020 Republican Party presidential primaries
  • 2020 Libertarian Party presidential primaries
  • 2020 Green Party presidential primaries
  • 2020 Constitution Party presidential primaries
  • 2020 United States presidential election

Notes
  1. The overall number of pledged delegates is subject to change as possible penalties are not yet included.[1]
  2. 2,376 of 4,750 delegates needed to win any subsequent ballots at a contested convention.[1] The number of extra unpledged delegates (superdelegates), who after the first ballot at a contested convention participate in any subsequently needed nominating ballots (together with the 3,979 pledged delegates), was expected to be 771 as of December 2019, but the exact number of superdelegates is still subject to change due to possible deaths, resignations, accessions, or potential election as a pledged delegate.[1]
  3. Prior to the electoral reforms that took effect starting with the 1972 presidential elections, the Democrats used elite-run state conventions to choose convention delegates in two-thirds of the states, and candidates for the presidential nominee could be elected at the national convention of the party without needing to participate in any prior statewide election events.[20] Twenty-nine Democratic candidates announced their presidential candidacies prior to the 1924 Democratic National Convention,[21] and a record of 58 candidates received delegate votes during the 103 nominating ballots at that 17-day-long convention. In the post-reform era, more than three-quarters of the states used primary elections to choose delegates, and over 80% of convention delegates were selected in those primaries.[20] For more information, see McGovern–Fraser Commission.
  4. Results not yet finalized
  5. Suspended campaign during the voting period.
  6. Not on ballot; suspended campaign during the voting period.
  7. In-person voting cancelled.[47]
  8. In-person voting cancelled.[48]
  9. In-person voting cancelled.[49]
  10. In-person voting cancelled.[50]
  11. In-person voting cancelled.[51]
  12. First rescheduled to June 2, then shifted back to April 28 with in-person voting canceled; mail-in ballots must be received by 7:30 pm on April 28, 2020 to be counted.
  13. Delayed indefinitely, although the Republican Primary and the local New Progressive Party and Popular Democratic Party primaries are still scheduled for June 7.[56]
  14. Mail-in ballots must be received by April 10 to be counted.
  15. Mail-in ballots must be received by April 17 to be counted.
  16. Mail-in ballots must be received by May 22; results to be announced on May 23.
  17. The original rescheduled date was on June 20 before being delayed for the second time.
  18. Mail-in ballots must be received by May 2.
  19. Candidate did not appear on any ballots.
  20. Calculated by taking the difference of 100% and all other candidates combined
  21. 270 to Win reports the date each poll was released, not the dates each poll was administered.
  22. Source aggregates polls with a trendline regression of polls rather than a strict average of recent polls.
  1. Caucus

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